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Preparation and properties of tungsten-doped indium oxide thin films

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Rare Metals 2012年第2期31卷 158-163页

作者： Li, Yuan wang, wenwen Zhang, Junying wang, Rongming Department of Physics Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Beijing 100191 China

Tungsten-doped indium oxide (IWO) thin films were deposited on glass substrate by DC reactive magnetron sputtering. The effects of sputtering power and growth temperature on the structure, surface morphology, optical and electrical properties of IWO thin films were investigated. The thickness and surface morphology of the films are both closely dependent on the sputtering power and the substrate temperature. The transparency of the films decreases with the increase of the sputtering power but is not seriously influenced by substrate temperature. All the IWO thin film samples have high transmittance in near-infrared spectral range. With either the sputtering power or the growth temperature increases, the resistivity of the film decreases at the beginning and increases after the optimum parameters. The as-deposited IWO films with minimum resistivity of 6.4 10 4 cm were obtained at a growth temperature of225 C and sputteringpower of 40 W, with carrier mobility of 33.0 cm 2 V 1 s 1 and carrier concentration of 2.8 10 20 cm 3 and the average transmittance of about 81% in near-infrared region and about 87% in visible region.

关键词： In 2 O 3 : W thin film DC magnetron sputtering substrate temperature sputtering current optical and electrical properties

Application of Digital Twin in Smart Battery Management Systems

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2021年第4期34卷 1-19页

作者： wenwen wang Jun wang Jinpeng Tian Jiahuan Lu Rui Xiong Advanced Energy Storage and Application Group National Engineering Laboratory for Electric VehiclesSchool of Mechanical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Lithium-ion batteries have always been a focus of research on new energy vehicles,however,their internal reactions are complex,and problems such as battery aging and safety have not been fully *** view of the research and preliminary application of the digital twin in complex systems such as aerospace,we will have the opportunity to use the digital twin to solve the bottleneck of current battery ***,this paper arranges the development history,basic concepts and key technologies of the digital twin,and summarizes current research methods and challenges in battery modeling,state estimation,remaining useful life prediction,battery safety and ***,based on digital twin we describe the solutions for battery digital modeling,real-time state estimation,dynamic charging control,dynamic thermal management,and dynamic equalization control in the intelligent battery management *** also give development opportunities for digital twin in the battery *** we summarize the development trends and challenges of smart battery management.

关键词： Digital twin Battery management system Battery model Remaining useful life prediction Dynamic control

Initial identification of heavy metals contamination in Taihu Lake, a eutrophic lake in China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第9期24卷 1539-1548页

作者： Xia Jiang wenwen wang Shuhang wang Bo Zhang Jiachen Hu Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection of Lake Pollution Control Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science Beijing 100012 China School of Forestry Northeast Forestry University Harbin 150040 China

A detailed investigation of seven heavy metals （Cu, Cd, Cr, As, Pb, Zn, Ni） in the water column, interstitial water and surface sediment was conducted to quantify the extent of their contamination in Taihu Lake. Results showed the average total concentrations ranged from 0.93μg/L for Cd to 47.03 μg/L for Zn. The dissolved concentrations in the overlying water ranged from 0.06μg/L for Cd to 15.86 μg/L for Zn. The metals in the Taihu Lake surface water were primarily in the particulate phase, especially for Cd, whose particulate concentration represented 94.3% of the total. In the surface sediment, the mean concentrations for Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb were 41.50, 28.72, 27.82, 65.46, 5.94, 0.82 and 41.17 mg/kg, respectively. The metals in the water column and sediments of Taihu Lake displayed significant spatial variations, and the higher metal concentrations mainly occurred in the north and west of Taihu Lake, especially in Zhushan Bay and West Taihu Lake. A quality assessment indicated that most of the metals in the surface water of Taihu Lake had no or low adverse health effects on organisms, except for Pb and Cu, which may cause chronic toxicity. Compared with the ＂Consensus-Based Sediment Quality Guidelines＂, the polluting metals were Cr, Ni and Cd, and the polluted regions were confined to Zhnshan Bay, Meiliang Bay and the west of Taihu Lake, especially for north of Zhushan Bay. The polluted areas for Cr, Ni and Cd were 14.36, 34.70 and 13.24 km2, respectively. We suggest that Cr, Ni, and Cd in the polluted areas should be addressed and that tissue chemistry and sediment toxicity assessments be performed as soon as possible.

