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Pollutant emissions from biomass burning:A review on emission characteristics,environmental impacts,and research perspectives

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Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 296-309页

作者： Ke Jiang Ran Xing Zhihan Luo wenxuan huang Fan Yi Yatai Men Nan Zhao Zhaofeng Chang jinfeng Zhao Bo Pan Guofeng shen College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing100871China Beijing Key Lab Plant Resources Research and Development Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing100048China College of Ecology and Environment Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China Facultyof Environmental Sciences and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyYunnan Provincial Key Laboratoryof Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution ControlKunming650500China Institute of Carbon Neutrality Peking UniversityBeijing100871China

Biomass is one most abundant resource on the earth providing important energies in support of so-cioeconomic development in many areas.Burning of biomass fuels comprises to nearly 10%of the total energy from anthropogenic combustion processes:however,as the burning is usually incomplete,this process yields products of incomplete combustion posing consequently significant impacts on air quality,human health,and climate change.Here,we analyzed spatiotemporal characteristics in intentional and unintentional biomass burning from different sectors,discussed impacts of biomass burning emissions on indoor and outdoor air quality,and consequent influences on human health.The global total con-sumption amount of biomass including both natural and anthropogenic sources was approximately 7900 Tg in 2019,with significantly large regional and sectorial discrepancies among regions.Globally,anthropogenic biomass burning amounts increased gradually,but notably in some developing countries like China residential consumption of biomass fuels,as one large sector of biomass use,decreased over time.Uncommercial biomass consumption needs to be accurately quantified.There are relatively rich datasets of pollutant emission factors from biomass burning,including laboratory and field tests,but still large variations exit and contribute substantially to the uncertainty in emission inventory.Global pri-mary PM2.5,black carbon and organic carbon emissions from biomass burning were about 51,4.6,and 29 Tg,respectively,contributing to nearly 70%,55%,and 90%of the total emission from all sources,and emissions from the residential sector and open fires are major sources.Brown carbon emissions from biomass burning attracts growing interests but available studies adopted different methodologies challenging the comparability of those results.Biomass burning emissions polluted not only ambient air but more severely indoor air quality,adversely affecting human health.Future studies that should be emphasized and promoted are suggested.

关键词： Biomass burning Carbonaceous aerosol Emission Air quality Human health

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IoTDQ: An Industrial IoT Data Analysis Library for Apache IoTDB

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2024年第1期7卷 29-41页

作者： Pengyu Chen Wendi He wenxuan Ma Xiangdong huang Chen Wang School of Software Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Software(NERCBDS) Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

There is a growing demand for time series data analysis in industry areas.Apache loTDB is a time series database designed for the Internet of Things(loT)with enhanced storage and I/O performance.With User-Defined Functions(UDF)provided,computation for time series can be executed on Apache loTDB directly.To satisfy most of the common requirements in industrial time series analysis,we create a UDF library,loTDQ,on Apache loTDB.This library integrates stream computation functions on data quality analysis,data profiling,anomaly detection,data repairing,etc.loTDQ enables users to conduct a wide range of analyses,such as monitoring,error diagnosis,equipment reliability analysis.It provides a framework for users to examine loT time series with data quality problems.Experiments show that loTDQ keeps the same level of performance compared to mainstream alternatives,and shortens I/O consumption for Apache loTDB users.

关键词： industrial big data data quality data mining and analytics

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Mitophagy in intracerebral hemorrhage:a new target for therapeutic intervention

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 316-323页

作者： Yiyang Chen wenxuan Tang Xinqi huang Yumei An Jiawen Li Shengye Yuan Haiyan Shan Mingyang Zhang Institute of Forensic Sciences Suzhou Medical CollegeSoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina Shanghai Key Lab of Forensic Medicine Key Lab of Forensic ScienceMinistry of Justice(Academy of Forensic Science)ShanghaiChina Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina

