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Effects of heterogeneous reaction with NO_(2) on ice nucleation activities of feldspar and Arizona Test Dust

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第5期127卷 210-221页

作者： Lanxiadi Chen Chao Peng Jingchuan Chen Jie Chen wenjun gu Xiaohong Jia Zhijun Wu Qiyuan Wang Mingjin Tang State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources UtilizationGuangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and ControlGuangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science Guangzhou 510640China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary GeologyInstitute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China

Mineral dust is an important type of ice nucleating particles in the troposphere;however,the effects of heterogeneous reactions on ice nucleation(IN)activities of mineral dust remain to be elucidated.A droplet-freezing apparatus(guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Ice Nucleation Apparatus,GIGINA)was developed in thiswork to measure IN activities of atmospheric particles in the immersion freezingmode,and its performancewas validated by a series of experimental characterizations.This apparatus was then employed to measure IN activities of feldspar and Arizona Test Dust(ATD)particles before and after heterogeneous reaction with NO_(2)(10±0.5 ppmv)at 40%relative humidity.The surface coverage of nitrate,θ(NO_(3)^(−)),increased to 3.1±0.2 for feldspar after reaction with NO_(2) for 6 hr,and meanwhile the active site density per unit surface area(ns)at-20℃ was reduced from 92±5 to<1.0 cm^(−2) by about two orders of magnitude;however,no changes in nitrate content or IN activities were observed for further increase in reaction time(up to 24 hr).Both nitrate content and IN activities changed continuously with reaction time(up to 24 hr)for ATD particles;after reaction with NO_(2) for 24 hr,θ(NO_(3)^(−))increased to 1.4±0.1 and ns at-20℃ was reduced from 20±4 to 9.7±1.9 cm^(−2) by a factor of∼2.Our work suggests that heterogeneous reaction with NO_(2),an abundant reactive nitrogen species in the troposphere,may significantly reduce IN activities of mineral dust in the immersion freezing mode.

关键词： Ice nucleation Mineral dust Heterogeneous reaction Nitrogen oxides Aerosol-cloud interaction

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Heterogeneous reaction of NO_(2) with feldspar, three clay minerals and Arizona Test Dust

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第8期130卷 65-74页

作者： Mingjin Tang Xiaohong Jia Lanxiadi Chen wenjun gu Chengpeng Huang FuWang Lan Luo Hongli Wang Xinming Wang Chao Peng State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilizationand Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and ControlGuangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science Guangzhou 510640China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Longhua Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shenzhen Shenzhen 518109China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex Shanghai Academy of Environmental SciencesShanghai 200233China

Heterogeneous reaction of NO_(2) with mineral dust aerosol may play important roles in troposphere chemistry,and has been investigated by a number of laboratory studies.However,the influence of mineralogy on this reaction has not been well understood,and its impact on aerosol hygroscopicity is not yet clear.This work investigated heterogeneous reactions of NO_(2)(∼10 ppmv)with K-feldspar,illite,kaolinite,montmorillonite and Arizona Test Dust(ATD)at room temperature as a function of relative humidity(<1%to 80%)and reaction time(up to 24 hr).Heterogeneous reactivity towards NO_(2) was low for illite,kaolinite,montmorillonite and ATD,and uptake coefficients of NO_(2),γ(NO_(2)),were determined to be around or smaller than 1×10^(−8);K-feldspar exhibited higher reactivity towards NO_(2),and CaCO_(3) is most reactive among the nine mineral dust samples considered in this and previous work.After heterogeneous reaction with NO_(2) for 24 hr,increase in hygroscopicity was nearly insignificant for illite,kaolinite and montmorillonite,and small but significant for K-feldspar;in addition,large increase in hygroscopicity was observed for ATD,although the increase in hygroscopicity was still smaller than CaCO_(3).

