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SARS-CoV-2 variants,immune escape,and countermeasures

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Frontiers of Medicine 2022年第2期16卷 196-207页

作者： Yi zhang Haocheng zhang wenhong zhang Department of Infectious Diseases National Medical Center for Infectious DiseasesShanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency ResponseHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200040China State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Institute of Biostatistics School of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200040China

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has become a global pandemic disease.SARS-CoV-2 variants have aroused great concern and are expected to continue spreading.Although many countries have promoted rollout vaccination,the immune barrier has not yet been fully established,indicating that populations remain susceptible to infection.In this review,we summarize the literature on variants of concern and focus on the changes in their transmissibility,pathogenicity,and resistance to the immunity constructed by current vaccines.Furthermore,we analyzed relationships between variants and breakthrough infections,as well as the paradigm of new variants in countries with high vaccination rates.Terminating transmission,continuing to strengthen variant surveillance,and combining nonpharmaceutical intervention measures and vaccines are necessary to control these variants.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 vaccine immune escape breakthrough prevention

Injection molding of highly filled microcrystalline cellulose/polycaprolactone composites with the aid of reversible Diels-Alder reaction

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第3期170卷 246-254页

作者： Ze Pu Wang wenhong Ruan MinZhi Rong MingQiu zhang Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of MOE GD HPPC LabIGCMESchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China

To tackle the challenge of producing highly filled polymer composites using the traditional injection molding technique,which is characterized by the fairly high melt viscosity that makes mold filling difficult,the authors propose a solution based on dynamic covalent chemistry.As demonstrated by the proof-of-concept experiments,the 4-arm starshaped polycaprolactone(PCL)oligomers and microcrystalline cel-lulose(MCC)are crosslinked by the reversible Diels-Alder(DA)bonds.The flowability of the compounds greatly decreases due to the dissociation of the intercomponent DA bonds at the retro-reaction tempera-ture,and the networked architecture is reconstructed during cooling as a result of the forward DA reaction.Consequently,the high-loading MCC fillers are well distributed in the matrix and covalently bonded to the nearby PCL,forming a striking contrast to the control in which linear PCL acts as the matrix.The DA bonds crosslinked biodegradable PCL composites exhibit decent mechanical strength(20.7 MPa)even at the MCC fraction of 65 wt%,which is superior to those(5-12.2 MPa)of the highly filled PCL composites(with filler contents of 50-63.8 wt%)reported so far.The proposed approach has sufficient expansibility for the fabrication of the highly filled polymer composites constructed by other types of matrix and fillers.

关键词： Polymer composites Microcrystalline cellulose Polycaprolactone Injection molding Dynamic reversible chemistry

The miR-58 microRNA family is regulated by insulin signaling and contributes to lifespan regulation in Caenorhabditis elegans

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2018年第9期61卷 1060-1070页

作者： Yanping zhang wenhong zhang Mengqiu Dong College of Life Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875 China National Institute of Biological Sciences Beijing 102206 China Beijing Key Laboratory of the Cell Biology of Animal Aging Beijing 102206 China

microRNAs regulate diverse biological processes such as development and aging by promoting degradation or inhibiting translation of their target mRNAs. In this study, we have found that the miR-58 family microRNAs regulate lifespan in C.elegans. Intriguingly, members of the miR-58 family affect lifespan differently, sometimes in opposite directions, and have complex genetic interactions. The abundances of the miR-58 family miRNAs are up-regulated in the long-lived daf-2 mutant in a daf-16-dependent manner, indicating that these miRNAs are effectors of insulin signaling in C. elegans. We also found that miR-58 is regulated by insulin signaling and partially required for the lifespan extension mediated by reduced insulin signaling,germline ablation, dietary restriction, and mild mitochondrial dysfunction. We further identified the daf-21, ins-1, and isw-1 mRNAs as endogenous targets of miR-58. Our study shows that miRNAs function in multiple lifespan extension mechanisms,and that the seed sequence is not the dominant factor defining the role of a miRNA in lifespan regulation.

