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Unveiling the performance of a novel alkalizing bacterium Enterobacter sp.LYX-2 in immobilization of available Cd

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 245-257页

作者： Yixin Luo Min liao Xiongxiong Lu Na Xu Xiaomei Xie Weiming Gao College of Environmental and Resource Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment Hangzhou 310058China National Demonstration Center for Experimental Environmental and Resources Education Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

A novel alkalizing strain Enterobacter sp.LYX-2 that could resist 400 mg/L Cd was isolated from Cd-contaminated soil,which immobilized 96.05%Cd^(2+)from medium.Cd distribution analysis demonstrated that more than half of the Cd^(2+)was converted into extracellular precipitated Cd through mobilization of the alkali-producing mechanism by the strain LYX-2,achieving the high immobilization efficiency of Cd^(2+).Biosorption experiments revealed that strain LYX-2 had superior biosorption capacity of 48.28 mg/g for Cd.Pot experiments with Brassica rapa L.were performed with and without strain LYX-2.Compared to control,15.92%bioavailable Cd was converted to non-bioavailable Cd and Cd content in aboveground vegetables was decreased by 37.10%with addition of strain LYX-2.Available Cd was mainly immobilized through extracellular precipitation,cell-surface biosorption and intracellular accumulation of strain LYX-2,which was investigated through Cd distribution,Scanning Electron Microscope and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy(SEM-EDS),Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FT-IR),X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy(XPS)and Transmission Electron Microscopy(TEM)analysis.In addition,the application of strain LYX-2 significantly promoted the growth of vegetables about 2.4-fold.Above results indicated that highly Cd-resistant alkalizing strain LYX-2,as a novel microbial passivator,had excellent ability and reuse value to achieve the remediation of Cd-contaminated soil coupled with safe production of vegetables simultaneously.

关键词： Cadmium Enterobacter sp.LYX-2 Cd Immobilization Microbial passivator

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Partnering crops with root-associated microbes for soil health and agricultural sustainability

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 26-29页

作者： Cunhu WANG Yongjia ZHONG Hong liao Root Biology Center College of Resources and EnvironmentFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China

Increasing global demand for food presents a significant challenge to maintaining soil health and sustainable production of agricultural crops. As plant root-associated microbial fitness is greatly impacted by community growth, development, and nutrient acquisition, the cultivation of functional assembly of root-associated microbes may provide solutions for achieving food security while maintaining healthy soils. Here, we propose a four-part strategy to promote soil health and agricultural productivity by partnering crops with root-associated microbes.

关键词： crops soil agricultural

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Opto-fluidically multiplexed assembly and micro-robotics

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 544-554页

作者： Elena Erben Weida liao Antonio Minopoli Nicola Maghelli Eric Lauga Moritz Kreysing Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics Dresden 01307Germany Center for Systems Biology Dresden 01307Germany Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems–Biological Information Processing.Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT) Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344Germany Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics University of CambridgeCambridge CB30WAUK

Techniques for high-definition micromanipulations,such as optical tweezers,hold substantial interest across a wide range of disciplines.However,their applicability remains constrained by material properties and laser exposure.And while microfluidic manipulations have been suggested as an alternative,their inherent capabilities are limited and further hindered by practical challenges of implementation and control.Here we show that the iterative application of laser-induced,localized flow fields can be used for the relative positioning of multiple micro-particles,irrespectively of their material properties.Compared to the standing theoretical proposal,our method keeps particles mobile,and we show that their precision manipulation is non-linearly accelerated via the multiplexing of temperature stimuli below the heat diffusion limit.The resulting flow fields are topologically rich and mathematically predictable.They represent unprecedented microfluidic control capabilities that are illustrated by the actuation of humanoid micro-robots with up to 30 degrees of freedom,whose motions are sufficiently well-defined to reliably communicate personal characteristics such as gender,happiness and nervousness.Our results constitute high-definition micro-fluidic manipulations with transformative potential for assembly,micro-manufacturing,the life sciences,robotics and optohydraulically actuated micro-factories.