关键词： Taihu Lake water sediment heavy metal assessment

Level set band method: A combination of density-based and level set methods for the topology optimization of continuums

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2020年第3期15卷 390-405页

作者： Peng WEI wenwen wang Yang YANG Michael Yu wang School of Civil Engineering and Transportation State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building ScienceSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina

The level set method(LSM),which is transplanted from the computer graphics field,has been successfully introduced into the structural topology optimization field for about two decades,but it still has not been widely applied to practical engineering problems as density-based methods *** of the reasons is that it acts as a boundary evolution algorithm,which is not as flexible as density-based methods at controlling topology *** this study,a level set band method is proposed to overcome this drawback in handling topology changes in the level set *** scheme is proposed to improve the continuity of objective and constraint functions by incorporating one parameter,namely,level set band,to seamlessly combine LSM and density-based method to utilize their *** proposed method demonstrates a flexible topology change by applying a certain size of the level set band and can converge to a clear boundary representation *** method is easy to implement for improving existing LSMs and does not require the introduction of penalization or filtering factors that are prone to numerical *** 2D and 3D numerical examples of compliance minimization problems are studied to illustrate the effects of the proposed method.

关键词： level set method topology optimization density-based method level set band

Synthesis,Characterization and Photocatalytic Activity of TiO_2 Film/Bi_2O_3 Microgrid Heterojunction

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2011年第1期27卷 59-63页

作者： Liugang wang Junying Zhang Chunzhi Li Hailing Zhu wenwen wang Tianmin wang School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Multi-photon Entanglement and Manipulation Department of Physics Weifang CollegeWeifang 261061China

TiO2 film modified by Bi2O3 microgrid array was successfully fabricated by using a microsphere lithography *** structure and morphology of TiO2 film,Bi2O3 film and TiO2 film/Bi2O3 microgrid heterojunction were characterized through X-ray diffraction,atomic force microscopy and scanning electron *** optical transmittance spectra and the photocatalytic degradation capacity of these samples to rhodamine B were determined via ultraviolet-visible *** results indicated that the coupled system showed higher photocatalytic activity than pure TiO2 and Bi2O3 films under xenon lamp *** enhancement of the photocatalytic activity was ascribed to the special structure,which could improve the separation of photo-generated electrons and holes,enlarge the surface area and extend the response range of TiO2 film from ultraviolet to visible region.

关键词： Thin films TiO2 Bi2O3 microgrid Photocatalysis

Molecular simulation of oligomer inhibitors for calcite scale

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Particuology 2012年第3期10卷 266-275页

作者： Qiuyu Zhang Hua Ren wenwen wang Junping Zhang Hepeng Zhang School of Science Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China

Molecular simulation was performed to study the interaction between CaCO3 crystal and several oligomer inhibitors, by using the equilibrium morphology method to calculate the growth morphology of CaCO3 without inhibitors. The calculated morphology agreed well with SEM photographs. Then, a double-layer model was built to investigate the interaction between calcite crystal and oligomer inhibitors containing maleic anhydride （MA） and acrylic acid （AA）. Interaction energy per gram of an oligomer inhibitor was introduced as a scale of inhibition efficiency of different monomers. The results indicated that, for calcite scale inhibition, acrylamide （AM） and vinyl phosphonic acid （VPA） were the most efficient monomers, while allylsulfonic acid （AS） was the poorest. Increasing proportion of AM in dimer inhibitor molecule would improve the inhibition efficiency of MA, though, for a trimer, such as MA-AA-AM, certain sequence of monomers in the inhibitor molecule was necessary besides higher proportion of AM.