Intracerebral hemorrhage is a life-threatening condition with a high fatality rate and severe sequelae.However,there is currently no treatment available for intracerebral hemorrhage,unlike for other stroke subtypes.Recent studies have indicated that mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy likely relate to the pathophysiology of intracerebral hemorrhage.Mitophagy,or selective autophagy of mitochondria,is an essential pathway to preserve mitochondrial homeostasis by clearing up damaged mitochondria.Mitophagy markedly contributes to the reduction of secondary brain injury caused by mitochondrial dysfunction after intracerebral hemorrhage.This review provides an overview of the mitochondrial dysfunction that occurs after intracerebral hemorrhage and the underlying mechanisms regarding how mitophagy regulates it,and discusses the new direction of therapeutic strategies targeting mitophagy for intracerebral hemorrhage,aiming to determine the close connection between mitophagy and intracerebral hemorrhage and identify new therapies to modulate mitophagy after intracerebral hemorrhage.In conclusion,although only a small number of drugs modulating mitophagy in intracerebral hemorrhage have been found thus far,most of which are in the preclinical stage and require further investigation,mitophagy is still a very valid and promising therapeutic target for intracerebral hemorrhage in the long run.

关键词： intracerebral hemorrhage mitochondrial dysfunction mitophagy neuroinflammation neuroprotection reactive oxygen species secondary brain injury therapeutic target

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Utilization of DTAB as a collector for the reverse flotation separation of quartz from fluorapatite

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2022年第3期29卷 446-454页

作者： Wenbiao Liu wenxuan huang Feng Rao Zhanglei Zhu Yongming Zheng Shuming Wen Faculty of Land and Resource Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China School of Zijin Mining Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China R&D center Yunnan Yuntianhua Co.Ltd.Kunming 650228China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xi’an University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710054China

Reverse flotation desilication is an indispensable step for obtaining high-grade fluorapatite. In this work, dodecyltrimethylammoni- um bromide (DTAB) is recommended as an efficient collector for the reverse flotation separation of quartz from fluorapatite. Its collectivity for quartz and selectivity for fluorapatite were also compared with figures corresponding to the conventional collector dodecylamine hydrochlor- ide (DAC) via microflotation experiments. The adsorption behaviors of DTAB and DAC on minerals were systematically investigated with surface chemical analyses, such as contact angle determination, zeta potential detection, and adsorption density measurement. The results re- vealed that compared to DAC, DTAB displayed a similar and strong collectivity for quartz, and it showed a better selectivity (or worse col- lectivity) for fluorapatite, resulting in a high-efficiency separation of the two minerals. The surface chemical analysis results showed that the adsorption ability of DTAB on the quartz surface was as strong as that of DAC, whereas the adsorption amount of DTAB on the fluorapatite surface was much lower than that of DAC, which is associated with the flotation performance. During the floatation separation of the actual ore, 8wt% fluorapatite with a higher grade can be obtained using DTAB in contrast to DAC. Therefore, DTAB is a promising collector for the high-efficiency purification and sustainable utilization of valuable fluorapatite recourses.

关键词： fluorapatite desilication dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide adsorption

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Mechanisms of allicin exposure for the sludge fermentation enhancement:Focusing on the fermentation processes and microbial metabolic traits

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第5期34卷 253-264页

作者： Feng Wang Jingyang Luo Shiyu Fang wenxuan huang Yunqi Zhang Le Zhang Xiaoshi Cheng Wei Du Fang Fang Jiashun Cao Yang Wu Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes Ministry of EducationHohai UniversityNanjing 210098China College of Environment Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

As a frequently used product with antimicrobial activity,consumed allicin might be dis-charged and concentrated in waste-activated sludge(WAS).However,the influence of al-licin(as an exogenous pollutant)on WAS fermentation has not been clearly revealed.This study aimed to disclose the impacts of allicin on volatile fatty acid(VFA)generation dur-ing WAS fermentation.The results showed that the appropriate presence of allicin(10 mg/g TSS)significantly enhanced the VFA yield(1894 versus 575 mg COD/L in the control)with increased acetate proportion(24.3%).Further exploration found that allicin promoted WAS solubilization,hydrolysis and acidification simultaneously.Metagenomic analysis revealed that the key genes involved in extracellular hydrolysis metabolism(i.e.,CAZymes),mem-brane transport(i.e.,gtsA and ytfT),substrate metabolism(i.e.,yhdR and pfkC)and fatty acid synthesis(i.e.,accA and accD)were all highly expressed.Allicin also induced the bacteria to produce more signalling molecules and regulate cellular functions,thereby enhancing the microbial adaptive and regulatory capacity to the unfavourable environment.Moreover,the variations in fermentative microbes and their contributions to the upregulation of func-tional genes(i.e.,ytfR,gltL,INV,iolD and pflD)for VFA generation were disclosed.Overall,the simultaneous stimulation of functional microbial abundances and metabolic activities contributed to VFA production in allicin-conditioned reactors.

