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纯基础研究中科学思维的探讨

科技导报 2024年第10期42卷 18-23页

作者：杨文采浙江大学地球科学学院杭州310057

讨论了自然科学理论革新的4种纯基础研究思维模式,即经典的还原论模式、数据驱动模式、AI生成协同模式和复杂系统思维模式,分析了这4种纯基础研究模式的特点和结构;将系统的思维方式概括为8个环节:组成、结构、属性、环境、行为、相态... 详细信息

讨论了自然科学理论革新的4种纯基础研究思维模式,即经典的还原论模式、数据驱动模式、AI生成协同模式和复杂系统思维模式,分析了这4种纯基础研究模式的特点和结构;将系统的思维方式概括为8个环节:组成、结构、属性、环境、行为、相态、演化和组织机制;并提出深化系统思维是当前理论革新的重要方向。

关键词：自然认知科学思维纯基础研究理论革新

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东非大裂谷的地壳和上地幔密度结构

地质论评 2024年第1期70卷 1-8页

作者：钱知之杨文采浙江大学杭州310058

利用卫星重力场数据和小波多尺度分析方法对东非大裂谷进行三维密度结构成像,取得了东非大裂谷地壳和上地幔多个深度等效层上的密度扰动图像,为东非大裂谷岩石圈结构和动力学的研究提供了重要佐证。结果表明,东非大裂谷中段的西支裂谷... 详细信息

利用卫星重力场数据和小波多尺度分析方法对东非大裂谷进行三维密度结构成像,取得了东非大裂谷地壳和上地幔多个深度等效层上的密度扰动图像,为东非大裂谷岩石圈结构和动力学的研究提供了重要佐证。结果表明,东非大裂谷中段的西支裂谷与东支裂谷的幔源熔体同源,但是西支裂谷发育较不充分、形成较晚。东非大裂谷的动力学模式为熔流体上涌的树形分叉模式,其要点包括:(1)低密度流体在软流圈大面积上涌;(2)流体在岩石圈继续上涌,部分转化为基性岩浆岩,平面面积缩小;(3)进入地壳后上涌熔流体分叉成多支,平面总面积进一步缩小;(4)熔流体上涌到上地壳后仅在裂谷带活动,反映为火山链和玄武岩带。

关键词：东非大裂谷卫星重力场小波多尺度分析三维密度结构成像熔流体运动

基于响应面法和CFD的轴流气吸式排种器优化设计

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中国农机化学报 2024年第8期45卷 14-19页

作者：张宇乾于淇胡志诚陈龙杨文彩张海东云南农业大学机电工程学院昆明市650201

为提高轴流气吸式排种器型孔入口处的负压从而提升吸种效率,采用响应面法和CFD软件对排种器结构参数进行试验设计和数值模拟并进行回归分析,得到排种器结构最佳参数组合。使用中央复合设计(CCD)对排种器结构参数进行试验设计并建立15组... 详细信息

为提高轴流气吸式排种器型孔入口处的负压从而提升吸种效率,采用响应面法和CFD软件对排种器结构参数进行试验设计和数值模拟并进行回归分析,得到排种器结构最佳参数组合。使用中央复合设计(CCD)对排种器结构参数进行试验设计并建立15组试验模型,使用FLUENT软件对试验模型的型孔入口压力值进行数值计算,将所得数据集导入Design-Expert软件并通过响应面法进行预测和寻优,得到的最佳参数组合为:扇叶转速为2393 r/min,扇叶个数为11,型孔数为15,此时目标函数预测型孔进口处的负压为210.07 Pa。为验证响应面法目标函数预测值的准确性,进行数值模拟试验和台架试验。结果表明,数值模拟法和响应面法的目标函数值基本一致,而台架法与数值模拟法的误差为6.2%。

关键词：轴流气吸式排种器响应面法计算流体动力学数值模拟

肺力咳合剂联合盐酸氨溴索和阿奇霉素治疗老年支原体肺炎患者的效果

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中国民康医学 2024年第4期36卷 117-119页

作者：王长福羊文彩周玉茹上蔡仁爱医院内科河南驻马店463800

目的:观察肺力咳合剂联合盐酸氨溴索和阿奇霉素治疗老年支原体肺炎患者的效果。方法:选取2020年1月至2022年1月该院收治的80例老年支原体肺炎患者进行前瞻性研究,按照随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组各40例。对照组采用盐酸氨溴索联合... 详细信息