关键词： manipulation fluid assembly

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Practical cloud storage auditing using serverless computing

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 33-47页

作者： Fei CHEN Jianquan CAI Tao XIANG Xiaofeng liao College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University College of Computer Science Chongqing University

Cloud storage auditing research is dedicated to solving the data integrity problem of outsourced storage on the cloud. In recent years, researchers have proposed various cloud storage auditing schemes using different techniques. While these studies are elegant in theory, they assume an ideal cloud storage model;that is, they assume that the cloud provides the storage and compute interfaces as required by the proposed schemes. However, this does not hold for mainstream cloud storage systems because these systems only provide read and write interfaces but not the compute interface. To bridge this gap, this work proposes a serverless computing-based cloud storage auditing system for existing mainstream cloud object storage. The proposed system leverages existing cloud storage auditing schemes as a basic building block and makes two adaptations. One is that we use the read interface of cloud object storage to support block data requests in a traditional cloud storage auditing scheme. Another is that we employ the serverless computing paradigm to support block data computation as traditionally required. Leveraging the characteristics of serverless computing, the proposed system realizes economical, pay-as-you-go cloud storage auditing. The proposed system also supports mainstream cloud storage upper layer applications(e.g., file preview) by not modifying the data formats when embedding authentication tags for later auditing. We prototyped and open-sourced the proposed system to a mainstream cloud service, i.e., Tencent Cloud. Experimental results show that the proposed system is efficient and promising for practical use. For 40 GB of data, auditing takes approximately 98 s using serverless computation. The economic cost is 120.48 CNY per year, of which serverless computing only accounts for 46%. In contrast, no existing studies reported cloud storage auditing results for real-world cloud services.

关键词： cloud storage auditing serverless computing object storage usability

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Improving benzene catalytic oxidation on Ag/Co_(3)O_(4) by regulating the chemical states of Co and Ag

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 201-212页

作者： Hao Guo Tao Guo Mengqi Zhao Yaxin Zhang Wenfeng Shangguan Yinnian liao State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources Xinjiang UniversityXinjiang 830017China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Coal Clean Conversion&Chemical Engineering Process Xinjiang UniversityXinjiang 830017China School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xinjiang UniversityXinjiang 830017China Research Center for Combustion and Environmental Technology Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Applied Chemistry and Materials Zhuhai College of Science and TechnologyGuangdong 519041China

Silver(9 wt.%)was loaded on Co_(3)O_(4)-nanofiber using reduction and impregnation methods,respectively.Due to the stronger electronegativity of silver,the ratios of surface Co^(3+)/Co^(2+) on Ag/Co_(3)O_(4) were higher than on Co_(3)O_(4),which further led to more adsorbed oxygen species as a result of the charge compensation.Moreover,the introducing of silver also obviously improved the reducibility of Co_(3)O_(4).Hence the Ag/Co_(3)O_(4) showed better catalytic performance than Co_(3)O_(4) in benzene oxidation.Compared with the Ag/Co_(3)O_(4) synthesized via impregnation method,the one prepared using reduction method(named as Ag Co-R)exhibited higher contents of surface Co^(3+) and adsorbed oxygen species,stronger reducibility,as well as more active surface lattice oxygen species.Consequently,Ag Co-R showed lowest T_(90) value of 183℃,admirable catalytic stability,largest normalized reaction rate of1.36×10^(-4)mol/(h·m^(2))(150℃),and lowest apparent activation energy(E_(a))of 63.2 kJ/mol.The analyzing of in-situ DRIFTS indicated benzene molecules were successively oxidized to phenol,o-benzoquinone,small molecular intermediates,and finally to CO_(2) and water on the surface of Ag Co-R.At last,potential reaction pathways including five detailed steps were proposed.

