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核酸等温扩增技术在病毒检测中的应用

高等学校化学学报 2024年第7期45卷 1-17页

作者：肖航王小燕邓兆佳廖文静谢文菁彭汉勇中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境化学与生态毒理学国家重点实验室北京100085 中国科学院大学北京100049 中国科学院大学杭州高等研究院环境学院杭州310024

病毒是引发人类疾病的主要病原体之一.传统的聚合酶链式反应(PCR)技术虽然被广泛应用于病毒分子诊断,但其对温度的要求较为严格,限制了其在现场诊断中的应用.为了满足现场快速诊断的需求,核酸等温扩增技术得到快速发展,其无需热循环,可... 详细信息

病毒是引发人类疾病的主要病原体之一.传统的聚合酶链式反应(PCR)技术虽然被广泛应用于病毒分子诊断,但其对温度的要求较为严格,限制了其在现场诊断中的应用.为了满足现场快速诊断的需求,核酸等温扩增技术得到快速发展,其无需热循环,可以在恒定温度下实现核酸扩增,可适应不同的应用场景.本文综合评述了等温扩增技术在病毒检测领域的最新进展,从病毒样本采集、核酸提取、等温扩增检测等几个方面分别进行阐述,探讨了酶辅助等温扩增技术、无酶等温扩增技术以及与多体系串联的级联扩增技术的原理、关键参数及其病毒检测应用,并对比了市场上相关试剂盒的特点.此外,讨论了当前核酸等温扩增技术在病原体检测应用中面临的一些难题,如提取效率、稳定性和成本等,提出了未来的发展方向,为进一步改善现场诊断效率提供了新的思路.

关键词：等温扩增技术 CRISPR检测核酸扩增环境病毒病毒提取

Performance investigation of a low-power Hall thruster fed on iodine propellant

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第6期26卷 140-148页

作者：徐宗琦王平阳蔡东升谭睿姜文静 Institute of Engineering Thermophysics School of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China

The common propellants used for electric thrusters, such as xenon and krypton, are rare, expensive,and difficult to acquire. Solid iodine attracts much attention with the advantages of low cost,extensive availability, low vapor pressure, and ionization potential. The performance of a lowpower iodine-fed Hall thruster matched with a xenon-fed cathode is investigated across a broad range of operation conditions. Regulation of the iodine vapor's mass flow rates is stably achieved by using a temperature control method of the iodine reservoir. The thrust measurements are finished utilizing a thrust target during the tests. Results show that thrust and anode-specific impulse increase approximately linearly with the increasing iodine mass flow *** the nominal power of 200 W class, iodine mass flow rates are 0.62 and 0.93 mg/s, thrusts are7.19 and 7.58 m N, anode specific impulses are 1184 and 826 s, anode efficiencies are 20.8%and 14.5%, and thrust to power ratios are 35.9 and 37.9 m N/k W under the conditions of 250 V,0.8 A and 200 V, 1.0 A, respectively. The operating characteristics of iodine-fed Hall thruster are analyzed in different states. Further work on the measurements of plasma characteristics and experimental optimization will be carried out.

关键词： electric propulsion Hall thruster iodine propellant thrust measurement operating characteristics

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和谐何以可能——胡塞尔论共同世界的构成

哲学分析 2024年第2期15卷 21-32,196页

作者：蔡文菁上海交通大学人文学院哲学系

胡塞尔将完整意义上的先验主体视作一个拥有具体意识生命并关联着世界的单子。现象学单子之间的和谐关涉一个共同世界的构成,它建立在他人构成的基础之上。考察胡塞尔的相关理论可见:自我与他人之间的差异是构成共同世界的必要前提,因... 详细信息

胡塞尔将完整意义上的先验主体视作一个拥有具体意识生命并关联着世界的单子。现象学单子之间的和谐关涉一个共同世界的构成,它建立在他人构成的基础之上。考察胡塞尔的相关理论可见:自我与他人之间的差异是构成共同世界的必要前提,因而和谐应当被理解为现象学单子在交互中完成的意向成就。虽然胡塞尔的现象学理论往往将一致性视作和谐的基本形态特征,但从其思想中可引申出另一种和谐观念,尤其对于共同的文化与价值世界而言,和谐表现为对差异与对立的包容。

关键词：胡塞尔共同世界和谐差异单子

城市发展如何影响青年幸福感?——来自京津沪的经验证据与启示

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中国青年研究 2024年第2期 58-66页

作者：胡文静山东大学生活质量与公共政策研究中心山东大学政治学与公共管理学院

本研究以北京、上海、天津三个超大城市为例,从“城市促进青年发展”的角度出发,围绕青年特点和发展需求,构建了包括发展基础、宜业、宜居、宜育、宜乐5个维度44个具体方面的城市发展综合评价指标体系,运用熵权法计算城市发展综合指数... 详细信息

