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Tuning the reaction path of CO_(2) electroreduction reaction on indium single-atom catalyst:Insights into the active sites

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Nano Research 2022年第5期15卷 4014-4022页

作者： Jiawei Zhang Gangming Zeng Lanlan Chen wenchuan lai Yuliang Yuan Yangfan Lu Chao Ma Wenhua Zhang Hongwen Huang College of Materials Science and Engineering Advanced Catalytic Engineer Research Center of the Ministry of EducationHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics of Chinese Academy of SciencesDepartment of Chemical PhysicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China State Key Lab of Silicon Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Modulating the local coordination structure of metal single-atom catalysts(SACs)is extensively employed to tune the catalytic activity,but rarely involved in regulating the reaction pathway which fundamentally determines the product ***,we report that the product selectivity of electrochemical CO_(2)reduction(CO_(2)RR)on the single-atom indium-NxC4-x(1≤x≤4)catalysts could be tuned from formate to CO by varying the carbon and nitrogen occupations in the first coordination ***,the optimal In SAC showed great promise for CO production with the maximum Faradic efficiency of 97%,greatly different from the reported In-based catalysts where the formate is the dominant *** experimental verifications and theoretical simulations reveal that the selectivity switch from formate to CO on In SACs originates from active sites shift from indium center to the indium-adjacent carbon atom,where the indium site favors formate formation and the indium-adjacent carbon site prefers the CO *** present work suggests the active sites in metal SACs may shift from the widely accepted metal center to surrounding carbon atoms,thereby offering a new implication to revisit the active sites for metal SACs.

关键词： CO_(2)reduction single atom catalysts coordination structure product selectivity active sites shift

Apparent permeability variation of underground water aquifer induced by an earthquake:A case of the Zhouzhi well and the 2008 wenchuan earthquake

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Earthquake Science 2011年第5期24卷 437-445页

作者： Guijuan lai Fuqiong Huang Hongkui Ge Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake Administration Beijing 100081 China China Earthquake Networks Center Beijing 100045 China

t Taking the M2 wave as calibration signals, we extract the phase shifts of the water level relative to the Earth tide in the Zhouzhi well by utilizing the cross-correlation function. And we further obtain the apparent permeability variation in the aquifer of the Zhouzhi well in 2008. Comparison with the commonly used tidal analysis software Baytap-G shows that phase shifts obtained by cross-correlation function are more stable. The resulting apparent permeability of the Zhouzhi well aquifer fluctuates with time, indicating it is a dynamically controlled parameter. The 2008 wenchuan earthquake caused the apparent permeability increasing drastically, which is interpreted as the combination effects of effective stress changes and the barriers removing in the flow channel due to seismic wave pressure pulse. After the wenchuan earthquake, the effective stress began to recover and the impurities deposited gradually, causing the apparent permeability to decrease a month later and almost recover to the pre-earthquake level in six months.

关键词： apparent permeability Zhouzhi well underground water Earth tide 2008 wenchuanearth〈tuake

Reaearch on Skempton’s coefficient B based on the observation of groundwater of Changping station

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Earthquake Science 2009年第6期22卷 631-638页

作者： Yan Zhang Fuqiong Huang Guijuan lai Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake Administration Beijing 100081 China China Earthquake Networks Center Beijing 100045 China

Based on isotropie linear poroelastic theory and under the undrained condition, we summarize three equations connecting the Skempton＇s coefficient B with the groundwater level. After analysis, we propose a method to calculate the Skempton＇s coefficient B according to the relationship between water level and tidal strain. With this method we can get the value of B without the earthquake occurrence, which can provide the high frequency waves for research. Besides, we can also get the in-suit Skempton＇s coefficient B without the experiment of rock physics. In addition, we analyze the observed data of Changping station recorded in groundwater monitoring network （abv., GMN） before and after the wenchuan Ms8.0 with this method, and find out there＇s a slight change of the value of B after the seismic waves passed by, which implies that the propagation of seismic waves may have brought some variations to the poroelastic medium of the well.