关键词： Reduction method Co_(3)O_(4)-supported Ag catalyst,VOCs Benzene oxidation Reaction mechanism

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Nest complexity correlates with larger brain size but smaller body mass across bird species

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 496-504页

作者： Shaobin LI Yuxin LIU Xiaolong DU Guopan LI Wenbo liao College of Life Science Yangtze UniversityJingzhouChina Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation(Ministry of Education) China West Normal UniversityNanchongChina

Amniotes differ substantially in absolute and relative brain size after controlling for allometry,and numerous hypotheses have been proposed to explain brain size evolution.Brain size is thought to correlate with processing capacity and the brain’s ability to support complex manipulation such as nest-building skills.The increased complexity of nest structure is supposed to be a measure of an ability to manipulate nesting material into the required shape.The degree of nest-structure complexity is also supposed to be associated with body mass,partly because small species lose heat faster and delicate and insulated nests are more crucial for temperature control of eggs during incubation by small birds.Here,we conducted comparative analyses to test these hypotheses by investigating whether the complexity of species-typical nest structure can be explained by brain size and body mass(a covariate also to control for allometric effects on brain size)across 1353 bird species from 147 families.Consistent with these hypotheses,our results revealed that avian brain size increases as the complexity of the nest structure increases after controlling for a significant effect of body size,and also that a negative relationship exists between nest complexity and body mass.

关键词： body size brain size comparative analysis nest building nest type reproductive investment

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Positive definiteness of real quadratic forms resulting from the variable-step L1-type approximations of convolution operators

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第2期67卷 237-252页

作者： Hong-Lin liao Tao Tang Tao Zhou School of Mathematics Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106China Division of Science and Technology BNU-HKBU United International CollegeZhuhai 519087China SUSTech International Center for Mathematics Shenzhen 518055China NCMIS&LSEC Institute of Computational Mathematics and Scientific/Engineering ComputingAcademy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

The positive definiteness of real quadratic forms with convolution structures plays an important rolein stability analysis for time-stepping schemes for nonlocal operators. In this work, we present a novel analysistool to handle discrete convolution kernels resulting from variable-step approximations for convolution operators.More precisely, for a class of discrete convolution kernels relevant to variable-step L1-type time discretizations, weshow that the associated quadratic form is positive definite under some easy-to-check algebraic conditions. Ourproof is based on an elementary constructing strategy by using the properties of discrete orthogonal convolutionkernels and discrete complementary convolution kernels. To our knowledge, this is the first general result onsimple algebraic conditions for the positive definiteness of variable-step discrete convolution kernels. Using theunified theory, we obtain the stability for some simple nonuniform time-stepping schemes straightforwardly.

关键词： discrete convolution kernels positive definiteness variable time-stepping orthogonal convolution kernels complementary convolution kernels

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Base editor-mediated large-scale screening of functional mutations in bacteria for industrial phenotypes

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1051-1060页

作者： Yaomeng Yuan Xihao liao Shuang Li Xin-Hui Xing Chong Zhang MOE Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis Institute of Biochemical EngineeringDepartment of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolShenzhen 518055China Institute of Biomedical Health Technology and Engineering Shenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhen 440300China Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Base editing,the targeted introduction of point mutations into cellular DNA,holds promise for improving genome-scale functional genome screening to single-nucleotide resolution.Current efforts in prokaryotes,however,remain confined to loss-of-function screens using the premature stop codons-mediated gene inactivation library,which falls far short of fully releasing the potential of base editors.Here,we developed a base editor-mediated functional single nucleotide variant screening pipeline in Escherichia coli.We constructed a library with 31,123 sgRNAs targeting 462 stress response-related genes in E.coli,and screened for adaptive mutations under isobutanol and furfural selective conditions.Guided by the screening results,we successfully identified several known and novel functional mutations.Our pipeline might be expanded to the optimization of other phenotypes or the strain engineering in other microorganisms.