关键词： Allicin Waste activated sludge(WAS) Anaerobic fermentation Metagenomic analysis Functional genes

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New insights into different surfactants’impacts on sludge fermentation:Focusing on the particular metabolic processes and microbial genetic traits

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第8期16卷 221-234页

作者： Jingyang Luo Shiyu Fang wenxuan huang Feng Wang Le Zhang Fang Fang Jiashun Cao Yang Wu Dongbo Wang Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes Ministry of EducationHohai UniversityNanjing 210098China College of Environment Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

Surfactants were expected to exhibit positive effects on the waste activated sludge(WAS)disposal.However,the systematic comparison of different categories of surfactants on the WAS fermentation and the functional mechanisms,especially microbial metabolic traits,have not yet been precisely explored.This study revealed the positive effects of different surfactants on the volatile fatty acid(VFA)production,which followed the order of alkyl polysaccharides(APG)>sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate(SDBS)>hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(HTAB).Mechanistic exploration found that the presence of different surfactants improved solubilization and hydrolysis steps,and then contributed to the subsequent acidification with different efficiencies.The functional microorganisms associated with VFA generation were enriched in surfactant-conditioned reactors.Metagenomic analysis further indicated that the key genes involved in the particular process of VFA generation were over-expressed.The simultaneous bioavailable substrate improvement,functional bacterial enrichment,and metabolic activity upregulation induced by different surfactants jointly contributed to VFA promotion during WAS fermentation.This study could provide a comprehensive realization of surfactants’impacts on theWAS fermentation process,and more importantly,it reminded the public to discern the distinct interplaying effects induced by different chemicals in regulating the WAS disposal and resource recovery.

关键词： Waste activated sludge(WAS) Volatile fatty acids(VFA) Surfactant types Functional microorganisms Metabolic activity upregulation

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Linkages of volatile fatty acids and polyhexamethylene guanidine stress during sludge fermentation:Metagenomic insights of microbial metabolic traits and adaptation

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2023年第6期34卷 172-177页

作者： Feng Wang Wei Du wenxuan huang Shiyu Fang Xiaoshi Cheng Leiyu Feng Jiashun Cao Jingyang Luo Yang Wu Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes Ministry of EducationHohai UniversityNanjing 210098China College of Environment Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

The massive use of polyhexamethylene guanidine(PHMG),as a typical bactericidal agent,raised environmental concerns to the public.This work comprehensively revealed the hormesis effects of PHMG occurred in waste activated sludge(WAS)on the generation of volatile fatty acids(VFAs)during anaerobic fermentation.The low level of PHMG(100 mg/g TSS)significantly promoted the VFAs generation(1283 mg COD/L,compared with 337 mg COD/L in the control)via synchronously facilitating the solubilization,hydrolysis,and acidification steps but inhibiting methanogenesis.Metagenomic analysis showed that the functional anaerobe(i.e.,Bacteroides,Macellibacteroide and Parabacteroide)and corresponding genetic expressions responsible for extracellular hydrolysis(i.e.,clp P),membrane transport(i.e.,ffh and gsp F),intracellular substrates metabolism(i.e.,ald and paa F)and VFAs biosynthesis(i.e.,ACACA and FASN)were enhanced in the optimal presence of PHMG.Moreover,the anaerobic species could respond and adapt to low PHMG stimuli via quorum sensing(i.e.,cqs A,rpf C and rpf G),and thus maintain the high microbial metabolic activities.However,they were unable to tolerate the toxicity of excessive PHMG,resulting in the extremely low VFAs production.This work enlightened the effects of emerging pollutants on WAS fermentation at the genetic levels,and provided guidance on the WAS treatment and resource recovery.

