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Two methods for separating the magnetospheric solar wind charge exchange soft X-ray emission from the diffuse X-ray background

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 119-132页

作者： YingJie Zhang TianRan Sun JenniferACarter wenhao liu Steve Sembay ShuiNai Zhang Li Ji Chi Wang State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences The University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physics and Astronomy The University of LeicesterLeicesterUK Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

Solar wind charge exchange(SWCX)is the process of solar wind high-valence ions exchanging charges with neutral components and generating soft ***,detecting the SWCX emission from the magnetosphere is proposed as a new technique to study the magnetosphere using panoramic soft X-ray *** better prepare for the data analysis of upcoming magnetospheric soft X-ray imaging missions,this paper compares the magnetospheric SWCX emission obtained by two methods in an XMM-Newton observation,during which the solar wind changed *** two methods differ in the data used to fit the diffuse X-ray background(DXB)parameters in spectral *** method adding data from the ROSAT All-Sky Survey(RASS)is called the RASS *** method using the quiet observation data is called the Quiet method,where quiet observations usually refer to observations made by the same satellite with the same target but under weaker solar wind *** show that the spectral compositions of magnetospheric SWCX emission obtained by the two methods are very similar,and the changes in intensity over time are highly consistent,although the intensity obtained by the RASS method is about 2.68±0.56 keV cm^(-2)s^(-1)sr^(-1)higher than that obtained by the Quiet *** the DXB intensity obtained by the RASS method is about 2.84±0.74 keV cm^(-2)s^(-1)sr^(-1)lower than that obtained by the Quiet method,and the linear correlation coefficient between the difference of SWCX and DXB obtained by the two methods in diffe rent energy band is close to-1,the diffe rences in magnetospheric SWCX can be fully attributed to the diffe rences in the fitted *** difference between the two methods is most significant when the energy is less than 0.7 keV,which is also the main energy band of SWCX *** addition,the difference between the two methods is not related to the SWCX intensity and,to some extent,to solar wind conditions,because SWCX intensity typically va ries with the

关键词： solar wind charge exchange(SWCX) ROSAT All-Sky Survey(RASS) soft X-ray X-ray imaging magnetosphere

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Real-time Risk-averse Dispatch of an Integrated Electricity and Natural Gas System via Condi-tional Value-at-risk-based Lookup-table Ap-proximate Dynamic Programming

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Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems 2024年第2期9卷 47-60页

作者： Jianquan Zhu Guanhai Li Ye Guo Jiajun Chen Haixin liu Yuhao Luo wenhao liu School of Electric Power Engineering South China University of Tech-nologyGuangzhou 510640China South China University of Technology GuangzhouChina

The real-time risk-averse dispatch problem of an integrated electricity and natural gas system(IEGS)is studied in this *** is formulated as a real-time conditional value-at-risk(CVaR)-based risk-averse dis-patch model in the Markov decision process *** of its stochasticity,nonconvexity and nonlinearity,the model is difficult to analyze by traditional algorithms in an acceptable *** address this non-deterministic polynomial-hard problem,a CVaR-based lookup-table approximate dynamic programming(CVaR-ADP)algo-rithm is proposed,and the risk-averse dispatch problem is decoupled into a series of tractable *** line pack is used as the state variable to describe the impact of one period’s decision on the *** facilitates the reduction of load shedding and wind power *** the proposed method,real-time decisions can be made according to the current information,while the value functions can be used to overview the whole opti-mization horizon to balance the current cost and future risk *** simulations indicate that the pro-posed method can effectively measure and control the risk costs in extreme ***,the decisions can be made within 10 s,which meets the requirement of the real-time dispatch of an *** Terms—Integrated electricity and natural gas system,approximate dynamic programming,real-time dispatch,risk-averse,conditional value-at-risk.

关键词： Integrated electricity and natural gas system approximate dynamic programming real-time dispatch risk-averse conditional value-at-risk

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Carbon nanocages bridged with graphene enable fast kinetics for dual-carbon lithium-ion capacitors

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第3期9卷 573-583页

作者： Shani Li Yanan Xu wenhao liu Xudong Zhang Yibo Ma Qifan Peng Xiong Zhang Xianzhong Sun Kai Wang Yanwei Ma Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture Beijing100190China Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081China School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China

