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Chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第11期58卷 1236-1242页

作者： XUE ShaoWei weng xuchu HE Sheng LI DianWen Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders Hangzhou Normal University Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments Department of Psychology University of Minnesota

Representational similarity analysis (RSA) is a rapidly developing multivariate platform to investigate the structure of neural activities. Similarity/dissimilarity is the core concept of RSA, realized by the construction of a representational dissimilarity matrix, that addresses the closeness/distance for each pair of research elements (e.g., one minus the correlation between the brain responses to 2 different stimuli) and in turn, constitutes a multivariate pattern as its analytic foundation. This approach is also welcome for its sensitivity in detecting subtle differences of distributed experimental effects in the brain. Importantly, RSA is not only an experimental tool but a promising data-analytical framework that can integrate cross-modal imaging signals, explore brain-behavior link, and verify computational models according to measured neural activities. RSA substantiates its integrative power by relating similarity structure in one domain (e.g., stimulus features) to that in another domain (e.g., neural activities). This review summarizes dissimilarity/similarity definition of RSA, introduces how to derive the dissimilarity structure in neural response pattern, and carry out connectivity analysis based on RSA platform. Several recent advances are highlighted, such as the extraction of across-subjects regularity, cross-validation of brain reactivity in human beings and monkeys, the incorporation of computational models and behavioral profiles into RSA. Voxel receptor field modeling, another promising multivariate tool of pattern elucidation, is presented and compared. The application of RSA is expected to surge and extend in many fields of neuro-science, computation, psychology and medicine. We also discuss the limitations of RSA and some critical questions that need to be addressed in future research.

关键词：相似性分析 fMRI 模式信息神经活动计算模型权力结构反应模式 RSA

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Vernier But Not Grating Acuity Contributes to an Early Stage of Visual Word Processing

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2018年第3期34卷 517-526页

作者： Yufei Tan Xiuhong Tong Wei Chen xuchu weng Sheng He Jing Zhao Institutes of Psychological Sciences Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 China Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments Hangzhou 311121 China Center for Cognition and Brain Disorder Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 China Objects and Knowledge Laboratory New York University Abu Dhabi Abu Dhabi 129188 UAE State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101 China Department of Psychology University of MinnesotaMinneapolis MN 55455 USA

The process of reading words depends heavily on efficient visual skills, including analyzing and decomposing basic visual features. Surprisingly, previous reading-related studies have almost exclusively focused on gross aspects of visual skills, while only very few have investigated the role of finer skills. The present study filled this gap and examined the relations of two finer visual skills measured by grating acuity（the ability to resolve periodic luminance variations across space） and Vernier acuity（the ability to detect/discriminate relative locations of features） to Chinese character-processing as measured by character form-matching and lexical decision tasks in skilled adult readers. The results showed that Vernier acuity was significantly correlated with performance in character form-matching but not visual symbol formmatching, while no correlation was found between grating acuity and character processing. Interestingly, we found no correlation of the two visual skills with lexical decisionperformance. These findings provide for the first time empirical evidence that the finer visual skills, particularly as reflected in Vernier acuity, may directly contribute to an early stage of hierarchical word processing.

关键词： Visual word processing Vernier acuity Grating acuity Visual skill

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In Memory of Leslie G. Ungerleider

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2021年第4期37卷 592-595页

作者： Ning Liu Hui Zhang Xilin Zhang Jiongjiong Yang xuchu weng Lin Chen State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science Institute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine School of Medicine and EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing100191China Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Education SciencesMinistry of EducationSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510631GuangdongChina School of Psychology South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510631GuangdongChina School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing100871China Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510631GuangdongChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Dr. Leslie Ungerleider, who together with Mortimer Mishkin established the model of ‘‘two functionally dissociated cortical visual pathways in the primate brain’’[1], passed away on December 11, 2020. Ungerleider... 详细信息

关键词： visual timer eider

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Pharmacotherapy for the core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder

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JOURNAL OF ZHEJIANG UNIVERSITY-SCIENCE B 2024年第11期25卷 956-971页

