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Cordotomy procedures for cancer pain: A discussion of surgical procedures and a review of the literature

World Journal of Surgical Procedures 2015年第1期5卷 111-118页

作者： wendell b.lake Peter E Konrad Department of Neurosurgery Vanderbilt University School of Medicine

Treating pain in patients with terminal cancer is challenging but essential part of their care. Most patients can be managed with pharmacological options but for some these pain control methods are inadequate. Ablative spinal procedures offer an alternative method of pain control for cancer patients with a terminal diagnosis that are failing to have their pain controlled sufficiently by other methods. This paper provides a review of ablative spinal procedures for control of cancer pain. Patient selection, surgical methods, outcomes and complicationsare discussed in detail for cordotomy, dorsal root entry zone(DREZ) lesioning and midline myelotomy. Cordotomy is primarily done by a percutaneous method and it is best suited for patients with unilateral somatic limb and trunk pain such as due to sarcoma. Possible complications include unilateral weakness possibly respiratory abnormalities. Approximately 90% of patients have significant immediate pain relief following percutaneous cordotomy but increasing portions of patients have pain recurrence as the follow-up period increases beyond one year. The DREZ lesion procedure is best suited to patients with plexus invasion due to malignancy and pain confined to one limb. Possible complications of DREZ procedures include hemiparesis and decreased proprioception. Midline myelotomy is best suited for bilateral abdominal, pelvic or lower extremity pain. Division of the commissure is necessary to address bilateral lower extremity pain. This procedure is relatively rare but published case series demonstrate satisfactory pain control for over half of the patients undergoing the procedure. Possible complications include bilateral lower extremity weakness and diminished proprioception below the lesion level. Unlike cordotomy and DREZ this procedure offers visceral pain control as opposed to only somatic pain control. Ablative spinal procedures offer pain control for terminal cancer patients that are not able to managed medically. Thi

关键词： Cordotomy Cancer pain Dorsal root entry zone Percutaneous cordotomy Midline myelotomy

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Genetic approach to track neural cell fate decisions using human embryonic stem cells

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Protein & Cell 2014年第1期5卷 69-79页

作者： Xuemei Fu Zhili Rong Shengyun Zhu Xiaocheng Wang Yang Xu blue b. lake Shenzhen Children's Hospital Shenzhen 518026 China Section of Molecular biology Division of Biological Sciences University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive LaJolla CA 92093-0322 USA

With their capability to undergo unlimited self-renewal and to differentiate into all cell types in the body, human embryonic stem cells （hESCs） hold great promise in human cell therapy. However, there are limited tools for easily identifying and isolating live hESC-derived cells. To track hESC-derived neural progenitor cells （NPCs）, we applied homologous recombination to knock-in the mCherry gene into the Nestin locus of hESCs. This facilitated the genetic labeling of Nestin positive neural progenitor cells with mCherry. Our reporter system enables the visualization of neural induction from hESCs both in vitro （embryoid bodies） and in vivo （ter- atomas）. This system also permits the identification of different neural subpopulations based on the intensity of our fluorescent reporter. In this context, a high level of mCherry expression showed enrichment for neural progenitors, while lower mCherry corresponded with more committed neural states. Combination of mCherry high expression with cell surface antigen staining enabled further enrichment of hESC-derived NPCs. These mCherry＊ NPCs could be expanded in culture and their differentiation resulted in a down-regulation of mCherry consistent with the loss of Nestin expression. Therefore, we have developed a fluorescent reporter system that can be used to trace neural differentiation events of hESCs.

关键词： Nestin knock-in human embryonic stemcells neural progenitor cells

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Identifying Host Galaxies of Extragalactic Radio Emission Structures using Machine Learning

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2023年第7期23卷 139-153页

作者： Kangzhi Lou Sean E.lake Chao-Wei Tsai National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 102206China

This paper presents an automatic multi-band source cross-identification method based on deep learning to identify the hosts of extragalactic radio emission *** aim is to satisfy the increased demand for automatic radio source identification and analysis of large-scale survey data from next-generation radio facilities such as the Square Kilometre Array and the Next Generation Very Large *** demonstrate a 97%overall accuracy in distinguishing quasi-stellar objects,galaxies and stars using their optical morphologies plus their corresponding mid-infrared information by training and testing a convolutional neural network on Pan-STARRS imaging and WISE *** with an expert-evaluated sample,we show that our approach has 95%accuracy at identifying the hosts of extended radio *** also find that improving radio core localization,for instance by locating its geodesic center,could further increase the accuracy of locating the hosts of systems with a complex radio structure,such as C-shaped radio *** framework developed in this work can be used for analyzing data from future large-scale radio surveys.

