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Mesophyll thickness and sclerophylly among calotropis procera morphotypes reveal water-saved adaptation to environments

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Journal of Arid Land 2019年第6期11卷 795-810页

作者： Marcelo F POMPELLI Keila R MENDES Marcio V RAMOS Jose N B SANTOS Diaa T A YOUSSEF Jaqueline D PEREIRA Laurício ENDRES Alfredo JARMA-OROZcO Rodolfo SOLANO-GOMES Betty JARMA-ARROYO Andre L J SILVA Marcos A SANTOS werner c antunes Plant Physiology Laboratory Department of BotanyFederal University of PernambucoRecife 50670901Brazil Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Federal University of CearáFortaleza 60020603Brazil Department of Natural Products Faculty of PharmacyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Institute of Botany Federal University of ViçosaRio Paranaíba CampusRio Paranaiba 36570900Brazil Plant Ecophysiology Laboratory Federal University of AlagoasMaceio 57072900Brazil Faculty of Agricultural Science University of CórdobaMontería 230002Colombia Instituto Politécnico Nacional Research Interdisciplinary Center for Integrated Rural DevelopmentSanta Cruz XoxocotlanOaxaca 7738Mexico Department of Biology University of MaringáMaringá87020900Brazil

calotropis procera(Aiton)Dryand(Apocynaceae)is a native species in tropical and subtropical Africa and ***,due to its fast growing and drought-tolerant,it has become an invasive species when it was introduced into central and South America,as well as the caribbean ***,*** displays a wide distribution in the *** is important,in particular,because many invasive species exert a high reproductive pressure on the invaded communities or are highly productive in their new distributed *** has been suggested that a very deep root system and a high capacity to reduce stomatal conductance during water shortage could allow this species to maintain the water status required for a normal ***,the true mechanism behind the successful distribution of *** across wet and dry environments is still *** leaves were collected from 12 natural populations in Brazil,colombia and Mexico,ranging from wet to dry environments during 2014–*** traits of morphology and anatomy from these distinct morphotypes were *** found that *** leaves had a considerable capacity to adjust their morphological,anatomical and physiological traits to different *** magnitude of acclimation responses,i.e.,plasticity,had been hypothesized to reflect the specialized adaptation of plant species to a particular ***,allometric models for leaf area(LA)estimation cannot be grouped as a single *** are narrower and thicker with low amounts of air spaces inside the leaf parenchyma in wet environments,while they are broader and thinner with a small number of palisade cell layers in dry *** on these,we argue that broader and thinner leaves of *** dissipate incident energy at the expense of a higher rate of transpiration to survive in environments in which water is the most limiting factor and to compete in favorable wet environments.

关键词： invasive plant energy budget leaf anatomy morphological trait specific leaf area

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Instability after total hip arthroplasty

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2012年第8期3卷 122-130页

作者： Brian c werner Thomas E Brown Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Virginia School of Medicine Charlottesville VA 22908 United States

Instability following total hip arthroplasty(THA) is an unfortunately frequent and serious problem that requires thorough evaluation and preoperative planning before surgical intervention. Prevention through optimal index surgery is of great importance, as the management of an unstable THA is challenging even for an experienced joints surgeon. However, even after well-planned surgery, a significant incidence of recurrent instability still exists. Non-operative management is often successful if the components are well-fixed and correctly positioned in the absence of neurocognitive disorders. If conservative management fails, surgical options include revision of malpositioned components; exchange of modular components such as the femoral head and acetabular liner; bipolar arthroplasty; tripolar arthroplasty; use of a larger femoral head; use of a constrained liner; soft tissue reinforcement and advancement of the greater trochanter.

关键词： Instability Total hip arthroplasty Revision constrained liner Bipolar arthroplasty Large femoral head

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Phylogenetic position of sponges in early metazoan evolution and bionic applications of siliceous sponge spicules

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chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第22期52卷 3029-3040页

作者： werner E G MULLER WANG XiaoHong ZENG LingSen Heinz c ScHRODER Institut for Physiologische chemie Abteilung Angewandte Molekularbiologie Universit&t Duesbergweg 6 D-55099 Mainz Germany National Research center for Geoanalysis Beijing 100037 China Faculty for Environmental Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China

Sponges are the oldest and the simplest but not primitive multicellular animals. They represent the earliest evolutionary metazoan phylum still extant. It was a long and painful scientific process to posi-tion the most enigmatic and mysterious metazoan,the Porifera,into their correct phylogenetic place among the eukaryotes in general and multicellular animals in particular. As living fossils,sponges provide the best evidence for the early evolution of Metazoa. More recently,interest has been focused on the bionic applications of sponges' siliceous spicules,after the discovery of their unique structure and high fiber performance. In this review,the emergence of sponges,evolutionary novelties found in sponges,and the phylogenetic position of sponges in early metazoan evolution are highlighted. In ad-dition,the present state of knowledge on silicatein-mediated "biosilica" formation in marine sponges,including the involvement of other molecules in silica metabolism and their potential application in nanobiotechnology and medicine,is given.

