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Genomic convergence underlying high-altitude adaptation in alpine plants

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2023年第7期65卷 1620-1635页

作者： Xu Zhang Tianhui Kuang Wenlin Dong Zhihao Qian Huajie Zhang Jacob BLandis Tao Feng Lijuan Li Yanxia Sun Jinling Huang Tao Deng Hengchang Wang Hang Sun CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture The Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan Botanical GardenWuhan 430074China Center of Conservation Biology Core Botanical GardensThe Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074China Yunnan International Joint Laboratory for Biodiversity of Central Asia Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East AsiaKunming Institute of BotanyThe Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Integrative Plant Science Section of Plant Biology and the L.H.Bailey HortoriumCornell UniversityIthacaNew York 14850USA BTI Computational Biology Center Boyce Thompson InstituteIthacaNew York 14853USA State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Department of Biology East Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNorth Carolina 27858USA

Evolutionary convergence is one of the most striking examples of adaptation driven by natural selection.However, genomic evidence for convergent adaptation to extreme environments remains scarce.Here, we assembled reference genomes of two alpine plants, Saussurea obvallata(Asteraceae)and Rheum alexandrae(Polygonaceae), with 37,938 and 61,463 annotated protein-coding genes. By integrating an additional five alpine genomes,we elucidated genomic convergence underlying high-altitude adaptation in alpine plants. Our results detected convergent contractions of diseaseresistance genes in alpine genomes, which might be an energy-saving strategy for surviving in hostile environments with only a few pathogens present.We identified signatures of positive selection on a set of genes involved in reproduction and respiration(e.g., MMD1, NBS1, and HPR), and revealed signatures of molecular convergence on genes involved in self-incompatibility, cell wall modification,DNA repair and stress resistance, which may underlie adaptation to extreme cold, high ultraviolet radiation and hypoxia environments. Incorporating transcriptomic data, we further demonstrated that genes associated with cuticular wax and flavonoid biosynthetic pathways exhibit higher expression levels in leafy bracts, shedding light on the genetic mechanisms of the adaptive “greenhouse” morphology. Our integrative data provide novel insights into convergent evolution at a high-taxonomic level,aiding in a deep understanding of genetic adaptation to complex environments.

关键词： adaptation alpine plants evolutionary rates genomic convergence “greenhouse”morphology high altitude

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A cytoprotective graphene oxide-polyelectrolytes nanoshell for single-cell encapsulation

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2021年第2期15卷 410-420页

作者： Luanying He Yulin Chang Junhao Zhu Ying Bi wenlin An Yiyang dong Jia-Hui Liu Shihui Wang College of Life Science and Technology Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Graphene oxide(GO)has been increasingly utilized in the fields of food,biomedicine,environment and other fields because of its benign biocompatible.We encapsulated two kinds of GO with different sizes on yeast cells with the assistance of polyelectrolytes poly(styrene sulfonic acid)sodium salt(PSS)and polyglutamic acid(PGA)(termed as Y@GO).The result does not show a significant difference between the properties of the two types of Y@GO(namely Y@GO1 and Y@GO2).The encapsulation layers are optimized as Yeast/PGA/PSS/PGA/GO/PGA/PSS based on the morphology,dispersity,colony-forming unit,and zeta potential.The encapsulation of GO increases the roughness of the yeast.It is proved that the Y@GO increases the survival time and enhance the activity of yeast cells.The GO shell improves the resistance of yeast cells against pH and salt stresses and extends the storage time of yeast cells.

关键词： GO yeast polyelectrolyte cytoprotection nanomaterials

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Effective Microstructure Unit in Control of Impact Toughness in CGHAZ for High Strength Bridge Steel

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2018年第1期33卷 177-184页

作者：杨秀芝张李超史玉升 YU Shengfu dong Chunfa HUA wenlin LI Xuan State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China Institute of Mechanical Engineering Hubei Polytechnic University Huangshi 435003 China Institute of Mechanical Engineering Wuhan Textile University Wuhan 430073China