本研究以北京、上海、天津三个超大城市为例,从“城市促进青年发展”的角度出发,围绕青年特点和发展需求,构建了包括发展基础、宜业、宜居、宜育、宜乐5个维度44个具体方面的城市发展综合评价指标体系,运用熵权法计算城市发展综合指数得分。将2010—2018年CGSS微观数据与城市发展综合指数数据匹配,探究青年幸福感总体情况及变化趋势,测算城市发展的主观福利效应。研究发现:城市青年幸福感呈不断提升趋势,城市综合发展水平与青年幸福感显著正相关,城市综合发展水平对不同阶层青年群体幸福感影响程度存在差异。为促进青年高质量发展并进一步提升其在城市生活的幸福感,应着力凸显青年发展型城市建设、做好普惠型青年发展服务,聚焦青年迫切需求,在推动城市发展中提升青年生活品质,建立健全青年发展型城市动态监测评估机制。

关键词：城市发展城市青年幸福感青年发展型城市

另一种史诗:《有生》的乡土经验、女性书写和抒情变奏

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中国文学批评 2024年第1期 34-40,M0003,M0004页

作者：王文静石家庄市文艺评论家协会石家庄050057

胡学文的长篇小说《有生》以打造“百年中国的生命秘史”为目标,在“生”的总体视野下,深入历史与记忆的缝隙,探索乡土文明语境中的关于生命、生育与生活的困境和出路。从乡土经验、女性书写和抒情表达三个层面分析,可以看出小说与传统... 详细信息

胡学文的长篇小说《有生》以打造“百年中国的生命秘史”为目标,在“生”的总体视野下,深入历史与记忆的缝隙,探索乡土文明语境中的关于生命、生育与生活的困境和出路。从乡土经验、女性书写和抒情表达三个层面分析,可以看出小说与传统意义上宏大叙事的差异,在宋庄的生命经验中映射出百年来中华民族的生存史与心灵史。

关键词：《有生》乡土经验女性书写情表达

Study on the mechanism of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud.- Jujubae Fructus in the treatment of hepatocirrhosis based on network pharmacology

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Asian Journal of Traditional Medicines 2024年第2期19卷 51-65页

作者： Yanqiong Luo Bo Hong Ronghong Liu Yu Zou Yujiao Hou wenjing Li College of Pharmacy Qiqihar Medical UniversityQiqihar 161000HeilongjiangChina

The active components,targets,and pathways of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud.-Jujubae Fructus in treating hepatocirrhosis and the mechanism of action were explored by means of network ***,the active components and related targets of Jujubae Fructus were screened by TCMSP database and standardized by Uniprot *** compounds of Euphorbia fischeriana *** obtained by searching the literature and finally screened by PubChem database,Swiss ADME,and *** targets were obtained through Genecards database,PPI network analysis was conducted on common targets of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud.-Jujubae Fructus and hepatocirrhosis by using String database,GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis was conducted through Metascape database by using intersection targets of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud.-Jujubae Fructus and hepatocirrhosis,and the results were drawn by using Weishengxin online drawing ***,the network of drug-compound-target-pathway was constructed by the software of ***,the above results were verified by molecular docking.47 active compounds from Euphorbia fischeriana Steud.-Jujubae Fructus were screened out,which had 38 common targets,162 intersection targets,and 340 signal pathways with hepatocirrhosis,mainly involving hepatitis C,JAK-STAT signal pathway and AGE-RAGE signal ***,such as MAPK1,AKT1,TNF,JUN,IL6 and PTGS2,play important roles in the *** findings suggested that the main active ingredients of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud.-Jujubae Fructus in treating hepatocirrhosis are quercetin,scopolamine,physcion,7-deoxyrangduin,17-Hydroxyjolkinolide A,*** docking results showed that the main active components and core targets might have a good binding *** study preliminarily explored the potential mechanism of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud.-Jujubae Fructus in treating hepatocirrhosis and provided a theoretical basis for the clin

关键词： Euphorbia fischeriana Steud. Jujubae Fructus hepatocirrhosis network pharmacology

The p38/MAPK pathway as a therapeutic target to prevent therapeutic escape of breast cancer stem cells

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年第09期 1867-1880页

作者： Weixiao Yan Xiaotong Wang wenjing Wang Qi Guo Na Huang Hao Chen Xing-Jie Liang Yu Han Dandan Liu Jinchao Zhang State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province Hebei University CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety National Center for Nanoscience and Technology

Cancer stem cells(CSCs) play an important role in metastasis development, tumor recurrence, and treatment resistance, and are essential for the eradication of cancer. Currently, therapies fail to eradicate CSCs due to their therapeutic stress-induced cellular escape, which leads to enhanced aggressive behaviors compared with CSCs that have never been treated. However, the underlying mechanisms regulating the therapeutic escape remain unknown. To this end, we established a model to isolate the therapeutic escaped CSCs(TSCSCs) from breast CSCs and performed the transcription profile to reveal the mechanism. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that the behavior of therapeutic escape was regulated through the p38/MAPK signaling pathway, resulting in TSCSCs exhibiting enhanced motility and metastasis. Notably,blocking the p38/MAPK signaling pathway effectively reduced motility and metastasis ability both in vitro and in vivo, which were further supported by downregulated motility-related genes and epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)-related proteins vimentin and *** obtained findings reveal the p38/MAPK pathway as a potential therapeutic target for TSCSCs and would provide profound implications for cancer therapy.

