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A review of public health guidelines for postpartum physical activity and sedentary behavior from around the world

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 472-483,F0003页

作者： Kelly R.Evenson wendy j.brown Alison K.Brinson Emily Budzynski-Seymour Melanie Hayman Department of Epidemiology Gillings School of Global Public HealthUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599-8050USA Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond UniversityGold CoastQLD 4226Australia School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Department of Anthropology University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599-3115USA Carolina Population Center University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599-8120USA Faculty of Sport Health and Social SciencesSolent UniversitySouthamptonSO140YNUK Appleton Institute School of HealthMedical and Applied SciencesCentral Queensland UniversityRockhamptonQLD 4701Australia

Background:The period following pregnancy is a critical time window when future habits with respect to physical activity(PA) and sedentary behavior(SB) are established;therefore,it warrants *** purpose of this scoping review was to summarize public health-oriented country-specific postpartum PA and SB guidelines ***:To identity guidelines published since 2010,we performed a(a) systematic search of 4 databases(CINAHL,Global Health,PubMed,and SPORTDiscus),(b) structured repeatable web-based search separately for 194 countries,and(c) separate web-based *** the most recent guideline was included for each ***:We identified 22 countries with public health-oriented postpartum guidelines for PA and 11 countries with SB *** continents with guidelines included Europe(n=12),Asia(n=5),Oceania(n=2),Africa(n=1),North America(n=1),and South America(n=1).The most common benefits recorded for PA included weight control/management(n=10),reducing the risk of postpartum depression or depressive symptoms(n=9),and improving mood/well-being(n=8).Postpartum guidelines specified exercises to engage in,including pelvic floor exercises(n=17);muscle strengthening,weight training,or resistance exercises(n=13);aerobics/general aerobic activity(n=13);walking(n=11);cycling(n=9);and swimming(n=9).Eleven guidelines remarked on the interaction between PA and breastfeeding;several guidelines stated that PA did not impact breast milk quantity(n=7),breast milk quality(n=6),or infant growth(n=3).For SB,suggestions included limiting long-term sitting and interrupting sitting with ***:Country-specific postpartum guidelines for PA and SB can help promote healthy behaviors using a culturally appropriate context while providing specific guidance to public health practitioners.

关键词： Breastfeeding Caesarean section Guidelines Postnatal Recommendations

The descriptive epidemiology of sitting in Chilean adults: Results from the National Health Survey 2009-2010

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第1期8卷 32-38页

作者： Nicolas Aguilar-Farias Pia Martino-Fuentealba ANDrea Cortinez-O'Ryan Damian Chandia-Poblete Carlos A.Celis-Morales Paz Bahamondes jaime Leppe Zamora wendy j.brown Department of Physical Education Sports and Recreation Universidad de La Frontera BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Science University of Glasgow School of Physiotherapy Universidad del Desarrollo School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of Queensland

Background: Although evidence on the health effects of sedentary behavior(SB) has grown systematically in recent years, few developing countries have reported population levels of SB, especially in South America. Our objective was to describe time spent sitting in a representative sample from Chile categorized by age, gender, educational level, and body mass index(BMI).Methods: A national health survey was conducted in Chile in a nationally representative sample(n = 5411) in 2009-2010. Sitting time(ST) was measured with the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire Version ***: Data were from 5031 participants(43.26±0.41 years, mean±SE; 40.3% male). Overall, there were no gender differences in mean ST(men: 158.10±5.80 min/day, women 143.45±4.77 min/day; p = 0.05). ST was lower in those who lived in rural areas compared with urban areas(99.4 min/day vs. 160.0 min/day; p = 0.001). ST increased significantly with increasing BMI, but only in men(p = 0.009), and was positively related to years of education in both men and women(p < 0.0001).Conclusion: The findings were different from those reported in other countries and contexts, reinforcing the need for international surveillance and monitoring over time to inform policy makers. Differences in ST across different groups emphasize the need to develop tailored messages and interventions for reducing ST in different population subgroups.