Lithium-ion capacitors(LICs) combining the advantages of lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors are considered a promising nextgeneration energy storage device. However, the sluggish kinetics of battery-type anode cannot match the capacitor-type cathode, restricting the development of LICs. Herein, hierarchical carbon framework(HCF) anode material composed of 0D carbon nanocage bridged with 2D graphene network are developed via a template-confined synthesis process. The HCF with nanocage structure reduces the Li^(+) transport path and benefits the rapid Li^(+) migration, while 2D graphene network can promote the electron interconnecting of carbon nanocages. In addition, the doped N atoms in HCF facilitate to the adsorption of ions and enhance the pseudo contribution, thus accelerate the kinetics of the anode. The HCF anode delivers high specific capacity, remarkable rate capability. The LIC pouch-cell based on HCF anode and active HCF(a-HCF) cathode can provide a high energy density of 162 Wh kg^(-1) and a superior power density of 15.8 kW kg^(-1), as well as a long cycling life exceeding 15,000cycles. This study demonstrates that the well-defined design of hierarchical carbon framework by incorporating 0D carbon nanocages and 2D graphene network is an effective strategy to promote LIC anode kinetics and hence boost the LIC electrochemical performance.

关键词： Hierarchical carbon framework Nanocage ZIF Graphene Lithium-ion capacitors

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Heterogeneous isomorphism hollow SiGe nanospheres with porous carbon reinforcing for superior electrochemical lithium storage

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第4期79卷 222-231页

作者： Peibo Gao Huimin Wu wenhao liu Shuang Tian Jinglin Mu Zhichao Miao Pengfei Zhou Huanian Zhang Tong Zhou Jin Zhou School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shandong University of TechnologyZibo 255049ShandongChina School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University of TechnologyZibo 255049ShandongChina

Silicon is emerging as a promising next-generation lithium-ion battery anode because of its high theoretical capacity and low ***,the poor cyclability and inferior rate performance hinder its largescale ***,hollow silicon/germanium(H-SiGe)nanospheres with a binary-active component and heterogeneous structure combined with porous carbon(pC)reinforcing are synthesized as lithium-ion battery *** studies demonstrate that the H-SiGe/pC anodes possess tiny volume expansion,high ion/electron conductivity,and stable electrode *** calculations confirm that through the replacement of Si using Ge with rational component control,the diffusion energy barrier of lithium will be reduced and lithium storage ability can be improved because of the slight charge *** from these unique merits,the H-SiGe/pC anodes display a high initial specific capacity of 2922.2 mA h g^(-1)at 0.1 A g^(-1),superior rate capability(59.4%capacity retention from 0.5 to 8 A g^(-1)),and excellent cycling stability(81%retention after 700 cycles at 5 A g^(-1)at 1.0–1.2 mg cm^(-2)).An outstanding stability is preserved even at a high loading of 3.2 mg cm^(-2)with an improved reversible capacity of 429.1 mA h g^(-1)after 500 cycles at 4 A g^(-1).Furthermore,the full-cell with the prelithiated H-SiGe/pC anode and LiFePO4cathode exhibits an impressive capacity performance.

关键词： Si/Ge Heterostructures Anode Molten salt Li-ion battery

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Plotinus:A Satellite Internet Digital Twin System

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Journal of Communications and Information Networks 2024年第1期9卷 24-33页

作者： Yue Gao Kun Qiu Zhe Chen Wenjun Zhu Qi Zhang Handong Luo Quanwei Lin Ziheng Yang wenhao liu The Intelligent Networking and Computing Research Center and School of Computer Science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

The development of space-air-ground integrated networks (SAGIN) requires sophisticated satellite Internet emulation tools that can handle complex, dynamic topologies and offer in-depth analysis. Existing emulation platforms struggle with challenges like the need for detailed implementation across all network layers, real-time response, and scalability. This paper proposes a digital twin system based on microservices for satellite Internet emulation,namely Plotinus,which aims to solve these problems. Plotinus features a modular design, allowing for easy replacement of the physical layer to emulate different aerial vehicles and analyze channel interference. It also enables replacing of path computation methods to simplify testing and deploying algorithms. In particular, Plotinus allows for real-time emulation with live network traffic,enhancing practical network models. The evaluation result shows Plotinus’s effective emulation of dynamic satellite networks with real-world devices. Its adaptability for various communication models and algorithm testing highlights Plotinus’s role as a vital tool for developing and analyzing SAGIN systems, offering a cross-layer,real-time,and scalable digital twin system.