关键词：海绵多细胞动物仿生学硅土

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Flashing light in sponges through their siliceous fiber network:A new strategy of “neuronal transmission” in animals

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chinese Science Bulletin 2012年第25期57卷 3300-3311页

作者： WANG XiaoHong FAN XingTao ScHRODER Heinz c MULLER werner E G National Research center for Geoanalysis Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China ERc Advanced Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological chemistry University Medical Center of the Johannes GutenbergUniversityMainz D-55099Germany

Sponges(phylum Porifera) represent a successful animal taxon that evolved prior to the Ediacaran-cambrian boundary(542 million years ago).They have developed an almost complete array of cell-and tissue-based interaction systems necessary for the establishment of a functional,multicellular ***,a network of neurons,one cell/tissue-communication system is missing in *** fact is puzzling and enigmatic,because these animals possess receptors known to be involved in the nervous system in evolutionary younger animal *** an example,the metabotropic glutamate/GABA-like receptor has been identified and cloned by ***,we have identified a novel light transmission/light responsive system in sponges that is based on their skeletal elements,the siliceous glass fibers,termed *** classes of sponges,the Hexactinellida and the Demospongiae,possess a siliceous skeleton that is composed of *** the large spicules from hexactinellid sponges(>5 cm) revealed that these spicules are effective light-collecting optical *** we can report that the demosponge,Suberites domuncula,has a biosensor system consisting of the(organic) light producing luciferase and the(inorganic) light transducing silica *** light transmission features of these smaller spicules(200 μm) has been demonstrated and the ability of the sponge tissue to generate light had been *** for a luciferase gene in *** was *** the next step,we searched for a protein potentially involved in light *** a protein was identified,cloned and recombinantly expressed from *** protein sequence displays two domains characteristic of a cryptochrome,the N-terminal photolyase-related region and the c-terminal FAD-binding *** experimental data indicate that sponges may employ a network of luciferase-like proteins,a spicular system and a cryptochrome as the light source,optical waveguide and photosensor,***

关键词：海绵组织动物类群光纤网络硅质神经传导闪烁荧光素酶基因蛋白质序列

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Functional and structural changes in internal pudendal arteries underlie erectile dysfunction induced by androgen deprivation

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2017年第5期19卷 526-532页

作者： Rheure Alves-Lopes Karla B Neves Marcondes AB Silva Vania c Olivon Silvia G Ruginsk Jose antunes-Rodrigues Leandra NZ Ramalho Rita c Tostes Fernando Silva carneiro Department of Pharmacology Ribeirao Preto Medical School University of Sao Paulo Ribeirao Preto SP Brazil Department of Physics and chemistry Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto University of Sao Paulo Ribeirao Preto SP Brazil Department of Physiological Sciences Biomedical Sciences InstituteFederal University of Alfenas Alfenas MG Brazil Department of Physiology Ribeirao Preto Medical School University of Sao Paulo Ribeirao Preto SP Brazil Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine Ribeirao Preto Medical School University of Sao Paulo Ribeirao Preto SP Brazil

Androgen deficiency is strongly associated with erectile dysfunction （ED）. Inadequate penile arterial blood flow is one of the major causes of ED. The blood flow to the corpus cavernosum is mainly derived from the internal pudendal arteries （IPAs）; however, no study has evaluated the effects of androgen deprivation on IPA＇s function. We hypothesized that castration impairs IPAs reactivity and structure, contributing to ED. In our study, Wistar male rats, 8-week-old, were castrated and studied 30 days after orchiectomy. Functional and structural properties of rat IPAs were determined using wire and pressure myograph systems, respectively. Protein expression was determined by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Plasma testosterone levels were determined using the IMMULITE 1000 Immunoassay System. castrated rats exhibited impaired erectile function, represented by decreased intracavernosal pressure/mean arterial pressure ratio. IPAs from castrated rats exhibited decreased phenylephrine- and electrical field stimulation （EFS）-induced contraction and decreased acetylcholine- and EFS-induced vasodilatation. IPAs from castrated rats exhibited decreased internal diameter, external diameter, thickness of the arterial wall, and cross-sectional area. castration decreased nNOS and α-actin expression and increased collagen expression, p38 （Thr180/ryr182） phosphorylation, as well as caspase 3 cleavage. In conclusion, androgen deficiency is associated with impairment of IPA reactivity and structure and increased apoptosis signaling markers. Our findings suggest that androgen deficiency-induced vascular dysfunction is an event involving hypotrophic vascular remodeling of IPAs.