关键词： Mineral dust Heterogeneous reaction Hygroscopicity Mineralogy Nitrogen oxides Nitrate

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Hygroscopic properties of sodium and potassium salts as related to saline mineral dusts and sea salt aerosols

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第9期32卷 65-72页

作者： Huanhuan Zhang wenjun gu Yong Jie Li Mingjin Tang State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of MacaoAvenida da UniversidadeTaipaMacaoChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China

Mineral dust,soil,and sea salt aerosols are among the most abundant primary inorganic aerosols in the atmosphere,and their hygroscopicity affects the hydrological cycle and global climate.We investigated the hygroscopic behaviors of six Na-and K-containing salts commonly found in those primary organic aerosols.Their hygroscopic growths as a function of relative humidity(RH) agree well with thermodynamic model prediction.Temperature dependence of deliquescence RH(DRH) values for five of those salts was also investigated,which are comparable to those in literature within 1%-2% RH,most showing negative dependence on temperature.Hygroscopic growth curves of real-world soil and sea salt samples were also measured.The hygroscopic growths of two more-hydroscopic saline soil samples and of sea salt can be predicted by the thermodynamic model based on the measured water-soluble ionic composition.The substantial amounts of water-soluble ions,including Na+and K+,in saline soil samples imply that even nascent saline soil samples are quite hygroscopic at high-RH(>80%) conditions.For three less-hygroscopic dust samples,however,measurements showed higher water uptake ability than that predicted by the thermodynamic model.The small amount of water taken up by less-hygroscopic dust samples suggests that dust particles might contain thin layers of water even to very low RH.The results of this study provide a comprehensive characterization of the hygroscopicity of Na-and K-containing salts as related to their roles in the hygroscopic behaviors of saline mineral dusts and sea salt aerosols.

关键词： prediction. salts dust

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在哲學與經驗之間的生命認知:書法之“氣”的審美表達及拓展

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书法研究 2024年第2期 5-27,193页

作者：叢文俊吉林大學古籍研究所

在古代書論中,“氣”是一種特殊的存在。從宏觀的哲理,到書法藝術生命形式的普遍認知,再到技法運用和點畫字形的關聯性,“氣”的作用無可替代。随着詞義的不斷引申,“氣”最終泛化而成某些書家或作品的風格指向,或者象徵,因而具備了易... 详细信息

在古代書論中,“氣”是一種特殊的存在。從宏觀的哲理,到書法藝術生命形式的普遍認知,再到技法運用和點畫字形的關聯性,“氣”的作用無可替代。随着詞義的不斷引申,“氣”最終泛化而成某些書家或作品的風格指向,或者象徵,因而具備了易知易解的通用性。在這方面,與之經常組合的“神”“骨”“血”等詞語很難與其比擬,由此突出了“氣”在古代書論中的重要地位。與此同時,“氣”之原始,名爲元氣、精氣,剖分而别爲陰陽;元氣是孕化萬物的生命之母,而陰陽變化則爲具體生命形式之所以然,包括特性、规律、美感生成等。如此,易文化與陰陽觀則随氣而行,遍及書法的各個環節,使書法實踐、審美與批評表達成爲崇高、深邃、微妙而極具親和性。

关键词：混元陰陽生命形式審美對象人格化泛化

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Shallow Feature-driven Dual-edges Localization Network for Weakly Supervised Localization

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Machine Intelligence Research 2023年第6期20卷 923-936页

作者： wenjun Hui guanghua gu Bo Wang School of Information Science and Engineering Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao066000China Hebei Key Laboratory of Information Transmission and Signal Processing Qinhuangdao066000China

Weakly supervised object localization mines the pixel-level location information based on image-level annotations.The traditional weakly supervised object localization approaches exploit the last convolutional feature map to locate the discriminative regions with abundant semantics.Although it shows the localization ability of classification network,the process lacks the use of shallow edge and texture features,which cannot meet the requirement of object integrity in the localization task.Thus,we propose a novel shallow feature-driven dual-edges localization(DEL)network,in which dual kinds of shallow edges are utilized to mine entire target object regions.Specifically,we design an edge feature mining(EFM)module to extract the shallow edge details through the similarity measurement between the original class activation map and shallow features.We exploit the EFM module to extract two kinds of edges,named the edge of the shallow feature map and the edge of shallow gradients,for enhancing the edge details of the target object in the last convolutional feature map.The total process is proposed during the inference stage,which does not bring extra training costs.Extensive experiments on both the ILSVRC and CUB-200-2011 datasets show that the DEL method obtains consistency and substantial performance improvements compared with the existing methods.