作者： Tan, Peiying Shen, Xiaolin Zeng, Lizhang weng, xuchu Geng, Hongyan South China Normal Univ Key Lab Brain Cognit & Educ Sci Minist Educ Guangzhou 510631 Peoples R China South China Normal Univ Inst Brain Res & Rehabil Guangzhou 510631 Peoples R China South China Normal Univ Guangdong Key Lab Mental Hlth & Cognit Sci Guangzhou 510631 Peoples R China

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a range of neurodevelopmental diseases characterized by social dysfunction and stereotypic behaviors. The etiology of ASD remains largely unexplored, resulting in a diverse array of described clinical manifestations and varying degrees of severity. Currently, there are no drugs approved by a supervisory organization that can effectively treat the core symptoms of ASD. Childhood and adolescence are crucial stages for making significant achievements in ASD treatment, necessitating the development of drugs specifically for these periods. Based on the drug targets and mechanisms of action, it can be found that atypical psychotropic medications, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant medications, hormonal medications, ion channel medications, and gastrointestinal medications have shown significant improvement in treating the core symptoms of ASD in both children and adolescents. In addition, comparisons of drugs within the same category regarding efficacy and safety have been made to identify better alternatives and promote drug development. While further evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of these medications is needed, they hold great potential for widespread application in the clinical treatment of the principal symptoms of ASD.

关键词： Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) Core symptom Pharmacotherapy Repetitive behaviors Social dysfunction

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Altered Cortical Information Interaction During Respiratory Events in Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第10期40卷 1458-1470页

作者： Jin Chen Minmin Lin Naikai Shi Jingxian Shen xuchu weng Feng Pang Jiuxing Liang Key Laboratory of Brain Cognition and Education ScienceMinistry of EducationChinaInstitute for Brain Research and RehabilitationGuangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive ScienceSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510631China School of General Education Guangzhou Huali CollegeGuangzhou 511325China Department of Sleep Medicine The Sixth Affliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510655China Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryThe Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510655China TUM-Neuroimaging Center Technical University of Munich81675 MunichGermany Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Biomedical Innovation Center The Sixth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510655China

Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)significantly impairs children's growth and *** study aims to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying OSAHS in children,with a particular focus on the alterations in cortical information interaction during respiratory *** analyzed sleep electroencephalography before,during,and after events,utilizing Symbolic Transfer Entropy(STE)for brain network construction and information flow *** results showed a significant increase in STE after events in specific frequency bands during N2 and rapid eye movement(REM)stages,along with increased STE during N3 stage ***,a noteworthy rise in the information flow imbalance within and between hemispheres was found after events,displaying unique patterns in central sleep apnea and ***,some of these alterations were correlated with symptom *** findings highlight significant changes in brain region coordination and communication during respiratory events,offering novel insights into OSAHS pathophysiology in children.

关键词： Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome Children Respiratory events Electroencephalogram Effective connectivity-Symbolic transfer entropy

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Effects of orthographic neighborhood on reading in Chinese An fMRI study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2008年第2期3卷 128-132页

作者： Hongyan Bi xuchu weng Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

BACKGROUND： Much research has focused on neighborhood size in alphabetic languages. Results have consistently demonstrated that the neighborhood effect is a stimulating factor in word reading. The present study addressed whether there are neighborhood effects in Chinese character reading. OBJECTIVE： To investigate whether neighborhood effect exists in Chinese character reading and whether specific brain regions are responsible for it. DESIGN： An event-related design. SETTING： Beijing Anzhen Hospital. PARTICIPANTS： The experiment was conducted at Beijing Anzhen Hospital from October 2004 to December 2004. Undergraduate students, aged 19 24 years, were selected from Beijing Normal University, comprising 13 males and 16 females. Inclusive criteria： ① Neurologically normal and right-handed; ② native-Chinese speakers. All subjects gave informed consent prior to experimentation. METHODS： ① Behavioral experiment： the experiment utilized a 2 x 2 factorial design. The factors included orthographic neighborhood size （few or many neighbors） and lexical regularity （regular or irregular characters）. There was no significant difference between the ratio of regular and irregular characters in each family. The experiment was performed on a notebook PC and was piloted by E-Prime software. A fixation point ＂＋＂ was presented on the screen for 500 ms, and then the target item was displayed in the same place of the fixation for 2 000 ms. Subjects were asked to read the character aloud quickly and correctly. The target item disappeared once the subject read it. Reaction time （RT） and error ratios were collected and analyzed. ② fMRI study： the study was an event-related design. Each character was presented for 500 ms, and the offset was followed by ＂＋＂ presented for 1 500 - 26 000 ms. Each duration was divided by 500 exactly. The subject was required to read silently. AFNI software package was used to analyze the fMRI data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： ① RT and error ratio in behavioral