关键词： Ageing Health behavior Health inequalities Lying Preventive medicine Reclining Screen time Surveillance

Older Adult Compendium of Physical Activities:Energy costs of human activities in adults aged 60 and older

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 13-17,F0003页

作者： Erik A.Willis Stephen D.Herrmann Mary Hastert Chelsea L.Kracht Tiago V.Barreira john M.Schuna jr. Zhenghua Cai Minghui Quan Scott A.Conger wendy j.brown Barbara E.Ainsworth Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research The University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Division of Physical Activity and Weight Management Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Clinical Science Division Pennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLA 70808USA Exercise Science Department Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY 13244USA School of Exercise&Sport Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Department of Kinesiology Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of QueenslandSt.LuciaQLD 4072Australia Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond UniversityGold CoastQLD 4229Australia College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA

Purpose:To describe the development of a Compendium for estimating the energy costs of activities in adults>60 years(OA Compendium).Methods:Physical activities(PAs)and their metabolic equivalent of task(MET)values were obtained from a systematic search of studies published in 4 sport and exercise databases(PubMed,Embase,SPORTDiscus(EBSCOhost),and Scopus)and a review of articles included in the 2011 Adult Compendium that measured PA in older *** values were computed as the oxygen cost(VO_(2),mL/kg/min)during PA divided by 2.7 m L/kg/min(MET_(60+))to account for the lower resting metabolic rate in older ***:We identified 68 articles and extracted energy expenditure data on 427 *** these,we derived 99 unique Specific Activity codes with corresponding MET_(60+)values for older *** developed a website to present the OA Compendium MET_(60+)values:https://***:The OA Compendium uses data collected from adults>60 years for more accurate estimation of the energy cost of PAs in older *** is an accessible resource that will allow researchers,educators,and practitioners to find MET_(60+)values for older adults for use in PA research and practice.

关键词： Energy expenditure Exercise MET Older adults

Physical activity volume,frequency,and intensity:Associations with hypertension and obesity over 21 years in Australian women

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 631-641页

作者： Gregore I.Mielke Ding Ding Shelley E.Keating Bruno P.Nunes Ruth Brady wendy j.brown School of Public Health The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4006Australia Sydney School of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia The Charles Perkins Centre The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia School of Nursing Federal University of PelotasPelotasRio Grande do Sul 96010-610Brazil Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond UniversityGold CoastQLD 4226Australia

Background:Optimal patterns of accrual of recommended levels of physical activity(PA)for prevention of hypertension and obesity are not *** overall aim of this study was to investigate whether different patterns of accumulation of PA are differentially associated with hypertension and obesity in Australian women over 21 ***,we investigated whether,for the same weekly volume of PA,the number of sessions(frequency)and vigorousness of PA(intensity)were associated with a reduction in the occurrence of hypertension and obesity in ***:Data from the 1973-1978 and 1946-1951 cohorts of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health were analyzed(n=20,588;12%-16%with a Bachelor's or higher degree).Self-reported PA,hypertension,height,and weight were collected using mail surveys every 3 years from 1998/2000 to 2019/*** Estimating Equation models with a 3-year lag model were used to investigate the association of PA volume(metabolic equivalent min/week)(none;33-499;500-999;≥1000,weekly frequency(none;1-2 times;3-4times;5-7 times;≥8 times),and the proportion of vigorous PA to total volume of PA(none;0%;1%-33%;34%-66%;67%-100%)with odds of hypertension and obesity from 2000 to ***:The cumulative incidence of hypertension was 6%in the 1973-1978 and 23%in the 1946-1951 cohort;27%of women in the 1973-1978;and 15%in the 1946-1951 cohort developed obesity over the ***,a higher volume of PA was associated with reduced odds of hypertension and *** the volume of PA was considered,the odds of hypertension did not vary according to the frequency or intensity of ***,increased proportion of vigorous PA to the total volume of PA was associated with a small additional reduction in the risk of obe ***:PA volume appears to be more important than the pattern of accumulation for the prevention of hypertension and *** more sessions,particularly of vigorous-intensity PA,may provide extr