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A causal multiomics study discriminates the early immune features of Ad5-vectored Ebola vaccine recipients

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The Innovation 2024年第3期5卷 77-87页

作者： Zhe Zhang wenjing Yang Zhengshan Chen Haoang Chi Shipo Wu Wanru Zheng Ruochun Jin Busen Wang Yudong Wang Nan Huo Jinlong Zhang Xiaohong Song Liyang Xu Jun Zhang Lihua Hou Wei Chen Institute of Biotechnology Academy of Military Medical SciencesBeijing 100071China Department of Intelligent Data Science College of Computer Science and TechnologyNational University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Intelligent Game and Decision Lab Academy of Military ScienceBeijing 100091China

The vaccine-induced innate immune response is essential for the generation of an antibody *** date,how Ad5-vectored vaccines are influenced by preexisting anti-Ad5 antibodies during activation of the early immune response remains ***,we investigated the specific alterations in GP1,2-specific IgG-related elements of the early immune response at the genetic,molecular,and cellular levels on days 0,1,3,and 7 after Ad5-EBOV *** a causal multiomics analysis,distinct early immune responses associated with GP1,2-specific IgG were observed in Ad5-EBOV recipients with a low level of preexisting anti-Ad5 *** study revealed the correlates of the Ad5-EBOV-induced IgG response and provided mechanistic evidence for overcoming preexisting Ad5 immunity during the administration of Ad5-vectored vaccines.

关键词： vaccine immunity alterations

基于力学性能和结晶行为探究不同成核剂对聚乳酸性能影响

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复合材料学报 2024年第6期41卷 3168-3181页

作者：吕超罗书品郭文静中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所北京100091

探究杨木纤维作为一种生物基成核剂对聚乳酸(PLA)力学和结晶性能的影响,并与常用的成核剂滑石粉和酰肼化合物对比。分别将杨木纤维(WF)(0.5wt%、1wt%、2wt%、4wt%)、滑石粉(Talc)(1wt%、2wt%、4wt%、8wt%)和酰肼化合物(TMC-300)(0.3wt%... 详细信息

探究杨木纤维作为一种生物基成核剂对聚乳酸(PLA)力学和结晶性能的影响,并与常用的成核剂滑石粉和酰肼化合物对比。分别将杨木纤维(WF)(0.5wt%、1wt%、2wt%、4wt%)、滑石粉(Talc)(1wt%、2wt%、4wt%、8wt%)和酰肼化合物(TMC-300)(0.3wt%、0.5wt%、1wt%、2wt%)在不同含量条件下与PLA进行熔融共混挤出、模压制备复合材料,基于力学性能确定每种成核剂在PLA中的较优添加量,并进一步在较优添加量条件下研究3种成核剂对PLA结晶性能的影响,包括结晶行为、晶体形貌和结构。3种成核剂均能提高PLA的缺口冲击强度,与成核剂Talc和TMC-300相比,添加WF对PLA的拉伸性能和弯曲性能改善效果更为显著,在WF较优添加量条件下(1wt%),复合材料的断裂伸长率、拉伸强度和弯曲强度与纯PLA相比分别提高了27%、17%和18%。采用差示扫描量热法比较3种成核剂对PLA的结晶行为影响,结果表明添加1wt%WF提高了PLA非等温结晶的结晶度,但低于添加1wt%Talc和0.5wt%TMC-300的复合材料结晶度。根据等温结晶动力学分析,WF可以缩短PLA在等温结晶过程的半结晶时间,加快PLA的结晶速率,添加1wt%WF、1wt%Talc和0.5wt%TMC-300后PLA在110℃等温结晶的半结晶时间从23.6 min分别降低至7.2、2.7和1.4 min。热台-偏光显微镜观察结果表明,不同成核剂诱导PLA在110℃等温结晶时的晶体形貌不同,WF、Talc为PLA结晶提供了大量成核位点,促进PLA晶粒微细化,而TMC-300诱导PLA产生纤维束状晶体且结晶速率明显加快,这与等温结晶动力学分析结果一致。蚀刻后的冲击断面形貌也表明,不同形貌的晶体堆积是复合材料的力学性能存在差异的原因之一。X射线衍射结果表明,3种成核剂均能促进PLA产生有序的α晶,其中添加WF时α(110)/(200)晶的衍射峰强度最高,同时WF能显著降低PLA的晶粒尺寸。杨木纤维可以作为PLA的一种生物基成核剂,具有增强和成核的双重作用。本文为进一步优化WF对PLA的成核作用提供基础,也为促进木塑复合材料的绿色发展提供借鉴。

关键词：生物质纤维聚乳酸成核剂生物基复合材料力学性能结晶行为