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Can incidental sighting data be used to elucidate habitat preferences and areas of suitable habitat for a cryptic species?

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Integrative Zoology 2017年第3期12卷 186-197页

作者： wesl.y r.hauser Sigrid r.HEISE-PAVLOV Indiana University School of Public and Environmental AffairsBloomingtonIndianaUSA Centre for rainforest Studies School for Field StudiesYungaburraQueenslandAustralia

The involvement of communities in ecological studies has been shown to augment conservation efforts,especially for cryptic ***,there is a lack of studies addressing the utility of incidental sighting records from community members in gaining knowledge on habitat preferences and distribution of suitable habitat for these *** study compares preferences of the Lumholtz’s tree kangaroo(Dendrolagus lumholtzi;LTK),a cryptic rainforest folivore in northeastern Australia,for various habitat and climatic variables derived from data collected during scientific projects to those derived from incidental sighting records using ArcGIS and *** sighting records suggest that the species uses a wider range of altitudes,annual rainfalls,annual mean temperatures and vegetation types than predicted by scientific *** records also show that the species can persist in areas of lower rainfall during the wettest month and lower minimum temperature during the coldest *** data place the species within a comparable range of rainfalls during the driest month,maximum temperatures of the warmest month and soil *** using identified preferences to assess the extent and distribution of suitable habitat,incidental records predicted more areas of suitable habitat than scientific records with an overlap of up to 91%between *** present study proves that incidental sighting records can be a valuable part of the study of cryptic species and should be considered complementarily alongside scientific studies to obtain comprehensive ecological information of a species that can assist in its conservation.

关键词： cryptic species Dendrolagus lumholtzi incidental sighting data habitat preferences Lumholtz’s tree kangaroo

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A data-driven indirect method for nonlinear optimal control

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Astrodynamics 2019年第4期3卷 345-359页

作者： Gao Tang Kris hauser Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27705USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27705USA

Nonlinear optimal control problems are challenging to solve due to the prevalence of local minima that prevent convergence and/or *** paper describes nearest-neighbors optimal control(NNOC),a data-driven framework for nonlinear optimal control using indirect *** determines initial guesses for new problems with the help of precomputed solutions to similar problems,retrieved using k-nearest neighbors.A sensitivity analysis technique is introduced to linearly approximate the variation of solutions between new and precomputed problems based on their variation of *** show that NNOC can obtain the global optimal solution orders of magnitude faster than standard random restart methods,and sensitivity analysis can further reduce the solving time almost by *** are shown on optimal control problems in vehicle control and agile satellite reorientation demonstrating that global optima can be determined with more than 99%reliability within time at the order of 10-100 milliseconds.

关键词： data-driven approach indirect method optimal control sensitivity analysis

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Addition of Ptyas nigromarginata (Blyth,1854) (Squamata:Colubridae) to the Snake Fauna of Thailand with Preliminary remarks on Its Distribution

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Asian Herpetological research 2013年第3期4卷 166-181页

作者： Gernot VOGEL Sjon hauser Society for Southeast Asian Herpetology

The first record of Ptyas nigromarginata （Blyth, 1854） from Thailand and a new record from China are reported. Literature and internet sources were searched for previous records of this species to establish its geographic and altitudinal distributions in Asia. The distribution in India was adapted to the new state division of the northern part of the country. The results show that the species almost exclusively occurs in hill evergreen and montane forests of the Himalayan foothills and mountain ranges continuous with it, at altitudes of 1000-2300 m above sea level.

关键词： Ptyas nigromarginata Nan Province Lijiang Himalaya distribution pattern

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Cognitive behavioral approach to understanding irritable bowel syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第22期20卷 6744-6758页

作者： Goran hauser Sanda Pletikosic Mladenka Tkalcic Department of Internal Medicine Division of GastroenterologyClinical Hospital Centre Rijeka51000 RijekaCroatia Department of Psychology Faculty of Humanities and Social SciencesUniversity of Rijeka51000 RijekaCroatia

Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is considered a biopsychosocial disorder,whose onset and precipitation are a consequence of interaction among multiple factors which include motility disturbances,abnormalities of gastrointestinal sensation,gut inflammation and infection,altered processing of afferent sensory information,psychological distress,and affective *** models have been proposed in order to describe and explain IBS,each of them focusing on specific aspects or mechanisms of the *** review attempts to present and discuss different determinants of IBS and its symptoms,from a cognitive behavioral therapy framework,distinguishing between the developmental predispositions and precipitants of the disorder,and its perpetuating cognitive,behavioral,affective and physiological *** main focus in understanding IBS will be placed on the numerouspsychosocial factors,such as personality traits,early experiences,affective disturbances,altered attention and cognitions,avoidance behavior,stress,coping and social *** conclusion,a symptom perpetuation model is proposed.