关键词： fMRI study character reading brain area

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Developmental population neuroscience: emerging from ICHBD

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Science Bulletin 2018年第6期63卷 331-332页

作者： Xi-Nian Zuo Ye He Xuequan Su Xiao-Hui Hou xuchu weng Qiang Li Key Laboratory for Brain and Education Sciences Guangxi Teachers Education University Research Center for Lifespan Development of Mind and Brain Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Psychology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science Institute of Psychology Psychological and Brain Sciences Indiana University School of Education Sciences Guangxi Teachers Education University Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation South China Normal University

The 3rd International Conference on Human Brain Development(ICHBD)was held during October 10–15,2017 in Nanning,Guangxi,*** was initiated in 2014 by ***-Nian Zuo,Olaf Sporns and Michael ***(co-chairs),and has been consistently supported by a major international collaboration grant from Natural Science Foundation of China(81220108014).The goal of ICHBD is to bring together international scientists from a

关键词：神经科学 Michael 人口国际会议 Tomas 大脑开发国际合作科学基础

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Recent developments in multivariate pattern analysis for functional MRI

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2012年第4期28卷 399-408页

作者： Zhi Yang Fang Fang xuchu weng Key Laboratory of Behavioral Sciences Institute of PsychologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 310015China Department of Psychology Peking UniversityBeijing 100817China

Multivariate pattern analysis（MVPA） is a recently-developed approach for functional magnetic resonance imaging（fMRI） data *** with the traditional univariate methods,MVPA is more sensitive to subtle changes in multivariate patterns in fMRI *** this review,we introduce several significant advances in MVPA applications and summarize various combinations of algorithms and parameters in different problem *** limitations of MVPA and some critical questions that need to be addressed in future research are also discussed.

关键词： multivariate analysis fMRI pattern recognition computational biology

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TMS combined with MRI-based individualized brain localization improves motor functions in Parkinson’s disease

TMS combined with MRI-based individualized brain localizatio...

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中国神经科学学会第十二届全国学术会议

作者： xuchu weng South China Normal University

Parkinson’s disease is a degenerative brain disorder, characterized by progressive deficits of motor functions. Conventional drug therapies often produce various side effects. Deep brain stimulation, while highly effective, is invasive in nature. Instead, rTMS offers a safe and non-invasive treatment for Parkinson’s disease. However, the effectiveness of treatment of conventional rTMS is limited, mainly because of large variety of brain shape and size across individuals. In this presentation, I will show some preliminary data and argue that MRI-based individualized localization of cortical motor areas greatly improves motor functions in this disease. I will then discuss potential mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of this therapy strategy.

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Involvement of the crebellum in sequential finger movement learning:Evidence from functional magnetic resonance imaging

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第17期50卷 1887-1891页

作者： ZHU Yihong DI Haibo YUAN Yi REN Jin'ge YU Wei ZHANG Zhaoqi GAO Jiahong weng xuchu CHEN Yizhang Medical School Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310006 China Medical School Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 310018China Laboratory for Higher Brain Function Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Department of Radiology Beijing Anzhen Hospital of Capital University Beijing 100029 China Research Imaging Center University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio. Texas USA

Whether the cerebellum is involved in volun-tary motor learning or motor performance is the subject of a new debate. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we examined cerebellar activation in eight volun-teers before and after an extended period of training. Activa-tion volume on both sides of cerebellum after learning was significantly reduced compared to that before learning even under the same motor frequency. Remarkably, while motor frequency for the training sequence was significantly higher than the control sequence after 41 d of learning, activation in the cerebellum for both sequences, with respect to activation loci and volumes, was very similar. These results suggest that the cerebellum was involved in motor learning but not motor performance. Changes of cerebellar activation from training thus appear to be associated with learning but not with im-provement on task performance.

关键词：小脑学习机连续运动磁共振成像 fMRI

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