关键词： Skempton's coefficient B water level tidal strain atmospheric pressure volumetric strain

Fault zone structures of northern and southern portions of the main central fault generated by the 2008 wenchuan earthquake using fault zone trapped waves

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Earthquake Science 2009年第4期22卷 417-424页

作者： Songlin Li Xiaoling lai Zhixiang Yao Qing Yang Geophysical Prospecting Center China Earthquake Administration Zhengzhou 450002 China Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake Administration Beijing 100081 China

The rupture process of the May 12, 2008 Ms8.0 wenchuan earthquake was very complex. To study the rupture zones generated by this earthquake, four dense temporary seismic arrays across the two surface breaking traces of the main-shock were deployed in July and recorded a great amount of aftershocks. This paper focuses on the data interpretation of two arrays across the central main fault, the northern array line 1 and southern array line 3. The fault zone trapped waves recorded by the two arrays were used to study the structure of the central main fault and the difference between the northern and southern portions. The results show that the widths of the rupture zone are about 170-200 m and 200-230 m for northern and southern portions respectively. And the corresponding dip angles are 80° and 70°. The seismic velocity inside the fracture zone is about one half of the host rock. By comparison, the northern portion of the rupture zone is slightly narrower and steeper than the southern portion. Besides these differences, one more interesting and important difference is the positions of the rupture zone with respect to surface breaking traces. At the northern portion, the rupture zone is centered at the surface breaking trace, while at the southern portion it is not but is shifted to the northwest. This difference reflects the difference of rupture behaviors between two portions of the central main fault. The width of the rupture zone is smaller than that of MS.1 Kunlun earthquake though these two earthquakes have almost the same magnitudes. Multiple ruptures may be one factor to cause the narrower rupture zone.

关键词： wenchuan earthquake seismic rupture zone fault zone trapped waves

全球2℃温升背景下青藏高原植被对气候变化的响应

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高原气象 2023年第1期42卷 49-59页

作者：鲍艳魏宇晨南素兰臧文川无锡学院江苏无锡214105 南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室/气候与环境变化国际合作联合实验室/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心江苏南京210044 中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室北京100081

《巴黎协定》提出全球暖化程度在21世纪末相对工业革命前控制在2℃以内的目标。青藏高原高寒植被对全球变暖非常敏感,在2℃温升这个边界增温条件下研究高原植被对气候变化的响应关系到高原生态安全问题,有重大现实意义。本文基于CMIP5... 详细信息

《巴黎协定》提出全球暖化程度在21世纪末相对工业革命前控制在2℃以内的目标。青藏高原高寒植被对全球变暖非常敏感,在2℃温升这个边界增温条件下研究高原植被对气候变化的响应关系到高原生态安全问题,有重大现实意义。本文基于CMIP5多模式模拟预测结果研究了高原植被对2℃温升的响应,并探讨了高原植被对于气候因子变化的敏感性,得到主要结论如下:在全球2℃温升背景下,高原植被叶面积指数(Leaf Area Index, lai)较历史参考期显著增加,高原变绿,其中高原中部lai和植被碳存储增加最为显著,三江源是植被lai增加较快的区域。增温后裸地面积迅速减少,植被覆盖率总体增加,大部分地区草地呈增加趋势,森林减少趋势变缓,说明在2℃温升期高原植被有所改善。在全球2℃温升背景下,高原植被覆盖率表现出对温度和降水率等气候因子更强的依赖性和敏感性,在增暖环境中,气温仍是影响高原植被生态系统变化的主控因子。

关键词：青藏高原 2℃温升植被变化叶面积指数(lai) CMIP5

Fault-zone trapped waves at Muyu in wenchuan earthquake region

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2011年第2期2卷 66-70页

作者： lai Xiaoling Sun Yi Geophysical Exploration Center China Earthquake Administration Zhengzhou 450002 China

Trapped waves in the Qingchuan fault zone were observed at Muyu near the northeastern end of the fractured zone of the wenchuan Ms8. 0 earthquake. The results indicate a fault-zone width of about 200 m and a great difference in physical property of the crust on different sides of the fault. The inferred location of crustal changes is consistent with land-form boundary on the surface