The high strength bridge steel was processed with the simulated coarse grain heat affected zone（CGHAZ） thermal cycle with heat input varying from 30 to 60 kJ/cm, the microstructures were investigated by means of optical microscope（OM）, scanning electron microscope（SEM）, electron backscattering diffraction（EBSD） and transmission electron microscope（TEM）, and the impact properties were evaluated from the welding thermal cycle treated samples. The results indicate that the microstructure is primarily composed of lath bainite. With decreasing heat input, both bainite packet and block are significantly refined, and the toughness has an increasing tendency due to the grain refinement. The fracture surfaces all present cleavage or fracture for the samples with different heat inputs. Moreover, the average cleavage facet size for the CGHAZ is nearly equal to the average bainite packet size and the bainitic packet boundary can strongly impede the crack propagation, indicating that the bainitic packet is the most effective unit in control of impact toughness in the simulated CGHAZ of high strength bridge steel.

关键词： heat affected zone （HAZ） impact toughness EBSD bainite

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Synergistic band convergence and defect engineering boost thermoelectric performance of SnTe

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第27期86卷 204-209页

作者： Ximeng dong wenlin Cui Wei-Di Liu Shuqi Zheng Lei Gao Luo Yue Yue Wu Boyi Wang Zipei Zhang Liqiang Chen Zhi-Gang Chen State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing College of New Energy and MaterialsChina University of PetroleumBeijing 120049PR China State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing College of ScienceChina University of PetroleumBeijing 102249PR China Centre for Future Materials University of Southern QueenslandSpringfield CentralQueensland 4300Australia School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueensland 4072Australia State Key Laboratory of Advanced Power Transmission Technology Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute Co.Ltd.Changping DistrictBeijing 102211PR China Beijing Key Laboratory of Failure Corrosion and Protection of Oil/gas Facilities and Department of Materials Science and EngineeringCollege of New Energy and MaterialsChina University of PetroleumBeijing 102249PR China

As an eco-friendly thermoelectric material,Sn Te has attracted extensive attention.In this study,we use a stepwise strategy to enhance the thermoelectric performance of Sn Te.Firstly,Ag Cl is doped into Sn Te to realize band convergence and enlarge the band gap of Ag Cl-doped Sn Te.Ag Cl-doping also induces dense point defects,strengthens the phonon scattering,and reduces the lattice thermal conductivity.Secondly,Sb is alloyed into Ag Cl-doped Sn Te to further optimize the carrier concentration and simultaneously reduce the lattice thermal conductivity,leading to improved thermoelectric dimensionless figure of merit,ZT.Finally,(Sn_(0.81)Sb_(0.19)Te)_(0.93)(Ag Cl)_(0.07)has approached the ZT value as high as~0.87 at 773 K,which is 272%higher than that of pristine Sn Te.This study indicates that stepwise Ag Cl-doping and Sb-alloying can significantly improve thermoelectric performance of Sn Te due to synergistic band engineering,carrier concentration optimization and defect engineering.

关键词： Thermoelectric SnTe Stepwise optimize Band structure Lattice thermal conductivity

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Exploring HONO formation and its role in driving secondary pollutants formation during winter in the North China Plain

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环境科学学报:英文版 2023年第10期132卷 83-97页

作者： Shaobin Zhang Guo Li Nan Ma Yao He Shaowen Zhu Xihao Pan Wenlin Dong Yanyan Zhang Qingwei Luo Jeannine Ditas Uwe Kuhn Yuxuan Zhang Bin Yuan Zelong Wang Peng Cheng Juan Hong Jiangchuan Tao Wanyun Xu Ye Kuang Qiaoqiao Wang Yele Sun Guangsheng Zhou Yafang Cheng Hang Su Institute for Environmental and Climate Research Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 511443China Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality Guangzhou 511443China Max Planck Institute for Chemistry Mainz 55128Germany School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather&Key Laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric CompositionChinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Gucheng Experimental Station of Ecological and Agricultural Meteorology Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China