关键词： network emulation framework dynamic topology adjustment microservice architecture

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Flexible Hall sensor made of laser-scribed graphene

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npj Flexible Electronics 2021年第1期5卷 18-24页

作者： Altynay Kaidarova wenhao liu Liam Swanepoel Abdullah Almansouri Nathan RGeraldi Carlos.M.Duarte Jurgen Kosel Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences&Engineering(CEMSE)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)ThuwalSaudi Arabia Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of JeddahDhahbanSaudi Arabia Red Sea Research Center(RSRC)and Computational Biosciences Research Center King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)ThuwalSaudi Arabia Sensor Systems Division Silicon Austria Labs(SAL)VillachAustria

Graphene has shown considerable potential for sensing magnetic fields based on the Hall Effect,due to its high carrier mobility,low sheet carrier density,and low-temperature ***,the cost of graphene in comparison to conventional materials has meant that its uptake in electronic manufacturing has been *** lower technological barriers and bring more widespread adoption of graphene Hall sensors,we are using a one-step laser scribing process that does not rely on multiple steps,toxic chemicals,and subsequent ***-scribed graphene Hall sensors offer a linear response to magnetic fields with a normalized sensitivity of~1.12 V/*** also exhibit a low constant noise voltage floor of~50 nV√Hz p for a bias current of 100μA at room temperature,which is comparable with state-of-the-art low-noise Hall *** sensors combine a high bendability,come with high robustness and operating temperatures up to 400°*** enable device ideas in various areas,for instance,soft *** an example,we combined a laser-scribed graphene sensor with a deformable elastomer and flexible magnet to realize low-cost,compliant,and customizable tactile sensors.

关键词： normalized instance steps

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The benefits of PCSK9 inhibitors in patients with acute coronary syndrome:a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Emergency and Critical Care Medicine 2024年第1期4卷 28-34页

作者： Guanzhao Zhang Shuting Chang Faming Zhao Xiangfeng Guan Zifan Nie wenhao liu Bo Li Department of Cardiology Binzhou Medical UniversityZibo Central HospitalZiboShandongChina Weifang Medical University WeifangShandongChina Department of Infectious Disease Zibo Infectious Disease HospitalZiboShandongChina.

Background:Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9(PSCK9)inhibitors have been beneficial for many patients with *** objective of this study was to investigate the benefit of PSCK9 inhibitors in patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS).Methods:We systematically searched PubMed,EMBASE,and Cochrane Clinical Trials(published before January 2023;no language restriction)to compare the treatment of patients with ACS using PCSK9 inhibitors and *** primary end points were major adverse cardiovascular events,nonfatal myocardial infarction,cardiogenic death,stroke,hospitalization for recurrent ACS,and coronary ***-or random-effects models were used to assess the aggregated ***:Of the 1686 identified studies,5 were eligible and included in our analysis(of a total of 38,005 participants,18,609 cases were placed in the PCSK9 inhibitor treatment group and 19,396 cases in the placebo group).Compared with the placebo group,PCSK9 inhibitors significantly reduced the major adverse cardiovascular events(odds ratio[OR]:0.83;95%confidence interval[CI]:0.77–0.88;P<0.00001)for patients following *** incidence of nonfatal myocardial infarction(relative risk:0.80;95%CI:0.74–0.87;P<0.00001),cardiovascular death(OR:0.96;95%CI:0.83–1.10;P=0.56),stroke(OR:0.74;95%CI:0.63–0.88;P=0.0007),hospitalization for recurrent ACS(OR:0.57;95%CI:0.40–0.83;P=0.003),or coronary revascularization(OR:0.82;95%CI:0.76–0.88;P<0.00001)all demonstrated a significant decrease in the comparison between the 2 ***:This meta-analysis demonstrated that treatment with PCSK9 inhibitors in patients with ACS reduced the probability of multiple cardiovascular events and improved patient prognosis.

关键词： Acute coronary syndrome Cardiovascular disease PCSK9 inhibitors

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Reduced Firing of Nucleus Accumbens Parvalbumin Interneurons Impairs Risk Avoidance in DISC1 Transgenic Mice

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2021年第9期37卷 1325-1338页

作者： Xinyi Zhou Bifeng Wu wenhao liu Qian Xiao Wei He Ying Zhou Pengfei Wei Xu Zhang Yue liu Jie Wang Jufang He Zhigang Zhang Weidong Li Liping Wang Jie Tu Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulationthe Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain ScienceShenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences518055 ShenzhenChina University of Chinese of Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering Zurich Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich8092 ZurichSwitzerland Department of Biomedical Sciences City University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong Kong Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University BlacksburgVirginia 24061USA Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Emory University School of MedicineAtlanta 30322USA Bio-X Institutes Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Development and Neuropsychiatric Disorders(Ministry of Education)Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disordersand Brain Science and Technology Research CenterShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Center of Brain Science State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular PhysicsInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and TechnologyNational Center for Magnetic Resonance in WuhanKey Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological SystemsWuhan Institute of Physics and MathematicsChinese Academy of Sciences430071 WuhanChina Department of Neuroscience City University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong Kong City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518057China