关键词： androgen castration internal pudendal artery

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Impact of cOVID-19 effective reproductive rate on cryptocurrency

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Financial Innovation 2022年第1期8卷 1432-1458页

作者： Marcel c.Minutolo werner Kristjanpoller Prakash Dheeriya Robert Morris University 6001 University BlvdMoon TownshipPA 15108USA Departamento de Industrias Universidad Técnica Federico Santa MaríaAv.España 1680ValparaísoChile california State University Dominguez Hills 1000 E Victoria StCarsonCA 90747USA

The importance of cryptocurrency to the global economy is increasing steadily,which is evidenced by a total market capitalization of over$2.18T as of December 17,2021,according to ***(coin,2021).cryptocurrencies are too confusing for laymen and require more *** this study,we analyze the impact that the effective reproductive rate,an epidemiological indicator of the spread of cOVID-19,has on both the price and trading volume of eight of the largest digital currencies—Bitcoin,Ethereum,Tether,Ripple,Litecoin,Bitcoin cash,cardano,and *** hypothesize that as the rate of spread decreases,the trading price of the digital currency *** Generalized Autoregressive conditional Heteroskedasticity models,we find that the impact of the spread of cOVID-19 on the price and trading volume of cryptocurrencies varies by currency and *** findings offer novel insight into the cryptocurrency market and the impact that the viral spread of cOVID-19 has on the value of the major cryptocurrencies.

关键词： cOVID-19 cryptocurrency Bitcoin GARcH Digital currency Fintech

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Esports players,got muscle?competitive video game players’physical activity,body fat,bone mineral content,and muscle mass in comparison to matched controls

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第6期11卷 725-730页

作者： Joanne DiFrancisco-Donoghue William G.werner Peter c.Douris Hallie Zwibel Department of Osteopathic Medicine New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine(NYIT-COM)Old WestburyNY 11568USA center for Sports Medicine NYIT-COMOld WestburyNY 11568USA Department of Physical Therapy NYITOld WestburyNY 11568USA Department of Family Medicine NYIT-COMOld WestburyNY 11568USA

Background:Esports players,like traditional athletes,practice for long hours and,thus,are vulnerable to the negative health effects of prolonged *** is a lack of research on the physical activity and the health ramifications of prolonged sitting by competitive *** purpose of this study was to investigate activity levels,body mass index(BMI),and body composition in collegiate esports players as compared to agematched ***:Twenty-four male collegiate esports players and non-esports players between 18 and 25 years of age signed a written consent to *** activity was examined using daily activity(step count)with a wrist-worn activity tracker.A questionnaire assessing physical activity was also *** outcomes included body-fat percentage,lean-body mass,BMI,and bone mineral content measured using dual X-ray ***:The step count in the esports players was significantly lower than the age-matched controls(6040.2±3028.6 vs.12843.8±5661.1;p=0.004).Esports players exhibited greater body-fat percentage(p=0.05),less lean body mass(p=0.003),and less bone mineral content(p=0.03),despite no difference in BMI between the esports and non-esports ***:As compared to non-esports players,collegiate esports players were significantly less active and had a higher body-fat percentage,with lower lean body mass and bone mineral *** BMIs showed no difference between the 2 *** athletes displayed significantly less activity and poor body composition,which are all correlated with potential health issues and risk of *** did not capture this difference and should not be considered as an accurate measure of health in competitive esports players.