关键词： Weakly supervised object localization edge feature mining edge of shallow feature map edge of shallow gradients similarity measurement

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平面端射圆极化天线进展综述

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南京邮电大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第1期44卷 1-12页

作者：吕文俊顾珊珊殷弋帆张文海南京邮电大学江苏省无线通信重点实验室江苏南京210003 苏州大学电子信息学院江苏苏州215006

全面总结了平面端射圆极化天线的发展历程和重要突破。以正交磁偶极子和平面互补振子两大核心工作原理为主线,深入剖析平面端射圆极化天线的一般性设计方法,阐明其形态演变规律,详细介绍了平面端射圆极化天线的宽带设计技术、波束调控... 详细信息

全面总结了平面端射圆极化天线的发展历程和重要突破。以正交磁偶极子和平面互补振子两大核心工作原理为主线,深入剖析平面端射圆极化天线的一般性设计方法,阐明其形态演变规律,详细介绍了平面端射圆极化天线的宽带设计技术、波束调控技术以及高增益设计技术等研究现状,最后探讨平面端射圆极化天线的可能发展方向,用于指导该领域的科学研究和工程设计。

关键词：平面端射圆极化天线圆极化天线端射天线低剖面天线

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不同种源和家系红皮云杉细根形态与生物量垂直分布特征

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植物研究 2024年第3期44卷 380-388页

作者：高艳如王军辉麻文俊王福德安三平谷加存东北林业大学林学院森林生态系统可持续经营教育部重点实验室哈尔滨150040 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所林木遗传育种全国重点实验室国家林业和草原局林木培育重点实验室北京100091 黑龙江省林业科学研究所哈尔滨150081 甘肃省小陇山林业科学研究所甘肃省次生林培育重点实验室天水741022

为揭示不同种源和家系红皮云杉(Picea koraiensis)细根(直径≤2 mm)形态和生物量垂直分布特征,以黑龙江省林口县青山林场4个种源(纬度从低到高分别为穆棱、林口、金山屯、乌伊岭)30个家系的24年生红皮云杉试验林为研究对象,采用根钻法... 详细信息

为揭示不同种源和家系红皮云杉(Picea koraiensis)细根(直径≤2 mm)形态和生物量垂直分布特征,以黑龙江省林口县青山林场4个种源(纬度从低到高分别为穆棱、林口、金山屯、乌伊岭)30个家系的24年生红皮云杉试验林为研究对象,采用根钻法研究了不同土壤深度(h)(表层:0

关键词：红皮云杉种源家系细根形态细根生物量

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基体分离-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定高纯二氧化锗中痕量硅

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冶金分析 2024年第2期44卷 82-86页

作者：郑华荣樊红杰肖世健肖芳顾雯珺王佳扬州杰嘉检测技术有限公司

高纯二氧化锗的纯度直接影响光纤四氯化锗和区熔锗锭的品质。有色金属行业标准YS/T 37.2—2018将高纯二氧化锗样品置于铂金坩埚中，放置于密闭蒸发器中进行消解后，再转移至防尘手套箱内，采用钼蓝分光光度法测定硅的含量，方法流程长... 详细信息

高纯二氧化锗的纯度直接影响光纤四氯化锗和区熔锗锭的品质。有色金属行业标准YS/T 37.2—2018将高纯二氧化锗样品置于铂金坩埚中，放置于密闭蒸发器中进行消解后，再转移至防尘手套箱内，采用钼蓝分光光度法测定硅的含量，方法流程长，操作繁琐。本文试验了在超净实验室中，将高纯二氧化锗试料置于聚四氟乙烯烧杯中，用12 mL盐酸于120℃下将其溶解完全后，继续加热至基体呈四氯化锗形态蒸发除尽，而硅杂质富集在样品溶液中，再使用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定硅，建立了基体分离-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定高纯二氧化锗中痕量硅的方法。校准曲线线性范围为0.02～0.20μg/mL,相关系数为0.999 1;方法中硅的检出限为0.016μg/g。按照实验方法测定3个高纯二氧化锗中痕量硅，测定结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=7)小于6%,加标回收率为91%～102%。