A strong animal survival instinct is to approach objects and situations that are of benefit and to avoid *** humans,a large proportion of mental disorders are accompanied by impairments in risk *** of the most important genes involved in mental disorders is disrupted-in-schizophrenia-1(DISC1),and animal models in which this gene has some level of dysfunction show emotion-related ***,it is not known whether DISC1 mouse models have an impairment in avoiding potential *** the present study,we used DISC1-N terminal truncation(DISC1-N^(TM))mice to investigate risk avoidance and found that these mice were impaired in risk avoidance on the elevated plus maze(EPM)and showed reduced social preference in a three-chamber social interaction *** EPM tests,c-Fos expression levels indicated that the nucleus accumbens(NAc)was associated with risk-avoidance behavior in DISC1-N^(TM)*** addition,in vivo electrophysiological recordings following tamoxifen administration showed that the firing rates of fast-spiking neurons(FS)in the NAc were significantly lower in DISC1-N^(TM)mice than in wild-type(WT)*** addition,in vitro patch clamp recording revealed that the frequency of action potentials stimulated by current injection was lower in parvalbumin(PV)neurons in the NAc of DISC1-N^(TM)mice than in WT *** impairment of risk avoidance in DISC1-N^(TM)mice was rescued using optogenetic tools that activated NAcPV ***,inhibition of the activity of NAcPV neurons in PV-Cre mice mimicked the risk-avoidance impairment found in DISC1-N^(TM)mice during tests on the elevated zero *** together,our findings confirm an impairment in risk avoidance in DISC1-N^(TM)mice and suggest that reduced excitability of NAc^(PV) neurons is responsible.

关键词： DISC1 Risk avoidance Parvalbumin Nucleus accumbens

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Evaluation and spatio-temporal analysis of surface energy flux in permafrost regions over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Arctic using CMIP6 models

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2022年第1期15卷 1947-1965页

作者： Junjie Ma Ren Li Zhongwei Huang Tonghua Wu Xiaodong Wu Lin Zhao Hongchao liu Guojie Hu Yao Xiao Yizhen Du Shuhua Yang wenhao liu Yongliang Jiao Shenning Wang Cryosphere Research Station on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric ScienceNorthwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouPeople’s Republic of China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingPeople’s Republic of China Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education College of Atmospheric SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhouPeople’s Republic of China School of Geographical Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science & TechnologyNanjingPeople’s Republic of China Zaozhuang University ZaozhuangPeople’s Republic of China

The surface energy budget over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP)and the Arctic significantly influences the climate system with global *** performances of 30 selected Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6)models were evaluated based on six sites in the QTP and *** simulation results for latent heat flux(LE)were more accurate in the QTP,where the correlation coefficient and root mean square error(RMSE)were 0.9 and 30 W m−2,*** results for sensible heat flux(H)were more accurate in the Arctic,the correlation coefficient and RMSE were 0.8 and 24 W m−2,***,the multiple models mean results revealed that the surface energy flux had seasonal variation and regional differences over the QTP and the *** the QTP,H was the lowest in winter,increased in spring,and reached the maximum in ***,the transitional changes in spring and autumn were not apparent in the Arctic,mainly due to seasonal net radiation difference between the two *** was affected by precipitation and surface soil moisture *** work is important for understanding land-atmosphere interactions and useful for improving the accuracy of land surface models simulations.

关键词： Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Arctic surface energy budget permafrost

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Effect of additional cylinders on power-extraction performance of a Savonius vertical-axis wind turbine

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2023年第6期24卷 531-542页

作者： Yangyang YAN Jintao ZHANG Junao SHE wenhao liu Jianghong DENG Jianyang ZHU Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Equipment and Control Technology Ministry of EducationWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China

To improve the power-extraction performance of the Savonius vertical-axis wind turbine(S-VAWT),additional cylinders,which are used to control the fluid flow around the wind turbine blade,were introduced into the blade *** contrast to the traditional numerical method,a mathematical model in the form of a dynamical system was used in this study.A numerical calculation program that could effectively solve the equations of wind-induced rotation of S-VAWT was developed,and combined with the Taguchi experimental method to investigate the influence of additional cylinders on the power-extraction characteristics of the *** results showed that the additional cylinders have a significant impact on the power-extraction performance of the *** 4-m/s wind speed,the average power coefficient of the S-VAWT with additional cylinders is 15%higher than that of the conventional *** construction of the wind turbine prototype and power-extraction tests,the results showed that compared with a conventional S-VAWT,the output power was 29%higher for the S-VAWT with additional cylinders under the same particular conditions.

关键词： Additional cylinders Taguchi experimental method Savonius vertical-axis wind turbine(S-VAWT) Average power coefficient Wind-induced rotation

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