关键词： wenchuan earthquake region fault-zone trapped waves Longmenshan fault belt seismic records Qingchuan fault

Fault zone trapped waves at Longmenshan fault belt

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2013年第3期4卷 48-52页

作者： Sun Yi lai Xiaoling Geophysical Exploration Center China Earthquake Administration

Trapped waves in different sections of Longmenshan fault belt were observed, and the results show the difference between the northern and southern portions of this fault belt. Guanzhuang and Leigu surveying lines are located at the northern portion of the fault belt, and the result indicates that the width of the rupture zone underground in this area is about 160 - 180 m. The center position of rupture zone underground corresponds to the surface breaking trace, and is equally distributed at the edges of the two fault walls. However, Hongkou surveying line is located at the southern portion of the fault belt, and the result indicates that the width of the rupture zone underground in this area is about 180 -200 m. The rupture zone underground is mainly distributed below fault scarp. The wenchuan MsS. 0 earthquake and Lushan Ms7.0 earthquake both occurred at the Longmenshan fault belt. The results will provide information for the structure background of the two violent earthquakes.

关键词： Longmenshan fault belt fault zone trapped waves seismic record sectional difference

Exploration of fault-zone trapped waves at Pingtong Town,in wenchuan earthquake region

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2010年第1期1卷 29-33页

作者： Xiaoling lai Songlin Li Yi Sun Geophysical Exploration Center China Earthquake Administration Zhengzhou 450002 China

Pingtong Town is located on the fractured zone of the wenchuan 8.0 earthquake, and is seriously damaged by the earthquake. Our observation line is centered at an earthquake exploration trench across the fractured zone in the NW-SE direction, and is about 400 m long. The results reveal trapped waves in the rup- tured fault zone of the earthquake, and indicate a great difference in physical property between the media inside and outside the fault zone. The predominant frequency of the fault-zone trapped waves is about 3 -4 Hz. The wave amplitudes are larger near the exploration trench. The width of the fault zone in the crust at this location is estimated to be 200 m. In some records, the waveforms and the arrival times of S waves are quite different between the two sides of the trench. The place of change coincides with the boundary of uplift at the surface.

关键词： wenchuan earthquake region fault-zone trapped waves Longmenshan fault belt exploration seismic records

强震区隧道洞口段边坡动力响应特征离心振动台试验

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岩土力学 2020年第5期41卷 1605-1612,1624页

作者：任洋李天斌赖林成都理工大学地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室四川成都610059

强震后隧道震害调查表明,隧道洞口段的震害破坏尤其严重,需进一步加强隧道洞口段边坡动力响应方面的研究。以汶川地震灾区典型隧道洞口边坡为例,通过大型离心振动台试验,研究隧道洞口段边坡在强震作用下的动力响应特征及规律。试验研究... 详细信息

强震后隧道震害调查表明,隧道洞口段的震害破坏尤其严重,需进一步加强隧道洞口段边坡动力响应方面的研究。以汶川地震灾区典型隧道洞口边坡为例,通过大型离心振动台试验,研究隧道洞口段边坡在强震作用下的动力响应特征及规律。试验研究表明:(1)在边坡坡面和坡内的加速度放大均具有显著的高程效应;隧道拱顶的加速度放大系数大于隧道其他部位;越靠近隧道洞口的加速度放大效应越明显。(2)不同振幅下坡体的加速度放大效应均十分显著,并且低振幅下的加速度响应大于高振幅下的加速度响应。(3)在维持0.25g振动加速度下不同离心荷载等级下的坡体加速度放大系数均大于2.0;但随着离心荷载的增大,加速度放大系数增长很小。(4)随着边坡高程的增大,动土压力总体呈线性降低,在相对高程为0.48时(即隧道拱顶),其动土压力响应系数最大。研究成果能为强震区隧道洞口段的抗减震设计和相关研究提供借鉴。

关键词：隧道洞口边坡强震区离心振动台试验动力响应