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Review of Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharides:Extraction process,structural features, bioactivities and applications

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2025年第1期17卷 56-69页

作者： Hongyue Tian Lingzhuo An Pengwang Wang Xuemin Zhang wenyuan gao Xia Li Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin University Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Resources Research Enterprises College of Pharmacy Qinghai Minzu University

Astragalus membranaceus possesses the function of enhancing immunity,protecting the liver,diuretic,anti-aging,anti-stress,anti-hypertensive,and more extensive antibacterial ***,one kind of the major active ingredients of ***,are considered to be responsible for their versatile ***,a systematic summary of research progress and prospects of polysaccharides from *** polysaccharides(AMPs) is necessary to facilitate their further study and *** this review,the optimal extraction methods,structural features,biological activities,and applications of AMPs were *** structure-activity relationships are also analyzed and ***,ultrasonic,microwave,enzyme-assisted,ultra-high pressure,and combined methods have been used to extract *** them,solvent extraction is the most commonly used method because it is simple and easy to operate,but the efficiency needs to be improved *** ultra-high pressure method is the most efficient but has a low economic *** exhibited various bioactivities,including immunomodulation,antitumor,and *** structure-activity relationships revealed that different structure configurations,chain conformations,and physical properties would have different ***,the new method for purification of certain polysaccharides,detailed structure-activity relationships(SAR),mechanisms of bioactivities,and quality control of AMPs need to be extensively investigated.

关键词： antidiabetic activity antitumor applications Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharides extraction process immunomodulation structure-activity relationship

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Exploitation potential and deep-rooted conformational relationships of traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2025年第1期17卷 1-2页

作者： wenyuan gao School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin University

Traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides account for more than 10% of the mass of herbs and are one of the most important components of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). However, the actual value of polysaccharides has been underestimated due to the lack of clarity in the characterization and uptake of their structure. A systematic summary of polysaccharides can help researchers grasp the direction of research, clarify the progress and shortcomings of polysaccharide research, and lay the foundation for subsequent development

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A Review of Research Progress in the Genesis of Colloform Pyrite and Its Environmental Indications

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2016年第4期90卷 1353-1369页

作者： gao Shang HUANG Fei WANG Yinghui gao wenyuan Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines College of Resource and Civil Engineering Northeastern University

Colloform pyrite is a special form of nano-micro polycrystalline aggregation growth, for which a suitable term is ＂aggregates of nano-micro crystals＂. This kind of colloform texture is observed in various geological bodies, such as ancient sedimentary rocks, modern marine and lake sediments, various types of ore deposits, and modern seafloor hydrothermal vents. This paper summarizes the latest developments and research into the definition, formation mechanisms, and environmental indications of colloform pyrite. There appears to be three main formation mechanisms of colloform pyrite： pseudomorphic replacement; biogenic precipitation; and inorganic precipitation. The morphology, particle size, trace element content and preferential growth orientations of coUoform pyrite microcrystals can be important indicators for sedimentary environments, hydrothermal activity, and ore-forming processes. We suggest that the microscopic features of nano-micro crystals in colloform pyrite and their aggregation growth patterns need further investigation. The relationships between formation mechanisms of colioform pyrite, organic activity and depositional environments require further exploration. To reveal the nature of nano-micro grain aggregation growth in colloform pyrite and analyse its growth environment and evolutionary history, it is supposed to apply nanoscientific and nanotechnological methods, further integrate consideration of macroscopic geological backgrounds and microscopic mineral growth phenomena, combine high-resolution imaging systems and in situ quantitative microanalysis methods and constitute a mergence of earth science, thermodynamics and kinetics, life science, material science, and chemistry in the study.