Daytime HONO photolysis is an important source of atmospheric hydroxyl radicals(OH).Knowledge of HONO formation chemistry under typical haze conditions,however,is still limited.In the Multiphase chemistry experiment in Fogs and Aerosols in the North China Plain in 2018,we investigated the wintertime HONO formation and its atmospheric implications at a rural site Gucheng.Three different episodes based on atmospheric aerosol loading levels were classified:clean periods(CPs),moderately polluted periods(MPPs)and severely polluted periods(SPPs).Correlation analysis revealed that HONO formation via heteroge.neous conversion of NO_(2)was more efficient on aerosol surfaces than on ground,highlighting the important role of aerosols in promoting HONO formation.Daytime HONO budget analysis indicated a large missing source(with an average production rate of 0.66±0.26,0.97±0.47 and 1.45±0.55 ppbV/hr for CPs,MPPs and SPPs,respectively),which strongly correlated with photo-enhanced reactions(NO_(2)heterogeneous reaction and particulate nitrate photolysis).Average OH formation derived from HONO photolysis reached up to(0.92±0.71),(1.75±1.26)and(1.82±1.47)ppbV/hr in CPs,MPPs and SPPs respectively,much higher than that from O3 photolysis(i.e.,(0.004±0.004),(0.006±0.007)and(0.0035±0.0034)ppbV/hr).Such high OH production rates could markedly regulate the atmospheric oxidation capacity and hence promote the formation of secondary aerosols and pollutants.

关键词： HONO North China Plain Budget analysis OH radicals

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等通道转角挤压7075铝合金动态再结晶组织晶粒度预报与性能分析

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机械工程学报 2014年第6期50卷 87-93页

作者：杨栋陈文琳吴跃合肥工业大学材料科学与工程学院合肥230009

采用等通道转角挤压(Equal channel angular pressing,ECAP)对7075铝合金试样进行挤压,利用有限元软件对ECAP的连续动态再结晶组织晶粒度预报,探索模拟分析与试验分析相结合的方法,研究7075铝合金ECAP过程的组织晶粒变化规律,并对ECAP... 详细信息

采用等通道转角挤压(Equal channel angular pressing,ECAP)对7075铝合金试样进行挤压,利用有限元软件对ECAP的连续动态再结晶组织晶粒度预报,探索模拟分析与试验分析相结合的方法,研究7075铝合金ECAP过程的组织晶粒变化规律,并对ECAP后的试样与初始样进行室温拉伸力学性能测试和采用扫描电镜断口形貌观察。模拟结果表明:经过一道次ECAP后试样的晶粒大小明显细化,从初始的40μm减小到24.6μm。采用ECAP法挤压7075铝合金试验,试样的头部P1、中部P2和尾部P3三处晶粒尺寸分别为23.8μm、23.7μm、23.9μm,三处晶粒尺寸非常相近。对比模拟预报与试验分析结果表明:两者在晶粒细化程度上吻合良好;经过一道次ECAP之后,拉伸断裂强度从初始的548 MPa增加到619 MPa,断面收缩率从初始的7.1%增加到10.6%,断口韧窝为深且大的等轴韧窝,强度和塑性均明显提高。

关键词：组织晶粒度预报等通道转角挤压连续动态再结晶 7075铝合金

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Cryotherapy for cirrhosis-based hepatocellular carcinoma： a single center experience from 1595 treated cases

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Frontiers of Medicine 2015年第1期9卷 63-71页

作者： Guanghua Rong wenlin Bai Zheng dong Chunping Wang Yinying Lu Zhen Zeng Jianhui Qu Min Lou Hong Wang Xudong Gao Xiujuan Chang Linjing An Yan Chen Yongping Yang Center of Therapeutic Research for Hepatoeellular Carcinoma the 302 Hospital Beijing 100039 China

Cryoablation is a less prevalent percutaneous ablative therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）, and current evidence about its usefulness is limited. We report our experience in treating 1595 HCC cases with percutaneous cryoablation to give a comprehensive profile about the effectiveness, safety and long-term outcome of this therapy. From January 2003 to December 2013, 1595 patients with 2313 HCC nodules were ablated with 2958 cryoablation sessions in our center. Complete ablation was achieved in 1294 patients for 1893 nodules with a mean diameter of 3.4 ＋ 2.2 cm. The complete ablation rate was 81.2%, 99.4%, 94.4%, and 45.6% in all tumors, tumors 〈 3 cm, tumors 〈 5 cm, and tumors 〉 5 cm, respectively. Major complications were observed after 80 （3.4%） of the 2958 cryoablations and minor complications were observed after 330 cryoablations with no treatment-related deaths. After a median follow-up of 33.4 months, 937 patients developed different types of recurrence. The 5- and 10-year overall survival was 25.7% and 9.2%, respectively. Cryoablation showed reliable safety and efficacy and should be considered as a promising technique, particularly when a large zone of ablation is required.