关键词：信号调整 microRNA 胰岛素家庭 miRNAs 生物过程相互作用机能障碍

Potential benefit of high-dose intravenous vitamin C for coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第1期135卷 23-25页

作者： Bing Zhao Mengjiao Li Yun Ling Yibing Peng Jun Huang Hongping Qu Yuan Gao Yingchuan Li Bijie Hu Shuihua Lu Hongzhou Lu wenhong zhang Enqiang Mao Department of Emergency Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China Department of Infectious Disease Shanghai Public Health Clinical CenterShanghai 201508China Department of Laboratory Medicine Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China Shanghai Institute of Hypertension Shanghai 200025China Department of Critical Care Medicine Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China Department of Critical Care Medicine Renji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200217China Department of Critical Care Medicine The Sixth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200233China Department of Infectious Disease Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Tuberculosis Department of Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center Shanghai 201508China Department of Infectious Disease of Shanghai Huashan Hospital Fudan UniversityShanghai 200040China

The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has been declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization.[1]Most COVID-19 patients exhibit mild to moderate symptoms,while approximately 15%progress rapidly to severe pneumonia,and about 5%eventually develop acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS),[2]which requires mechanical ventilation(MV)and even extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.The mortality of COVID-19 patients who received MV was reported to be as high as 66%.[3]Therefore,the treatments aiming to improve mortality should focus on two aspects:first,prevention of the aggravation of the disease in mild and moderate COVID-19 patients;second,the rescue therapy for patients in serious conditions.We have been applying high-dose intravenous vitamin C(HDIVC)in the treatment of critical illnesses for almost 10 years in our center.Our previous in vivo research showed that HDIVC protected hemorrhagic shock-related multiple organ failure(MOF)by inhibiting inflammatory cytokines and oxidative indicators through activating Sirtuin1 pathway.

关键词： vitamin pneumonia prevention

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酚酸及有机酸辅色对山楂酒贮藏期品质的影响

食品工业科技 2024年第5期45卷 292-300页

作者：蒋文鸿张纯刘素稳常学东中粮长城葡萄酒(蓬莱)有限公司山东烟台265608 河北省燕山特色农业产业技术研究院河北秦皇岛066004 河北科技师范学院食品科技学院河北秦皇岛066604

为了解决山楂酒在贮藏期色泽丢失品质下降的问题,本实验通过构建模拟体系,从8种酚酸及有机酸中选出辅色能力较强的3种酸,通过CIELab颜色系统以及对色度色调、多酚、花色苷及黄酮的测定,综合评价了三种酚酸及有机酸对模拟体系(0~30 d)和... 详细信息

为了解决山楂酒在贮藏期色泽丢失品质下降的问题,本实验通过构建模拟体系,从8种酚酸及有机酸中选出辅色能力较强的3种酸,通过CIELab颜色系统以及对色度色调、多酚、花色苷及黄酮的测定,综合评价了三种酚酸及有机酸对模拟体系(0~30 d)和发酵山楂酒(贮藏时间0~120 d)的影响。结果表明:不同酚酸及有机酸的处理辅色效果不同,模拟体系中不同酚酸及有机酸处理在CIELab颜色系统中对酒体的L^(*)、a^(*)、b^(*)、C^(*)_(ab)和h_(ab)以及色度色调均有较好的作用,阿魏酸和香草酸处理的酒体总酚含量较对照组分别提高了18.00%和20.88%,经对羟基苯甲酸和香草酸处理的模拟体系中花色苷的含量,较对照组分别提高了17.27%和15.74%。在发酵山楂酒贮藏期间,对羟基苯甲酸能显著提高色度(P<0.05),经阿魏酸和香草酸处理的发酵酒总酚含量较对照组分别提高了37.42%和34.44%,经香草酸和对羟基苯甲酸处理的发酵酒花色苷含量较对照组提高了22.93%和6.92%。表明酚酸及有机酸辅色处理能减少色泽和酚类物质的损失,提高山楂酒的品质,对山楂酒具有一定的辅色作用。

关键词：山楂酒贮藏品质酚酸及有机酸模拟体系色泽花色苷

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教育程度、市场化水平与民众公平感

社会科学战线 2024年第3期345卷 176-187页

作者：张文宏李桂兴南开大学社会学院天津300350 上海大学社会学院上海200444

改革开放以来,中国经济在持续高速增长的同时,收入分配不平等问题也日益凸显,民众对收入分配的公平感知成为学界争论的焦点。文章基于2019年中国社会状况综合调查(CSS)的数据,采用分层线性模型,从区域差异的视角研究了中国民众的受教育... 详细信息

改革开放以来,中国经济在持续高速增长的同时,收入分配不平等问题也日益凸显,民众对收入分配的公平感知成为学界争论的焦点。文章基于2019年中国社会状况综合调查(CSS)的数据,采用分层线性模型,从区域差异的视角研究了中国民众的受教育程度与公平感之间的关系。研究发现,民众的受教育程度越高,越对当前社会的收入分配持批判的态度。社会经济地位的上移或者预期上移均会显著提升民众的社会公平感。民众的社会公平感和受教育程度对社会公平感的效应均存在地区异质性。地区市场化水平的提升会削弱民众的受教育程度对社会公平感的负向影响。这一发现对已有研究中的争议进行了解释,并指出在加大人力资本投资的同时,更应重视区域的协调发展,以不断提升民众的公平感。