关键词： colloform pyrite nano-micro crystals aggregation growth mechanism environmental indication nanoscience and nanotechnology

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LC-ELSD analysis for simultaneous determination of five components in the Xue-Fu-Zhu-Yu capsules

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2010年第1期4卷 96-101页

作者： Ying gao wenyuan gao Fengge LI Xinying YANG Xuan DONG School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Medical College of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces Tianjin 300162China Tianjin Hongrentang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.Tianjin 300122China

A reliable and accurate liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering detection(LC-ELSD)method was developed for simultaneous determination of five constituents in Xue-Fu-Zhu-Yu capsule,a widely used prescription of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).The chromatographic separation was performed on a Symmetry C_(18)column(150 mm×4.6 mm,5.0μm)using gradient elution of acetonitrile and water(containing 1.0%acetic acid).The flow rate was 0.6 mL/min and the temperature of column was 30℃.A good linearity correlation was obtained over the investigated concentration *** of the five components varied from 97.31%to 99.84%(RSD<4.0%).The validated method was successfully applied to the quality assessment of Xue-Fu-Zhu-Yu capsule.

关键词： column liquid chromatography quantitative analysis traditional Chinese medicine Xue-Fu-Zhu-Yu capsule

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Study on mechanical properties of soil-rock mixture of various compactness subjected to freeze-thaw cycles

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2021年第5期13卷 450-462页

作者： Zhong Zhou HaoHui Ding wenyuan gao LinRong Xu School of Civil Engineering Central South UniversityChangshaHunan 410075China

The soil-rock mixture,a collection of soil particles and rock blocks,is inherently heterogeneous and anisotropic due to significant particle size and material strength *** study conducts triaxial tests on soil-rock mixture samples of various compactness subjected to varying freeze-thaw cycles.A mesoscopic simulation is carried out by particle flow code(PFC)to analyze the effects of freeze-thaw cycles on the mechanical properties of soil and rock *** results show that the mechanical properties of the soil-rock mixture under freeze-thaw cycles are greatly affected by the initial *** general,when the degree of compaction is higher,the influence of freeze-thaw cycles on the soil-rock mixture is *** stress-strain curves of the samples with different compactness demonstrate strain-softening *** freeze-thaw cycles greatly influence the failure strength of the samples with a higher degree of compaction but have little impact on the samples with a lower degree of *** the microscopic level,during freeze-thaw cycles,the pore volume in the highly compacted sample is too small to accommodate the volume expansion from ice crystal formation,causing significant strength loss among the soil and rock particles and deterioration of the macroscopic properties of the soil-rock mixture.

关键词： soil-rock mixtures freeze-thaw cycle degree of compaction particle flow code

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Mineralogical Characteristics of Exsolved Spinel in the Panzhihua V-Ti Magnetite Deposit, Sichuan: Implications for the Mineralization Process

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2018年第5期92卷 1784-1797页

作者： ZHANG Zhibin HUANG Fei XING Miaomiao WAN Quan gao wenyuan gao Shang CHEN Zhenyu CAI Jianhui College of Resources and Civil Engineering Northeastern University State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Civil Engineering Shijiazhuang Tiedao University Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Resource Assesment Ministry of Land and Resources Institute of Mineral Resources Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences

Spinel exsolution is widespread in titanomagnetite from the Fe-Ti oxide gabbro of the Panzhihua intrusion, Emeishan Large Igneous Province, SW China. However, little research has been conducted into the implications of patterns in the mineralogical characteristics of the spinel for spatial variation in the controls on the exsolution mechanism and, hence, the formation process of the ore deposit. This study selected the Lanjiahuoshan Ore Block in the Panzhihua V-Ti magnetite deposit to explore this issue, systematically studying exsolution textures in the titanomagnetite through petrographic observation and the integrated use of in-situ microanalysis. The results show that the exsolved spinel gradually becomes finer-grained and less abundant from the center to edge and the bottom to top of the ore bodies. Compositionally, there is an inverse correlation between the size of exsolved spinel grains and their Mg# value. In addition, there is compositional zonation in the spinel interiors, with a gradual increase in the Mg content and decrease in Fe content from the core to the rim. The analysis suggests that fractional crystallization of ferrotitanium magma with a high oxygen fugacity in a shallow magma chamber caused compositional differences in the primary magnetite solid solution in different parts of the Panzhihua intrusion. Additionally, the thermal evolution of the magnetite solid solution differed in different parts of orebody, bringing about variations in spinel development. Together, these effects resulted in spatial variation in the abundance, grain size, and morphology of spinel in different parts of the orebody and intrusion that follows an identifiable distribution law. Furthermore, the compositional zonation of exsolved spinels reflects the rapid growth of exsolution features in a high-temperature environment. Thus, the size, morphology, abundance, and composition of spinel exsolution features in titanomagnetite provide a valuable petrogenetic tool for esti