关键词： techniques:image processing surveys methods:data analysis

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Massive upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage due to invasive hepatocellular carcinoma and hepato-gastric fistula

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第42期19卷 7472-7475页

作者： Hari Sayana Osama Yousef wendell K Clarkston Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Missouri Kansas CityKansas CityMO 64108-2640United States

A 36-year-old male Asian immigrant with a history of hepatitis b and hepatitis C related unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma in the left lobe of the liver presented with hematemesis and severe *** was diagnosed with a liver mass that was resected 8 years ago described as a benign tumor in his home *** had received trans-arterial chemoembolization(TACE)four months ago after subsequent diagnosis of unresectable hepatoma,and currently was receiving chemotherapy with *** resuscitation,a contrast enhanced computerized tomography was performed which showed fistulization of hepatocellular carcinoma into adjacent *** finding was confirmed during endoscopy with direct visualization of the fistulous *** carcinoma(HCC)invading the gastrointestinal(GI)tract is *** present a case and literature review of HCC with local invasion of the stomach causing massive upper GI bleeding after receiving TACE.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatogastric fistula Fistula Upper gastrointestinal bleeding

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DISTRIbUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF bORON AND LITHIUM IN bRINE OF ZHACANG CAKA SALT lake, XIZANG (TIbET), CHINA

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 1984年第2期2卷 218-227页

作者： Zheng Xiyu (Institute of Salt lake, Academia Sinica, Xining) Institute of Salt lake Academia Sinica Xining

1. Composition of the brine The specific gravity of its surface brine is from 1.073 to 1.291. Its salinity is 230-350 g/L. It consists of more than 30 elements, such as Na+, K+, Mg++, Ca++, Cl-,. SO4-, HCO3-, etc. It is also highly mineralized with rich b, Li, and Rb.2. Description of the lake This saline lake belongs to the sulfate type, of which lake I and lake II are of Na2SO4 subtype and lake III of MgSO4 subtype.3. The Distribution Characteristics of b and Li in the lake (1) The concentrations of b and Li are higher than that in sea water, b being 78-121 times higher, Li being 2625-4000 times higher. (2) A striking enrichment area of b and Li was formed in this brine lake. (3) The concentrations of b and Li are related to total mineralization of this lake.

关键词： Li lake DISTRIbUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF bORON AND LITHIUM IN bRINE OF ZHACANG CAKA SALT lake TIbET XIZANG CHINA

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Apolipoprotein b100 quality control and the regulation of hepatic very low density lipoprotein secretion

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The Journal of biomedical Research 2014年第3期28卷 178-193页

作者： Eric Fisher Elizabeth lake Roger S McLeod biochemistry & Molecular biology Faculty of MedicineDalhousie University

Apolipoprotein b （apob） is the main protein component of very low density lipoprotein （VLDL） and is necessary for the assembly and secretion of these triglyceride （TG）-rich particles. Following release from the liver, VLDL is converted to low density lipoprotein （LDL） in the plasma and increased production of VLDL can therefore play a detrimental role in cardiovascular disease. Increasing evidence has helped to establish VLDL assembly as a target for the treatment of dyslipidemias. Multiple factors are involved in the folding of the apob protein and the formation of a secretion-competent VLDL particle. Failed VLDL assembly can initiate quality control mechanisms in the hepatocyte that target apob for degradation. Apob is a substrate for endoplasmic reticulum associated degradation （ERAD） by the ubiquitin proteasome system and for autophagy. Efficient targeting and disposal of apob is a regu- lated process that modulates VLDL secretion and partitioning of TG. Emerging evidence suggests that significant overlap exists between these degradative pathways. For example, the insulin-mediated targeting of apob to autop- hagy and postprandial activation of the unfolded protein response （UPR） may employ the same cellular machinery and regulatory cues. Changes in the quality control mechanisms for apob impact hepatic physiology and pathology states, including insulin resistance and fatty liver. Insulin signaling, lipid metabolism and the hepatic UPR may impact VLDL production, particularly during the postprandial state. In this review we summarize our current understanding of VLDL assembly, apob degradation, quality control mechanisms and the role of these processes in liver physiology and in pathologic states.