关键词： Molecular simulationCrystal morphology Interaction energy Scale inhibitorScale inhibition efficiency

Agar-derived nitrogen-doped porous carbon as anode for construction of cost-effective lithium-ion batteries

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2023年第8期34卷 370-375页

作者： Tong wang Jingquan Sha wenwen wang Yuhan Ji Zhi-Ming Zhang Institute for New Energy Materials&Low Carbon Technologies School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and MaterialsJining UniversityQufu 273100China

Balancing cost and performance of porous carbon(PC)as anode for lithium-ion battery(LIBs)is the key to effectively promote commercial ***,low-cost N-doped PC(NPC-Ts,T=600,750 and 900°C)were facilely prepared in batches via one-pot pyrolysis of agar with different carbonization *** NPC-750 with specific surface area of 2914 m^(2)/g and N content of 2.84%exhibits an ultrahigh reversible capacity of 1019 mAh/g at 0.1 A/g after 100 cycles and 837 mAh/g at 1 A/g after 500 ***,the resulting LIBs exhibit an ultrafast charge-discharge feature with a remarkable capacity of 281 mAh/g at 10 A/g and a superlong cycle life with a capacity retention of 87%after 5000 cycles at 10 A/*** with LiFePO_(4)cathode,the fabricated lithium-ion full cells possess high capacity,excellent rate and cycling performances(125 mAh/g at 100 mA/g,capacity retention of 95%,after 220 cycles),highlighting the practicability of this NPC-750 as the anode materials.

关键词： Agar Porous carbon N-doping Anode Lithium-ion battery

A scalable versatile methodology to construct micro/nano open-cell polypropylene foam with high oil adsorption capacity and speed

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2814-2823页

作者： Chenguang Yang Dechang Tao Kun Yan Zhiyao Li Qingshi Guo wenwen wang Dong wang Key Laboratory of Textile Fiber and Products(Wuhan Textile University) Ministry of EducationWuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200China College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620China

Oil pollution is a serious environmental and natural resource *** adsorption materials for oil–water separation have limitations in terms of their preparation cost,reusability,and mechanical *** the conventional adsorption materials,super-hydrophobic/super-lipophilic materials are easily contaminated by *** this study,polypropylene(PP)is used as a foam substrate to prepare an open-cell PP foam via hot pressing,supercritical CO_(2) foaming,and electron beam(EB)*** impact of EB irradiation dose on the open-cell content of PP foam can lead to cell wall rupture,resulting in an open-cell structure that enhances oil-water separation *** an absorbed radiation dose of 200 kGy,the PP foams exhibit optimal oil–water separation performance,cyclic compression stability,heat insulation,and preparation *** open-cell content of PP foam is increased to 86.5%,the adsorption capacity for diesel oil is 42.8 g/g,and the adsorption efficiency remains at 99.6%after 100 cycles of oil desorption in a complex pH ***,cracks and nano-voids simultaneously promote the capillary action of oil,and the oil transport rate is 0.0713 g/(g·s).This study provides a new concept for the preparation of open-cell polymer foams that can meet the demand for high oil-absorption capacity under complex acid-base pH conditions.

关键词： open-cell polypropylene(PP)foam electron beam irradiation oil/water separation cyclic compression complex acid-base pH conditions

Effects of dopant content on optical and electrical properties of In_2O_3: W transparent conductive films

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Rare Metals 2012年第2期31卷 168-171页

作者： Zhang, Yuanpeng Li, Yuan Li, Chunzhi wang, wenwen Zhang, Junying wang, Rongming School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Beijing 100191 China

The In 2 O 3 : W (IWO) films with different W content were deposited on glass substrate using direct current sputtering method. The structure, surface morphology, and optical and electrical properties were investigated. Results showed that both the carrier concentration and carrier mobility were increased with the doping of W. The IWO film with the lowest resistivity of 1.0×10 3 cm, highest carrier mobilityof 43.7 cm 2 V 1 s 1 and carrier concentration of 1.4×10 20 cm 3 was obtained at the content of 2.8 wt.%. The average optical transmittance from 300 nm to 900 nm reached 87.6%.

关键词： In 2 O 3 : W thin film doping content DC magnetron sputtering optical and electrical properties