关键词： spinel exsolution mineralogical characteristics compositional zonation mineralization process Panzhihua Sichuan

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Gut liver brain axis in diseases:the implications for therapeutic interventions

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 79-104页

作者： Mengyao Yan Shuli Man Benyue Sun Long Ma Lanping Guo Luqi Huang wenyuan gao State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety Key Laboratory of Industrial MicrobiologyMinistry of EducationTianjin Key Laboratory of Industry MicrobiologyNational and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation TechnologyChina International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal ChemistryCollege of BiotechnologyTianjin University of Science&Technology300457 TianjinChina National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences100700 BeijingChina Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery&High-Efficiency School of Pharmaceutical Science and TechnologyTianjin UniversityWeijin Road300072 TianjinChina

Gut-liver-brain axis is a three-way highway of information interaction system among the gastrointestinal tract,liver,and nervous *** the past few decades,breakthrough progress has been made in the gut liver brain axis,mainly through understanding its formation mechanism and increasing treatment *** this review,we discuss various complex networks including barrier permeability,gut hormones,gut microbial metabolites,vagus nerve,neurotransmitters,immunity,brain toxic metabolites,β-amyloid(Aβ)metabolism,and epigenetic regulation in the gut-liver-brain *** therapies containing antibiotics,probiotics,prebiotics,synbiotics,fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT),polyphenols,low FODMAP diet and nanotechnology application regulate the gut liver brain ***,some special treatments targeting gut-liver axis include farnesoid X receptor(FXR)agonists,takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5(TGR5)agonists,glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)receptor antagonists and fibroblast growth factor 19(FGF19)*** gut-brain axis embraces cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT),antidepressants and tryptophan metabolism-related *** liver-brain axis contains epigenetic regulation and Aβmetabolism-related *** the future,a better understanding of gut-liver-brain axis interactions will promote the development of novel preventative strategies and the discovery of precise therapeutic targets in multiple diseases.

关键词： metabolism therapeutic immunity

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Growth Pattern and Its Indication of Spheroidal Nano-Micro Crystal Aggregates of Pyrite in the Baiyunpu Pb-Zn Polymetallic Deposit, Central Hunan

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2014年第6期88卷 1770-1783页

作者： gao Shang HUANG Fei GU Xiangping LI Xiangyou MENG Lin LIU Rui SUN Li gao wenyuan YU Huantao College of Resources and Civil Engineering Northeastern University School of Geosciences and Info-Physics Institute Central South University Yunxiang Mining Limited Company

The Baiyunpu deposit lies in the southwest plunging Dachengshan anticline in central Hunan, which is a large Pb-Zn polymetallic deposit. The orebodies were surrounded by the Qiziqiao Formation limestone in the Middle Devonian, and its geological occurrence is consistent with the wall rocks. A large number of spheroidal pyrite aggregates are found unevenly distributed in the ores. The spheroidal aggregates are made up of kernels and concentric rings. The kernels are composed of approximately epigranular pyrite nanocrystals, while the rings are composed of accumulated pyrite microcrystals growing along the radial direction. The spheroidal pyrite aggregate and its outer zones can be divided into five areas（A–E）. The results of electron probe micro analysis（EPMA） show that from the zone A1 to B, Co/Ni 〈1, the sum of Co and Ni is 0.08%–0.26%, S/Fe increases from 2.06 to 2.15. While from the zone C to E, Ni cannot be detected and S/Fe decreases from 2.22 to 2.08. Powder X-ray diffraction（XRD） analysis in the micro zone shows obvious crystalline characteristics in the aggregates. Moving from the inside outwards, the maximum diffraction peak intensity of the（111） and（220） crystal planes of pyrite increases, and the crystallinity improves. The degree of change in the（111） plane is the most prominent. Considering the theory of crystal growth along with the geologic features of the depositional environment where the spheroidal pyrite aggregates developed, we confirm that the spheroidal aggregates are the result of nano-micro crystalline gathering and growth occurring by the following sequence of processes：nano-crystalline nucleation and growth, gathering into a ball, oriented growth of microcrystals, continuous accumulation, and adjustment of grain boundaries. The formation of the spheroidal pyrite aggregates in the late Qiziqiao Formation of the Middle Devonian occurred in a neutral to weak alkaline and reductive sedimentary environment in the normal oxygen-rich shallowwater