目的:观察肺力咳合剂联合盐酸氨溴索和阿奇霉素治疗老年支原体肺炎患者的效果。方法:选取2020年1月至2022年1月该院收治的80例老年支原体肺炎患者进行前瞻性研究,按照随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组各40例。对照组采用盐酸氨溴索联合阿奇霉素治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用肺力咳合剂治疗,比较两组治疗总有效率,发热、咳嗽、咳痰、肺部干湿啰音等临床症状消失时间和住院时间,血清炎性因子[细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)和C反应蛋白(CRP)]水平,肺功能指标[最大呼气峰流速(PEF)、第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV_(1))/用力肺活量(FVC)]水平和不良反应发生率。结果:观察组治疗总有效率为95.00%,明显高于对照组的72.50%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:肺力咳合剂联合盐酸氨溴索和阿奇霉素治疗老年支原体肺炎患者可提高治疗总有效率和肺功能指标水平,缩短发热、咳嗽、咳痰、肺部干湿啰音消失时间和住院时间,降低炎性因子水平,效果优于单纯盐酸氨溴索和阿奇霉素治疗。

关键词：老年支原体肺炎盐酸氨溴索肺力咳合剂肺功能炎性因子

Design and experiment of the soil-covering and soil-compacting device for seedling raising and sowing of trough type panax notoginseng

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2023年第5期16卷 113-122页

作者： wencai yang Wang Pu Lulu Xu Ziyuan Tian Jing Zhao Yijie Zhang Zhenjie yang College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming 650201China Agricultural and rural Bureau Southwest Guizhou 562499China

In order to improve the seedling quality of Panax notoginseng,combined with the special agronomic requirements of Panax notoginseng,a sharp angle roller soil-covering and soil-compacting device integrating the functions of soil-covering and soil-compacting was *** on the theoretical analysis of seed ditch conditions,soil-covering process and soilcompacting process,the structure of soil-covering and soil-compacting device was *** theoretical analysis and calculation,the diameter and length of soil-covering and soil-compacting wheel were 20 cm and 10.7-14.1 cm,respectively,the sharp angle and height range were 45°-105°and 0.8-1.6 cm respectively,and the spring stiffness was 38.54 N/mm;Using the discrete element method to simulate the soil-covering and soil-compacting process,it was obtained that when the sharp angle range was 60°-90°,the sharp angle height range was 0.8-1.2 cm,and the soil-covering effect was better;Taking the forward speed,ballast pressure,sharp angle and sharp angle height of the planter as the test factors,and taking the soil-covering thickness,grain spacing and soil compactness as the indexes,the four factor and three-level Box-Behnken Design test was carried *** response surface test analysis method was used to establish the regression equation between the factors and indexes,and determine the best parameter combination:the forward speed was 6.5 m/min,the ballast pressure was 360.5 N,the sharp angle was 67°,and the sharp angle height was 1 cm,at this time,the soil-covering thickness was 0.64 cm,the grain spacing was 5.03 cm,and the soil compactness was 321.77 *** to the soil trough test,the design of soil-covering and soil-compacting device met the agronomic requirements of plant spacing,soil-compactness and soil-covering thickness during seedling sowing of Panax *** research results can provide a reference for the design of Panax notoginseng seedling planter integrating pressing hole(ditching),so

关键词： Panax notoginseng trough type seedling raising and sowing soil-covering and soil-compacting EDEM test

A review on developments in the electrical structure of craton lithosphere

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Science China Earth Sciences 2020年第11期63卷 1661-1677页

作者： Xiangyun HU Wule LIN wencai yang Bo yang Hubei Subsurface Multiscale Imaging Laboratory Institute of Geophysics and GeomaticsChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China School of Earth Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Cratons have a long history of *** this paper,applications of the magnetotelluric method used in the study of craton lithosphere over the past 30 years were reviewed,examining case studies of cratons in North America,South America,Asia,Australia,and *** nuclei of the Archean cratons,for example the Kalahari Craton and Rae Craton,are usually characterized by thick and highly resistive lithospheric *** or after the formation of the cratons,tectonothermal events,such as collision,mantle plume,and asthenosphere upwelling led to the formation of high-conductivity zones in the craton lithosphere,which could be attributed to the increased hydrogen content(of nominally anhydrous minerals),higher iron content,and formation of graphite films or sulfides along the grain boundary of *** conductive zones are characterized by resistivity discontinuities in craton *** particular,the conductive zones include(1)large-scale lithospheric mantle conductors beneath the Slave Craton,Gawler Craton,and central part of North China Craton(Trans-North China Orogen);(2)near-vertical high-conductivity zone associated with the fossil subduction zone beneath the Dharwar Craton and Slave Craton;and(3)regional lateral electrical discontinuities,such as a conductive anomaly under the Bushveld Complex of the Kaapvaal *** eMoho refers to the electrical discontinuity in the crust-mantle *** existing research,this has been detected under the condition of extremely high lithospheric resistivity with only a slight decrease in the lower crust,and in the case of a very thin conductive lower crust or the lack *** the resistivity model,the unique"mushroom-like"lower crust-lithosphere mantle conductor and very thin lower crust layer of the North China Craton may represent lithosphere destruction and/or *** also find that some of the cratons are still not well ***,extensive three-dimensional inversion and joint interpr

关键词： Craton Lithospheric electrical structure Magnetotellurics

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Deep decalcification of factory-provided freezing acidolysis solution to achieveα-high-strength gypsum