关键词： hepatocellular carcinoma percutaneous cryoablation efficacy safety

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医养高度融合理念下的建筑实践研究

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当代建筑 2023年第5期 39-43页

作者：张远平官东欧阳文麟中国建筑西南设计研究院有限公司中国建筑西南设计研究院有限公司医疗健康建筑设计研究中心

我国老龄化社会的快速发展对传统医养分离的养老模式提出了严峻的挑战。供需脱节的现象促使医养结合——一种切合老年人需求的养老模式快速发展,并从单一服务转向综合系统服务。医养结合包括“医”和“养”两个要素,以“合”的方式对资... 详细信息

我国老龄化社会的快速发展对传统医养分离的养老模式提出了严峻的挑战。供需脱节的现象促使医养结合——一种切合老年人需求的养老模式快速发展,并从单一服务转向综合系统服务。医养结合包括“医”和“养”两个要素,以“合”的方式对资源进行重新统筹,强调“养”的同时,保障“医”的可及性。医养要素的深度融合,保障了老年人应急救治、常规诊疗,以及持续、完整的全生命周期治疗服务。设计师应从医养高度融合的理念和老年人的需求出发,将核心设计要素落位在医养建筑的设计实践中。

关键词：医养结合医养综合体场所营造要素整合

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方向纵联保护对LCC-HVDC逆变侧交流线路的适应性分析

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电力系统保护与控制 2018年第18期46卷 33-40页

作者：王栋高厚磊李文琳刘震电网智能化调度与控制教育部重点实验室(山东大学) 山东济南250061

基于电压、电流故障分量的方向纵联保护原理广泛应用于交流线路的主保护。由于LCC-HVDC逆变侧交流线路具有不同于纯交流系统的故障特性,方向纵联保护能否继续适用需加以分析。首先,分析了逆变站三种不同的工作状态(未发生换相失败、发... 详细信息

基于电压、电流故障分量的方向纵联保护原理广泛应用于交流线路的主保护。由于LCC-HVDC逆变侧交流线路具有不同于纯交流系统的故障特性,方向纵联保护能否继续适用需加以分析。首先,分析了逆变站三种不同的工作状态(未发生换相失败、发生单次换相失败、发生连续换相失败)对方向纵联保护的影响。其次,分析了逆变侧三种典型的交流出线结构(单回线单输电走廊、单回线多输电走廊、多回线输电走廊)对方向纵联保护的影响。最后,基于±800 kV天中直流系统(包括逆变侧500 kV交流出线)PSCAD仿真模型,验证了研究结论的正确性。

关键词：方向纵联保护 LCC-HVDC 逆变侧交流线路适应性

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基于表面及迎风面改性的锯齿翅片强化传热研究

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制冷学报 2023年第6期44卷 92-99页

作者：张西龙侯硕张永亮董文林房玉宝青岛理工大学机械与汽车工程学院青岛266520

为了在提高锯齿型翅片散热器换热性能的同时尽量控制压降损失的增大,本文采用数值模拟的方法对锯齿型翅片性能进行研究,分析了不同翅片表面、迎风面结构及尺寸参数对传热Nu、流动压降损失Δp以及综合性能η的影响规律。结果表明:无论翅... 详细信息

为了在提高锯齿型翅片散热器换热性能的同时尽量控制压降损失的增大,本文采用数值模拟的方法对锯齿型翅片性能进行研究,分析了不同翅片表面、迎风面结构及尺寸参数对传热Nu、流动压降损失Δp以及综合性能η的影响规律。结果表明:无论翅片表面设置何种形状凹槽和凸起对传热的影响差异较小,但圆形凹槽和凸起对压降损失的增加最少,综合性能最优。在翅片表面设置圆形凹槽和凸起的基础上继续将翅片两端迎风面改为圆形,可使传热提高的同时减小压降损失,综合性能最多提高12.2%。圆形凹槽和凸起尺寸R=0.15 mm时,传热和压降损失的平衡达到最佳,与传统锯齿型翅片相比,平均压降损失基本不变,传热和综合性能平均提高均为8.7%。

关键词：锯齿型翅片表面传热系数强化传热结构参数

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