关键词： Baiyunpu Pb-Zn polymetallic deposit pyrite nano-micro crystal spheroidal aggregates growth pattern indication significance

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Experimental Study of Dissolution-Alteration of Amphibole in a Hydrothermal Environment

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2019年第6期93卷 1933-1946页

作者： LI Yongli HUANG Fei gao wenyuan TANG Xu REN Yaqun MENG Lin ZHANG Zhibin Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines and School of Resources and Civil EngineeringNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Electron Microscope Laboratory Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

Amphibole is a rock-forming mineral widely existing on the *** is easily dissolved and altered during the later stage of diagenesis and mineralization,and often forms chloritization,which is an important indicator for *** explore amphibole's dissolution process and alteration mechanism,dissolution experiments were carried out under acidic conditions using pargasite-rich amphibole as raw material,and the effects of temperature,p H,and experiment duration on amphibole alteration were *** samples and products were analyzed using X-ray diffractometer,field emission scanning electron microscope,electron probe micro analyzer,and transmission electron *** was found that many pores and erosion edges are produced after amphibole dissolution,and there is a clear interface between the dissolved residual portion and the *** dissolved residual portion remains in the amphibole phase,but as the temperature and time increase,the intensity of the diffraction peak of the phase in the product decreases,and the peak position shifts to a small *** clay minerals such as chlorite and griffithite formed on the amphibole *** an environment with strong acidity(p H=3),the amount of chamosite increases with temperature(180℃→210℃→240℃),whereas clinochlore is only increased in a 150–210℃*** growth was observed in the acidic(p H=6)and low temperature(<180℃)*** on this analysis,large radius Cl–enters the amphibole lattice or cracks to promote *** Al-poor and Ca-and Fe-rich regions between the edge and core of the amphibole are caused by dynamic equilibrium in amphibole dissolution and alteration process,which is an essential indicator for the beginning of amphibole *** and the coupled dissolution-reprecipitation mechanism accomplishes the process of dissolution and alteration to form clay *** energy of the system determined by temperature and p H

关键词： hydrothermal environment amphibole dissolution-alteration chlorite griffithite

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Study on the morphology, crystalline structure and thermal properties of yam starch acetates with different degrees of substitution

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Science China Chemistry 2008年第9期51卷 859-865页

作者： WANG Xu gao wenyuan ZHANG LiMing XIAO PeiGen YAO LiPing LIU Yi LI KeFeng XIE WeiGuang School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China College of Bioengineering Tianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin 300457China Institute of Medicine Plant Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100094China College of Chinese Medicine Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 300193China

This study was carried out to understand and establish the changes in physicochemical properties of starch extracted from Chinese yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.) after acetylation. Yam starch acetates with different degrees of substitution (DS) were prepared by the reaction of yam starch with glacial acetic acid/acetic anhydride using sulfuric acid as the catalyst. Their formation was confirmed by the presence of the carbonyl signal around 1750 cm?1 in the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra. The thermal behavior of the native starch and starch acetate were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results reveal that the starch acetates are more thermally stable than the native starch. The starch esters showed 50% weight loss at temperatures from 328°C to 372°C, while the native starch underwent 50% weight loss at 325°C. The glass transition temperature (T g) of the starch decreased from 273°C to 226°c. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns could be classified as typical of the C-type for yam starch. X-ray diffraction also showed the loss of the ordered C-type starch crystalline structure and the degree of crystallinity of starch decreased from 36.10% to 10.96% with the increasing DS. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) suggested that the most of the starch granules disintegrated with many visible fragments with the increasing DS.

关键词： yam starch acetate physicochemical characterization

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