关键词： Physical activity Frequency Intensity Incidences Epidemiology Women

Enriched Diets and the Growth,Development and Survival of Litoria moorei(Anura)Tadpoles Reared in Captivity at Low Density

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Asian Herpetological Research 2010年第2期1卷 103-110页

作者： Phillip Matson Glen Gaikhorst wendy Kappelle Sandy Webb Suzanne brown Perth Zoo 20 Labouchere RoadSouth PerthWestern Australia 6151 School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences Murdoch University Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital

Increasing numbers of amphibian species require conservation breeding programs for their survival.A major challenge is the efficient rearing of tadpoles,many of which require complex habitats and specialised *** tadpoles of the West Australian frog Litoria moorei were kept at low density(1 tadpole per 1.95 litres water) in aquaria at 25℃.Fed on a staple diet of boiled lettuce and leaf litter,group of diets were supplemented with either control,Wardley Premium Spirulina Discs,SeraTMGVG-mix tropical fish food,or a combination of Wardley Premium Spirulina discs and SeraTMGVG-mix fish *** was a relatively high loss(i.e.,found dead,euthanized due to scoliosis,or not found) of tadpoles fed with the lettuce/leaf litter alone,but this was increased significantly when supplemented with Wardley Premium Spirulina discs,either alone or with SeraTMGVG-mix fish food,and SeraTMGVG fish food ***,the survived tadpoles fed on the three supplements were all heavier after three weeks and at metamorphosis than those fed with lettuce/leaf litter alone,and reached metamorphosis *** is concluded that any benefit of the food supplements in terms of increasing the rate of growth and development of the tadpoles is outweighed by greater *** is now a need for the efficient rearing of tadpoles,many from novel species that need complex *** studies of diet are required due to the current conservation crisis of amphibians.

关键词： Litoria moorei commercial food protein tadpole

Higher cost of arthroplasty for hip fractures in patients transferred from outside hospitals vs primary emergency department presentation

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World journal of Orthopedics 2022年第8期13卷 725-732页

作者： Emanuel C Haug Hakan Pehlivan j Ryan Macdonell wendy Novicoff james browne Thomas brown Quanjun Cui Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA 22908United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery Preferred Pediatric Orthopedic SurgeryRidgewoodNJ 07450United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery Asheville Orthopedic AssociatesAshevilleNC 28801United States

BACKGROUND In 2016 Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services proposed bundled payments for hip fractures to improve the quality and decrease costs of *** transferred from other facilities may be imposing a financial risk on the hospitals that accept these *** To determine the costs associated with patients that either presented to the emergency department or were transferred from another hospital or skilled nursing facility(SNF)with the diagnosis of a hip fracture requiring operative *** A retrospective single institution review was conducted for all arthroplasty patients from 2010 to *** criteria included a total or partial hip replacement for a hip *** criteria included pathologic,periprosthetic,and fracture *** was collected to compare total observed costs for patients from the emergency department,patients from skilled nursing facilities,and patients from an outside *** A total of 223 patients met the inclusion criteria.135(60.54%)of these patients presented primarily to the emergency department,58 patients(26.01%)were transferred from an outside hospital,and 30 patients(13.43%)were transferred from a *** data analysis showed that outside hospital patients demonstrated significantly greater total cost for their hospitalization($43302)compared to emergency department patients($28875,P=0.000)and SNF patients($28282,P=0.000).CONCLUSION Patients transferred from an outside hospital incurred greater costs for their hospitalization than patients presenting from an emergency department or *** is a strong argument for riskadjustment models when bundling payments for the care of hip fracture patients.