关键词：基体分离电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES) 高纯二氧化锗硅超净实验室

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蒸汽吸附分析仪在气溶胶吸湿性研究中的应用

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大气与环境光学学报 2024年第1期19卷 1-21页

作者：顾文君袁野陈兰夏迪曹亚楠彭超唐明金安徽省人工影响天气办公室安徽合肥230031 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院安徽光学精密机械研究所大气物理化学研究室安徽合肥230031 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室广东广州510640 广东省环境科学研究院大气环境研究所广东广州510045 粤港澳生态环境科学中心大气光化学联合研究实验室广东广州511363

吸湿性是大气颗粒物最重要的物理化学性质之一,直接影响着实际大气条件下气溶胶的粒径、形貌、成分、化学反应活性和光学性质,从而最终影响着气溶胶的环境与气候效应。现有的吸湿性测量技术大多需要假设颗粒物为球形,且灵敏度较低,无法... 详细信息

吸湿性是大气颗粒物最重要的物理化学性质之一,直接影响着实际大气条件下气溶胶的粒径、形貌、成分、化学反应活性和光学性质,从而最终影响着气溶胶的环境与气候效应。现有的吸湿性测量技术大多需要假设颗粒物为球形,且灵敏度较低,无法准确测定非球形颗粒物或吸湿性较低颗粒物的吸湿性。蒸汽吸附分析仪通过测量颗粒物的质量随相对湿度的变化来研究其吸湿性,这种新方法不仅对颗粒物的形貌没有要求,而且具有卓越的灵敏度。本文首先介绍了这种气溶胶吸湿性测量新方法的工作原理和技术特点,然后重点介绍了这种新方法在大气科学、地球与行星科学、医用气溶胶等多个领域中的应用。最后,在简要总结蒸汽吸附分析仪在大气颗粒物吸湿性研究上的优越性和局限性的基础上,对未来可开展的吸湿性研究工作提出了一些设想。

关键词：吸湿性蒸汽吸附分析仪大气科学地球与行星科学医用气溶胶

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Biomineralized CO gas-releasing nanoprodrug for endoplasmic reticulum stress mediated cancer therapy

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Nano Research 2023年第5期16卷 7373-7382页

作者： Rui gu Wanlan Yang Lifei Han Chao Liu Yatao Xu Yunlong Liu Weili Si wenjun Wang Xiaochen Dong Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics(KLOFE)&Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM) Nanjing Tech University(NanjingTech)Nanjing 211816China School of Physical Science and Information Technology Liaocheng UniversityLiaocheng 252059China Breast Disease Center.Zhongda Hospital School of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210009China School of Chemistry&Materials Science Jiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou 221116China

The anti-tumor effect of therapeutic carbon monoxide(CO)has been considered concerning the electron transport chain on the inner mitochondrial membrane.Herein,a tumor microenvironment and photo-responsive CO nanoplatform Ca-Flav nanoparticles(NPs)were constructed through biomineralizing acryloyl-modified flavonol,which could release CO both in normoxia and hypoxia conditions upon irradiation at tumor lesion.The in vitro experiments demonstrated that the endoplasmic reticulum stress-related signal pathways could be activated through oxidative stress caused by CO mediated mitochondrial biogenesis and calcium ion turbulence induced by Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)acidolysis,resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction and cell apoptosis.In addition,the Ca-Flav NPs exhibited excellent biocompatibility and tumor inhibition effect in vivo.This work provides new insight into the potential characteristics of CO,paving a new way to engineer more efficient treatment based on CO.

关键词： carbon monoxide gas therapy mitochondrial endoplasmic reticulum

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