关键词： base editor high-throughput large-scale screening Escherichia coli functional mutation

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Effects of fracture evolution and non-Darcy flow on the thermal performance of enhanced geothermal system in 3D complex fractured rock

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第4期34卷 443-459页

作者： Yachen Xie Jianxing liao Pengfei Zhao Kaiwen Xia Cunbao Li Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering University of TorontoToronto M5S1A4Canada College of Water Resources and Hydropower Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610225China State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsWuhan 430071China College of Civil Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Institute of Geosafety School of Engineering and TechnologyChina University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of Deep Underground Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

In fractured geothermal reservoirs,the fracture networks and internal fluid flow behaviors can significantly impact the thermal performance.In this study,we proposed a non-Darcy rough discrete fracture network(NR-DFN)model that can simultaneously consider the fracture evolution and non-Darcy flow dynamics in studying the thermo-hydro-mechanical(THM)coupling processes for heat extraction in geothermal reservoir.We further employed the model on the Habanero enhanced geothermal systems(EGS)project located in Australia.First,our findings illustrate a clear spatial-temporal variation in the thermal stress and pressure perturbations,as well as uneven spatial distribution of shear failure in 3D fracture networks.Activated shear failure is mainly concentrated in the first fracture cluster.Secondly,channeling flow have also been observed in DFNs during heat extraction and are further intensified by the expansion of fractures driven by thermal stresses.Moreover,the combined effect of non-Darcy flow and fracture evolution triggers a rapid decline in the resulting heat rate and temperature.The NR-DFN model framework and the Habanero EGS's results illustrate the importance of both fracture evolution and non-Darcy flow on the efficiency of EGS production and have the potential to promote the development of more sustainable and efficient EGS operations for stakeholders.

关键词： Coupled THM model Non-Darcy flow Deformable DFN Enhanced geothermal systems

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Ignition processes and characteristics of charring conductive polymers with a cavity geometry in precombustion chamber for applications in micro/nano satellite hybrid rocket motors

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 55-66页

作者： Zhiyuan Zhang Hanyu Deng Wenhe liao Bin Yu Zai Yu Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094China

The arc ignition system based on charring polymers has advantages of simple structure,low ignition power consumption and multiple ignitions,which bringing it broadly application prospect in hybrid propulsion system of micro/nano satellite.However,charring polymers alone need a relatively high input voltage to achieve pyrolysis and ignition,which increases the burden and cost of the power system of micro/nano satellite in practical application.Adding conductive substance into charring polymers can effectively decrease the conducting voltage which can realize low voltage and low power consumption repeated ignition of arc ignition system.In this paper,a charring conductive polymer ignition grain with a cavity geometry in precombustion chamber,which is composed of PLA and multiwall carbon nanotubes(MWCNT)was proposed.The detailed ignition processes were analyzed and two different ignition mechanisms in the cavity of charring conductive polymers were revealed.The ignition characteristics of charring conductive polymers were also investigated at different input voltages,ignition grain structures,ignition locations and injection schemes in a visual ignition combustor.The results demonstrated that the ignition delay and external energy required for ignition were inversely correlated with the voltages applied to ignition grain.Moreover,the incremental depth of cavity shortened the ignition delay and external energy required for ignition while accelerated the propagation of flame.As the depth of cavity increased from 2 to 6 mm(at 50 V),the time of flame propagating out of ignition grain changed from 235.6 to 108 ms,and values of mean ignition delay time and mean external energy required for ignition decreased from 462.8 to 320 ms and 16.2 to 10.75 J,respectively.The rear side of the cavity was the ideal ignition position which had a shorter ignition delay and a faster flame propagation speed in comparison to other ignition positions.Compared to direct injection scheme,swirling injection provided a more favorable flow field

关键词： Micro/nano satellite hybrid propulsion Arc ignition Charring conductive polymer Ignition mechanism Ignition characteristic Repeated ignition

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