关键词： apolipoprotein b very low density lipoprotein proteasome ubiquitin autophagy steatosis

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Extra-hepatic manifestations associated with hepatitis E virus infection:a comprehensive review of the literature

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Gastroenterology Report 2016年第1期4卷 1-15,I0001页

作者： Fateh bazerbachi Samir Haffar Sushil K Garg John R lake Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55455USA Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of DamascusDamascusSyrian Arab Republic

background and aims:Hepatitis E virus(HEV)infection is a significant public health problem that afflicts almost 20 million individuals annually and causes acute liver injury in 3.5 million,with approximately 56000 *** with other viral hepatitides,extra-hepatic manifestations could represent an important aspect of this *** spectrum of these manifestations is still *** pancreatitis and neurological,musculoskeletal,hematological,renal,and other immune-mediated manifestations have been *** aim of this article is to comprehensively review the published literature of extra-hepatic manifestations associated with HEV *** sources:We searched the PubMed database using the MeSH term“hepatitis E”and each of the extra-hepaticmanifestations associated with HEV *** language or date restrictions were set in these *** retrieving articles with non-A,non-b hepatitis were *** articles were identified through the reference lists of included ***:Several extra-hepatic manifestations associated with HEV infection have been *** temporal association between some extra-hepatic manifestations and HEV infection and the exclusion of other possible etiologies suggests that HEV infection could have caused some of *** to the available data,HEV infection appears to be strongly associated with acute pancreatitis,neurological disorders(with primarily dominant peripheral nerve involvement,most commonly manifested as Guillain-barre´syndrome,followed by neuralgic amyotrophy),hematological diseases(hemolytic anemia due to glucose phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency,and severe thrombocytopenia),glomerulonephritis,and mixed *** data are needed to clarify whether an association exists with musculoskeletal or other immunemediated ***:HEV infection should be considered in patients with acute pancreatitis,Guillain-barre´syndrome,neuralgic amyotrophy,hem

关键词： hepatitis E virus viral hepatitis extra-hepatic manifestations vaccine primary prevention

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DIODE LASER CYCLO-AbLATION IN SIL- ICONE OIL GLAUCOMA

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国际眼科杂志 2003年第1期3卷 21-22页

作者： S.lake A.Rubinstein b.James Stoke Mandeville Hospital UKStoke Mandeville Hospital UKStoke Mandeville Hospital UK

Ciliary body ablation with the diode laser is well established as a treatment for neovascular and other refractory glaucomas. Glaucoma secondary to intra-ocular silicone oil for vitreo-retinal surgery is one such glaucoma that can be difficult to control. We reviewed a series of cases where cyclodiode laser is applied for silicone oil-induced glaucoma and demonstrate that it is

关键词：硅油性青光眼眼内压升高眼状体缺失二极管激光疗法疗效

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CCENTCCNA ICND1640-822认证考试指南 5

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丛书名： Cisco职业认证培训系列

2012年

作者：（美）wendell Odom

本书共七部分内容，包括网络基础、LAN交换、IPv4寻址和子网划分、IPv4路由选择、IP路由故障排除、广域网、最后冲刺及附录。

ISBN: (数字)9787115274533

ISBN: (纸本)9787115274533

本书共七部分内容，包括网络基础、LAN交换、IPv4寻址和子网划分、IPv4路由选择、IP路由故障排除、广域网、最后冲刺及附录。

关键词：互联网络

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Evidence of the Pan-lake Stage in the Period of 40-28 ka b.P. on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2000年第2期74卷 266-272页

作者： ZHENG Mianping, MENG Yifeng and Wei LejunResearch & Development Center of Saline lake and Epithermal Deposits,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, beijing 100037 Chinese Acad Geol Sci Res & Dev Ctr Saline Lake & Epithermal Deposits Beijing 100037 Peoples R China

The Qinghai-Tibet plateau is one of major saline lake regions in China, where saline lakes are widespread and constitute an important object of researches on the palaeoclimatic change in the region. On the basis of comprehensive investigations of the evolution of the lake's surface and sediments on the plateau, the authors have further demonstrated the existence of a pan-lake stage (river and lake flooding stage) on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau during the period of about 40+-28 ka b.P. and analyzed the palaeoclimatic characteristics of the pan-lake period and relationships between the ancient monsoons and the uplift of the plateau since the beginning of the Quaternary.

关键词： Qinghai-Tibet plateau Late Pleistocene pan-lake event palaeoclimate

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