关键词：受教育程度市场化社会公平感区域差异

AMF siRNA treatment of keloid through inhibition signaling pathway of RhoA/ROCK1

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Genes & Diseases 2019年第2期6卷 185-192页

作者： Yi Tian Lan Jin wenhong zhang Zumeng Ya Yuan Cheng Hongyun Zhao Department of Plastic Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China Department of Neurosurgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China Department of Gastroenterology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China

A keloid(KD)is a benign dermal fibrotic tumor.Treatment of KDs is challenging and the recurrence rate is high;thus,there is an unmet need to explore new target sites and new treatment methods.As a tumor-associated cytokine,autocrine motility factor(AMF)can effectively stimulate the random and directional movement of cells.We first found that AMF was overexpressed in keloid fibroblasts(KFs)and the proliferation and migration of KFs were promoted by AMF stimulation.After treatment with Y-27632,RhoA kinase inhibitor,the proliferation and migration capacity of KFs declined significantly,and type I collagen protein,active RhoA and ROCK1 also were downregulated.In addition,a KD transplantation model was established under the skin of nude mice,with KD intramural injection AMF siRNA,we found that the weight of the KD was smaller than in the control group(P<0.05),KD tissue sections stained by HE and Masson showed that fibers became loose and the blood vessels were visibly reduced.In conclusion,AMF siRNA is expected to be a novel strategy to treat KD by inhibiting signaling pathway of RhoA/ROCK1.

关键词： Autocrine motility factor Keloid RhoA SIRNA Treatment

Nasopharyngeal Local Transcriptional Profile upon SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2.2 Breakthrough Infection

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Infectious Diseases & Immunity 2023年第4期3卷 186-191页

作者： Yi zhang Yang Zhou Yumeng zhang Jiazhen Chen Jing Wu Peng Cui Shiyong Wang Yuanyuan Xu Zhongliang Shen Tao Xu Yang Li Jingwen Ai Ning Jiang Chao Qiu wenhong zhang Department of Infectious Diseases Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency ResponseNational Medical Center for Infectious DiseasesHuashan HospitalShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai 200040China School of Life Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Institutes of Biomedical Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200040China Shanghai Huashen Institute of Microbes and Infections Shanghai 200052China

The Omicron variants have continued to cause severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections.To better understand the anti-viral effects of vaccination on host-virus interactions during the outbreak of BA.2.2 Omicron,we conducted RNA-seq transcriptome analysis on nasopharyngeal swabs from COVID-19 patients in Shanghai.This study was performed on selected cases from unvaccinated,fully vaccinated,and booster groups with the same founder virus infection background.We observed predominant immune cell chemotaxis and interleukin-1 production,as well as mucosal keratinization and epidermis development,in unvaccinated patients.In contrast,fully vaccinated subjects exhibited an obvious T-cell activation in the local immune response,whereas B-cell activation was higher in booster-vaccinated cases.In conclusion,our findings suggest that full or booster vaccination provides better adaptive immunity and relieve inflammation at the nasopharyngeal site,thereby reducing the risk of cytokine storm during breakthrough infection.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Local immune response Transcriptome Inflammation

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高校教师科研网络对科研绩效的影响

济南大学学报（社会科学版） 2024年第4期34卷 99-112,F0002,183页

作者：张文宏袁媛刘飞南开大学社会学院天津300071 上海大学社会学院上海200444

基于2019—2021年“高校教师获得感调查”数据,运用个体中心网探究了高校教师科研网络特征,并采用负二项回归模型对高校教师科研网络和科研绩效之间的关系及学科差异进行分析。结果表明:我国高校教师科研网络特征总体为构成多元、网络... 详细信息

基于2019—2021年“高校教师获得感调查”数据,运用个体中心网探究了高校教师科研网络特征,并采用负二项回归模型对高校教师科研网络和科研绩效之间的关系及学科差异进行分析。结果表明:我国高校教师科研网络特征总体为构成多元、网络规模大、以连锁型网络为主,达高性处于中等水平、异质性较高,并具有显著的群体差异性;科研绩效中论文发表数和纵向项目数均受到网络规模、达高性和异质性的正向显著影响,其中论文发表数还受到网络密度的负向显著影响,而横向项目则仅受到企业纽带的正向显著影响;最后,高校教师的科研网络对科研绩效影响的学科差异较大,科研网络对自然科学学科高校教师的影响在更多维度中显著。

关键词：高校教师社会网络科研绩效个体中心网