关键词： Anxiety Attention Irritable bowel syndrome Neuroticism Stress

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Diatom-inspired Plastic Deformation Elements for Energy Absorption in Automobiles

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2015年第4期12卷 613-623页

作者： Christin Hundertmark rudiger Tinter Marc Ortelt Marcus J B hauser Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg Institute of Experimental Physics Biophysics Group Universitatsplatz 2 39106 Magdeburg Germany Volkswagen AG Plastic Business Sector Postbox O11/1219 38436 Wolfsburg Germany

We report on a biomimetic approach for the construction of a deformation element in vehicles which absorbs energy in the case of lateral collisions. We aim at simultaneously maximising the energy absorption capacity of the component and mini- mising its weight. The examined deformation element, a crash-pad is inspired by the structure of a diatom which is known for its structural stability. As the natural counterpart, our crash pad is characterized by an undulated shape. The three undulations of the crash pad are of different height and provide for a sequential absorption of the impact energy. Compression tests were performed on the prototypes of the crash pad that were produced from different materials, namely a conventional talc reinforced poly- propylene and a natural fibre reinforced plastic. Compression tests revealed that the bioinspired crash pads performed better or equal than their technical counterpart. As required, the bioinspired components deformed continuously with the increase in deformation force. Since the differences in the properties of the used materials were small, the increased energy absorption properties were predominantly due to the structure of the biomimetic deformation element.

关键词： biomimetic approach deformation element side crash natural fibre reinforced plastic energy absorption diatoms

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Psychiatric and substance use disorders co-morbidities and hepatitis C: Diagnostic and treatment implications

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第15期7卷 1921-1935页

作者： Peter.hauser Shira Kern VISN 22 Network Office Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior University of California Irvine Department of Psychiatry University of California San Diego VA Long Beach Healthcare System

Chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV) viral infection is the most common blood-borne viral infection and approximately 2%-3% of the world's population or 170-200 million people are infected. In the United States as many as 3-5 million people may have HCV. Psychiatric and substance use disorders(SUDs) are common co-morbid conditions found in people with HCV and are factors in predisposing people to HCV infection. Also, these co-morbidities are reasons that clinicians exclude people from antiviral therapy in spite of evidence that people with HCV and co-morbid psychiatric and SUD can be safely and effectively treated. Furthermore, the neuropsychiatric side effects of interferon(IFN), until recently the mainstay of antiviral therapy, have necessitated an appreciation and assessment of psychiatric co-morbidities present in people with HCV. The availability of new medications and IFNfree antiviral therapy medication combinations will shorten the duration of treatment and exposure to IFN and thus decrease the risk of neuropsychiatric side effects. This will have the consequence of dramatically altering the clinical landscape of HCV care and will increase the number of eligible treatment candidates as treatment of people with HCV and co-morbid psychiatric and SUDs will become increasingly viable. While economically developed countries will rely on expensive IFN-free antiviral therapy, less developed countries will likely continue to use IFN-based therapies at least until such time as IFNfree antiviral medications become generic. The current manuscript discusses the efficacy and viability of treating HCV in people with psychiatric and SUDs comorbidities, the treatment of the neuropsychiatric side effects of IFN-based therapies and the impact of new medications and new treatment options for HCV that offer the promise of increasing the availability of antiviral therapy in this vulnerable population.

关键词： Hepatitis C Psychiatric disorders Substanceuse disorders Antiviral treatment

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Bin2vec:learning representations of binary executable programs for security tasks

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Cybersecurity 2021年第1期4卷 401-414页

作者： Shushan Arakelyan Sima Arasteh Christophe hauser Erik Kline Aram Galstyan Information Sciences Institute 4676 Admiralty WayMarina Del ReyCAUSA

Tackling binary program analysis problems has traditionally implied manually defining rules and heuristics,a tedious and time consuming task for human *** order to improve automation and scalability,we propose an alternative direction based on distributed representations of binary programs with applicability to a number of downstream *** introduce Bin2vec,a new approach leveraging Graph Convolutional Networks(GCN)along with computational program graphs in order to learn a high dimensional representation of binary executable *** demonstrate the versatility of this approach by using our representations to solve two semantically different binary analysis tasks–functional algorithm classification and vulnerability *** compare the proposed approach to our own strong baseline as well as published results,and demonstrate improvement over state-of-the-art methods for both *** evaluated Bin2vec on 49191 binaries for the functional algorithm classification task,and on 30 different CWE-IDs including at least 100 CVE entries each for the vulnerability discovery *** set a new state-of-the-art result by reducing the classification error by 40%compared to the source-code based inst2vec approach,while working on binary *** almost every vulnerability class in our dataset,our prediction accuracy is over 80%(and over 90%in multiple classes).