关键词： Polyhexamethylene guanidine(PHMG) Waste activated sludge(WAS) Volatile fatty acids(VFAs) Metabolic pathways Adaptive mechanisms

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2023年第4期34卷 396-401页

作者： Jingyang Luo Yuxiao Li wenxuan huang Feng Wang Shiyu Fang Xiaoshi Cheng Qian Feng Fang Fang Jiashun Cao Yang Wu Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes Ministry of EducationHohai UniversityNanjing 210098China College of Environment Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

The distinct influences of cephalosporins(CEPs, i.e., cefamandole nafate and cefpirome sulfate) affiliated to different generations on the volatile fatty acids(VFAs) production and antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs) fates during waste activated sludge(WAS) fermentation were unveiled. The presence of CEPs mainly exhibited negative effects on the total VFAs production(5%–15% reduction), especially the cefamandole nafate, which is quite different to previous understanding. Further investigation revealed that the CEPs contributed to the solubilization and hydrolysis but inhibited the acidification process by affecting the functional microbial populations(i.e., Tissierella) and general microbial metabolic activities(i.e., pyruvate metabolism and VFAs biosynthesis). In addition, CEPs(especially the cefpirome sulfate)caused the propagation of ARGs(i.e., bla TEM, tet X and mex F) during WAS fermentation. CEPs enhanced the cell membrane permeability to promote the antibiotics mechanism of efflux pump and the horizontal transfer of ARGs. Also, the CEPs altered the regulatory systems(i.e., two component system) and microbial populations associated with ARGs, resulting in the proliferation of specific ARGs. Overall, the dissimilarity of different CEPs impacts on the WAS fermentation for VFAs production and ARGs variations enlightened the diverse environmental behaviors of anthropogenic pollutants and evoked the caution of ecological risks.

关键词： Wasteactivated sludge(WAS) Cephalosporins(CEPs) Volatilefattyacids(VFAs) Antibiotic resistancegenes(ARGs) Geneticexpressions

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MALE STERILITY 3 encodes a plant homeodomain-finger protein for male fertility in soybean

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第5期64卷 1076-1086页

作者： Jingjing Hou Weiwei Fan Ruirui Ma Bing Li Zhihui Yuan wenxuan huang Yueying Wu Quan Hu Chunjing Lin Xingqi Zhao Bao Peng Limei Zhao Chunbao Zhang Lianjun Sun State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology Beijing Key Laboratory for Crop Genetic Improvementand College of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Soybean Research Institute the National Engineering Research Center for SoybeanJilin Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangchun 130033China Jiamusi Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Jiamusi 154007China

Male-sterile plants are used in hybrid breeding to improve yield in soybean(Glycine max(L.)Merr.).Developing the capability to alter fertility under different environmental conditions could broaden germplasm resources and simplify hybrid production.However,molecular mechanisms potentially underlying such a system in soybean were unclear.Here,using positional cloning,we identified a gene,MALE STERILITY 3(MS3),which encodes a nuclear-localized protein containing a plant homeodomain(PHD)-finger domain.A spontaneous mutation in ms3 causing premature termination of MS3 translation and partial loss of the PHD-finger.Transgenetic analysis indicated that MS3 knockout resulted in nonfunctional pollen and no selfpollinated pods,and RNA-seq analysis revealed that MS3 affects the expression of genes associated with carbohydrate metabolism.Strikingly,the fertility of mutant ms3 can restore under longd conditions.The mutant could thus be used to create a new,more stable photoperiod-sensitive genic male sterility line for two-line hybrid seed production,with significant impact on hybrid breeding and production.

关键词： fertility restoration male sterililty PHD-finger photoperiod soybean

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基于高阶间断伽辽金方法的两相流数值模拟

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南京航空航天大学学报 2024年第2期56卷 273-280页

作者：黄健健欧阳文轩吕宏强南京航空航天大学航空学院南京210016

基于高阶间断伽辽金方法对可压缩两相流问题进行了数值求解。计算区域采用非结构网格划分,对于欧拉方程以及Level Set方程分别使用牛顿法以及龙格库塔方法进行迭代求解,并通过统一算法进行数据交换,实现统一框架下Level Set方程在可压... 详细信息

基于高阶间断伽辽金方法对可压缩两相流问题进行了数值求解。计算区域采用非结构网格划分,对于欧拉方程以及Level Set方程分别使用牛顿法以及龙格库塔方法进行迭代求解,并通过统一算法进行数据交换,实现统一框架下Level Set方程在可压缩流场中的求解。最后,通过经典二维算例对本文所提算法展开验证。通过Zalesak圆盘等算例验证了算法的高分辨率、质量守恒性及其在处理大变形问题上的优势,然后对左行激波通过氦气气泡的数值模拟,验证了本文算法对流场两相流界面复杂形状的高精度捕捉能力。

关键词：间断伽辽金可压缩流场两相流 Level Set 界面捕捉

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