关键词： Body composition Body mass index Gaming

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A dual role of selenium in the growth control of seedlings of Stylosanthes humilis

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Agricultural Sciences 2011年第2期2卷 78-85页

作者： Dimas Mendes Ribeiro Ana Maria Mapeli werner camargos antunes Raimundo Santos Barros 不详

The growth of seedlings of Townsville sytlo (Stylosanthes humilis H.B.K.) is inhibited by aluminium (Al) ions, their elongation being re-covered with sodium selenate at 1.0 μM. Methyl viologen and hydrogen peroxide, reactive oxy-gen species (ROS)-generating compounds, also inhibited seedling elongation and again growth was relieved by selenate. Selenate, thus, seemed to be operating as a ROS quencher, since N-acetylcysteine (NAc), an antioxidant com-pound, also stimulated largely the growth of Al-inhibited seedlings. At a higher concentra-tion (0.1 mM), however, selenate inhibited seed-ling growth and elongation was recovered by NAc. Ethylene production by selenate plus NAc-treated seedlings was very higher and thus the gaseous hormone was not responsible for the seedling growth inhibition caused by sele-nate. Hence, it seems that at high levels sele-nate operates as a ROS-generating compound whose effects were counteracted by NAc. It can be deduced that, at low concentration, sele-nates behave as a ROS quencher and at high level as a ROS-promoting species.

关键词： Aluminium Ethylene Growth Inhibition Reactive Oxygenspecies Selenate Townsville Stylo

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Increasing analyzable steel thickness for thin layer activation experiments

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2020年第3期31卷 35-44页

作者： Joao Francisco de Oliveira antunes Mauro Lucio Borges Lemos Michel de Almeida Franca Julio cezar Suita celso Marcelo Franklin Lapa Instituto de Engenharia Nuclear Rio de Janeiro 21941-614Brazil Programa de Engenharia Nuclear-cOPPE/UFRJ Riode Janeiro 21941-450Brazil

The thin layer activation technique(TLA)is very effective in wear analysis for tribological systems where disassembly is costly or *** its development in the 1970s,TLA has been applied through direct irradiation of solid targets using ionizing particle beams to obtain an activation with a specific *** profile is then used to measure wear in a variety of *** experiments rely heavily on how deep the normalized activation *** of 30μm to 50μm are obtained for constant activation by the standard method,which for many experiments is ***,many others would benefit greatly from a 300μm constant activation layer,such as high-performance engines,softer alloys(brakes),and oil transport *** this aim was the goal of this ***,we needed to find an adequate irradiation line for the TLA ***,another technique/system was developed(the Attenuation Wheel),which would bring the depth of constant activation from 50μm to 300μm.

关键词： Thin layer activation Wear Proton beam Attenuation wheel

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The ecological performance of metallophyte plants thriving in geochemical islands is explained by the Inclusive Niche Hypothesis

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2015年第1期8卷 41-50页

作者： Helena c.Serrano cristina antunes Manuel J.Pinto cristina Máguas Maria Amélia Martins-Loução cristina Branquinho centro de Biologia Ambiental Faculdade de CiênciasUniversidade de LisboaCampo Grande1749-016 LisboaPortugal Jardim Botânico do Museu Nacional de História Natural e da ciência Universidade de LisboaR.Escola Politécnica 581250-102 LisboaPortugal

Aims The Inclusive Niche Hypothesis has not been validated for plants using ecophysiological *** few experiments have measured growth and competition but not the physiological response of plants.A metallophyte plant that hyperaccumulates aluminium(Al),Plantago almogravensis,showed a defined spa-tial distribution by occurring mostly on vegetation gaps associ-ated with metalliferous areas(geochemical islands).This case was used to determine,in situ,whether the Inclusive Niche Hypothesis was suitable to explain the extent of the species real-ized *** The vegetation associated with *** geochemical islands in the SW coast of Portugal was *** biotic(neighbouring plants)and abiotic(edaphic)components of the niche were cor-related with parameters of the plant’s ecological and physiological performances(plant density and cover;leaf c and N concentration and isotopic composition;growth).The results were obtained using image analysis,abundance and morphological measures,isotopic signatures and chemical *** Findings The species showed better physiological performance where its ecological performance was lower due to trade-offs with environ-mental *** species’realized niche was mostly limited by shrub competition and soil *** limits contribute to explain the rarity status of the species:the species has a poor capacity to compete but,due to an enhanced Al-tolerance and Al-hyperaccumulator trait,has the ability to find refuge in geochem-ical islands that are too harsh for most other *** work,based on ecophysiological field studies,provides support for the Inclusive Niche Hypothesis relating to plant species.

关键词： competition ecophysiology edaphic endemism hyperaccumulation stable isotopes trade-off

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