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第5期69卷 143-151页

作者： wencai Ye Yulu Li Yonggang Dong Lin yang Yun Yi Jianxin Cao School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Engineering Research Center of Efficient Utilization for Industrial Waste Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Green Chemical Industry and Clean Energy Technology Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China

The freezing acidolysis solution of the nitric acid-phosphate fertilizer process has a high calcium content,which makes it difficult to produce fine phosphate and high water-soluble phosphate fertilizer ***,based on the potential crystallization principle of calcium sulfate in NH_(4)NO_(3)-H_(3)PO_(4)-H_(2)O,the deep decalcification(*** removal)technology to achieveα-high-strength gypsum originated from freezing acidolysis-solutions has been firstly proposed and ***,calcium can be removed from the factory-provided freezing acidolysis-solution by neutralizing it with ammonia,followed by the addition of ammonium sulfate *** a result,the formation of calcium sulfate in the reaction system undergoes the nucleation and growth of CaSO_(4)·2H_(2)O(DH),as well as its dissolution and crystallization into short columnarα-CaSO_(4)·0.5H_(2)O(α-HH).Remarkably,with the molar ratio of SO_(4)^(2-)/Ca^(2+)at 1.8,the degree of neutralization(NH_(3)/HNO_(3) molar ratio)at 1.7,the reaction temperature of 94℃,and the reaction time of 300 min,the decalcification rate can reach 86.89%,of which the high-strengthα-CaSO_(4)·0.5H_(2)O(α-HH)will be ***,the deep decalcification product meets the standards for the production of fine phosphates and highly water-soluble phosphate ***,the 2 h flexural strength ofα-HH is 5.3 MPa and the dry compressive strength is 36.8 MPa,which is up to the standard of commercialα-HH.

关键词： Nitrophosphate Ammonia neutralization Deep decalcification High-strengthα-hemihydrate gypsum Controlled crystallization at atmospheric pressure

Discovering Crustal Deformation Bands by Processing Regional Gravity Field

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2016年第1期90卷 66-74页

作者： yang wencai SUN Yanyun Lab of Continental Tectonics and Dynamics Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences.26 Baiwanzhuang RoadBeijing 10037China China Areo Geophysical Survey&Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources 31 college RoadBeijing 100083China

Objectives： This article presents a new computational procedure to discover scratches buried in the earth＇s crust. We also validate this new interdisciplinary analysis method with regional gravity data located in a well-known Dabie orogenic zone for test. Methods： Based on the scratch analysis method evolved with mathematical morphology of surfaces, we present a procedure that extracts information of the crustal scratches from regional gravity data. Because the crustal scratches are positively and highly correlated to crustal deformation bands, it can be used for delineation of the crustal deformation belts. The scratches can be quantitatively characterized by calculation of the ridge coefficient function, whose high value traces delineate the deformation bands hidden in the regional gravity field. In addition, because the degree of crustal deformation is an important indicator of tectonic unit divisions, so the crust can be further divided according to the degree of crustal deformation into some tectonic units by using the ridge coefficient data, providing an objective base map for earth scientists to build tectonic models with quantitative evidence. Results： After the ridge coefficients are calculated, we can further enhance the boundary of high ridge-coefficient blocks, resulting in the so-called ridge-edge coefficient function. The high-value ridge-edge coefficients are well correlated with the edge faults of tectonic units underlay, providing accurate positioning of the base map for compilation of regional tectonic maps. In order to validate this new interdisciplinary analysis method, we select the Dabie orogenic zone as a pilot area for test, where rock outcrops are well exposed on the surface and detailed geological and geophysical surveys have been carried out. Tests show that the deformation bands and the tectonic units, which are conformed by tectonic scientists based on surface observations, are clearly displayed on the ridge and ridge-edge coefficient

关键词： tectonics earth's crust deformation band regional gravity field information extraction scratch analysis computer-generated image

Expanding the Wilson Cycle Based on Worldwide Comparison of Continental Structures Revealed by Lithospheric Geophysical Investigations

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2015年第2期89卷 327-331页

作者： yang wencai State key Lab of Continental Tectonics and Dynamics Institute of GeologyCAGS

Worldwide comparison of lithospheric investigation results achieved from projects of COCORP, BIRPS, DEKORP, LITHOPROBE, ICDP, ECORS and SINOPROBE enables us to expand the classical Wilson cycle, which mainly describes evolution of ocean plates, into a complete and detailed cycle that describes generation, development and evolution of both ocean and continent plates. The expanded Wilson cycle presented in this paper introduces the evolution sequences of continental lithospheric processes by adding into the classical Wilson cycle with ocean-continent transition, continental collision and accretion, as well as continental rifting and splitting in details. These mentioned continental lithospheric processes have been presented by the author in a series of recent review papers in detail, and their summary and further deduction is presented in this paper.

关键词： plate tectonics Wilson cycle worldwide comparison lithospheric investigation tectonicprocess ocean-continent transition continental accretion