关键词： Binary program analysis Computer security Vulnerability discovery Neural networks

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Memory access optimization for particle operations in computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method simulations

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Particuology 2023年第7期78卷 97-110页

作者： Deepthi Vaidhynathan Hariswaran Sitaraman ray Grout Thomas hauser Christine M.Hrenya Jordan Musser Computational Science Center National Renewable Energy LaboratoryUnited States research Computing University of ColoradoBoulderUnited States Chemical and Biological Engineering University of ColoradoBoulderUnited States Computational Science and Engineering National Energy Technology LaboratoryUnited States

Computational Fluid Dynamics-Discrete Element Method is used to model gas-solid systems in several applications in energy,pharmaceutical and petrochemical *** performance bot-tlenecks often limit the problem sizes that can be simulated at industrial *** data structures used to store several millions of particles in such large-scale simulations have a large memory footprint that does not fit into the processor cache hierarchies on current high-performance-computing platforms,leading to reduced computational *** paper specifically addresses this aspect of memory access bottlenecks in industrial scale *** use of space-flling curves to improve memory access patterns is described and their impact on computational performance is quantified in both shared and distributed memory parallelization *** Morton space flling curve applied to uniform grids and k-dimensional tree partitions are used to reorder the particle data-structure thus improving spatial and temporal locality in *** performance impact of these techniques when applied to two benchmark problems,namely the homogeneous-cooling-system and a fluidized-bed,are *** optimization techniques lead to approximately two-fold performance improvement in particle focused operations such as neighbor-list creation and data-exchange,with~1.5 times overall improvement in a fluidization simulation with 1.27 million particles.

关键词： CFD-DEM Memory access optimization Spatial reordering Performance optimization

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Behavioral assessment of hippocampal function following dietary intervention

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2018年第3期7卷 229-233页

作者： Klaus W.Lange Ewelina Stollberg yukiko Nakamura Joachim hauser Department of Experimental Psychology University of Regensburg93040 RegensburgGermany

Pattern separation keeps items distinct in memory and is mediated by the hippocampus.A relationship between hippocampal function and diet quality has been suggested by findings in both humans and *** the present study,rats were fed over seven generations a diet containing increased amounts of sugar and saturated fatty acids,reduced levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids and an increased ratio of omega-6/omega-3 fatty acids(“Western”diet).Spatial pattern separation(or local discrimination)performance of these animals was compared with that of rats fed a standard diet.A separation-dependent difference between the standard and Western diet groups was found in the number of discriminations performed in the pattern separation task,with rats of the“Western”group performing fewer *** present results suggest that behavioral assessment of spatial pattern separation can detect effects of dietary interventions in rats and that pattern separation can be impaired by transgenerational administration of a“Western”*** studies should determine which components of this diet induce the memory impairments related to the *** translational relevance of these findings in regard to mental disorders such as dementia and depression needs to be investigated.

关键词： Memory Hippocampus Western diet Fatty acids Sugar

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How can probiotic improve irritable bowel syndrome symptoms?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2021年第9期13卷 923-940页

作者： Indira Benjak Horvat Ivana Gobin Andrea Kresović Goran hauser Department of Gastroenterology Varaždin General HospitalVaražin 42000Croatia Department of Microbiology and Parasitology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of RijekaRijeka 51000Croatia Department of Gastroenterology Clinical Hospital Center RijekaRijeka 51000Croatia Department of Gastroenterology Faculty of MedicineClinical Hospital Center RijekaUniversity of RijekaRijeka 51000Croatia

The onset and manifestations of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is associated with several factors,and the pathophysiology involves various central and peripheral *** studies indicate that the management of gut microbiota could significantly affect the improvement of subjective disorders in patients with *** clinical trials have assessed the efficacy of probiotics for IBS with controversial *** clinical trials have suggested that probiotics can improve global IBS symptoms,while others only improve individual IBS symptoms,such as bloating scores and abdominal pain *** a few clinical trials have found no apparent effect of probiotics on IBS ***,probiotics appear to be safe for patients with ***,the question of which probiotics should be used for certain IBS subtypes remains *** everyday practice,the dose of the recommended probiotic remains questionable,as well as how long the probiotic should be used in *** use of probiotics in the M subtype and non-classified IBS is particularly problematic,in which combination therapy should be recommended due to the change in ***,new approaches are needed in the design of clinical studies that should address certain subtypes of IBS.

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Obstipation Diarrhoea Abdominal pain Probiotic Prebiotic Symbiotic Microbiota

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