关键词： Total hip arthroplasty Cost Transfer Outside hospital Hip fracture

Effectiveness of predicting tunneling-induced ground settlements using machine learning methods with small datasets

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journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2022年第4期14卷 1028-1041页

作者： Linan Liu wendy Zhou Marte Gutierrez Department of Geology and Geological Engineering Colorado School of MinesGoldenCO80401USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Colorado School of MinesGoldenCO80401USA

Prediction of tunneling-induced ground settlements is an essential task,particularly for tunneling in urban *** settlements should be limited within a tolerable threshold to avoid damages to aboveground *** learning(ML)methods are becoming popular in many fields,including tunneling and underground excavations,as a powerful learning and predicting ***,the available datasets collected from a tunneling project are usually small from the perspective of applying ML *** ML algorithms effectively predict tunneling-induced ground settlements when the available datasets are small?In this study,seven ML methods are utilized to predict tunneling-induced ground settlement using 14 contributing factors measured before or during tunnel *** methods include multiple linear regression(MLR),decision tree(DT),random forest(RF),gradient boosting(GB),support vector regression(SVR),back-propagation neural network(BPNN),and permutation importancebased BPNN(PI-BPNN)*** methods except BPNN and PI-BPNN are shallow-structure ML *** effectiveness of these seven ML approaches on small datasets is evaluated using model accuracy and *** model accuracy is measured by the coefficient of determination(R2)of training and testing datasets,and the stability of a learning algorithm indicates robust predictive ***,the quantile error(QE)criterion is introduced to assess model predictive performance considering underpredictions and *** study reveals that the RF algorithm outperforms all the other models with the highest model prediction accuracy(0.9)and stability(3.0210^(-27)).Deep-structure ML models do not perform well for small datasets with relatively low model accuracy(0.59)and stability(5.76).The PI-BPNN architecture is proposed and designed for small datasets,showing better performance than typical *** important contributing factors of ground settlements are identified,including

关键词： Ground settlements Tunneling Machine learning Small dataset Model accuracy Model stability Feature importance

Role of lysosomal trafficking regulator in autophagic lysosome reformation in neurons:a disease perspective

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 957-958页

作者： Prashant Sharma jenny Serra-Vinardell wendy j.Introne May Christine V.Malicdan NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program Common FundOffice of the DirectorNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA Human Biochemical Genetics Section Medical Genetics BranchNational Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA(Serra-Vinardell JIntrone)

Lysosomes are discrete organelles that act as recycling centers for extracellular and intracellular materials,playing a pivotal role in maintaining cellular *** acidic environment,maintained by numerous hydrolytic enzymes,facilitates substrate *** in lysosomal processes can lead to abnormal substrate degradation,significantly impacting cellular *** energy-demanding cells,such as post-mitotic neurons,are especially vulnerable to these changes,often resulting in neurological ***,a conserved catabolic process,requires extensive lysosomal *** plays a key role in removing unnecessary intracellular components,ensuring cellular homeostasis,and promoting cell survival during stress conditions such as starvation,infection,or cellular damage.

关键词： homeostasis lysosomal removing

Anomalous pressure-dependence in surface-modified silicon-derived nanoparticles

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Nano Research 2021年第12期14卷 4748-4753页

作者： Qi Li Abhinav Parakh Rongchao jin X.wendy Gu Department of Mechanical Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA94305USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA94305USA Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghPA15213USA

Surfaces can significantly alter the optical properties of nanomaterials,but they are difficult to control and their roles are hard to understand in highly reactive materials such as silicon *** this work,we investigate the role of the surface in controlling the optical transitions in highly luminescent silicon-derived *** combining high-pressure and low-temperature experiments,we experimentally correlate the anomalously intense and narrow transitions in the UV range with the surface oxides,while the visible transition and the photoluminescence(PL)are verified to originate from the Si-ligand charge transfer *** find that the high-pressure absorption and PL depends on the rigidity of the surface *** indicates that the surface plays a dominant role on the optical properties of these silicon-derived nanoparticles,and is different than other semiconductor nanomaterials,in which pressure-dependent optical transitions depend on lattice strain or phase *** work presents a comprehensive understanding of the optical transitions and the effect of surface ligands and surface oxidation in these highly luminescent Si-derived *** new insight into the oxidation-activated and ligand-mediated transitions,and the pressure-dependent PL may help with engineering the band structure of other highly-reactive optical nanomaterials.

关键词： silicon nanoparticles high pressure surface ligands surface oxidation diamond anvil cells