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Development of wet adhesion of honeybee arolium incorporated polygonal structure with three-phase composite interfaces

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Friction 2024年第2期12卷 215-230页

作者： Lulu LIANG Jieliang ZHAO qun NIU Li yu Xiangbing WU wenzhong WANG Shaoze yan Zhenglei yu school of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Division of Intelligent and Biomechanical Systems State Key Laboratory of TribologyDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key of Bionic Engineering Ministry of EducationJilin UniversityChangchun 130022China

Inspired by the dynamic wet adhesive systems in nature,various artificial adhesive surfaces have been developed but still face different ***,the theoretical mechanics of wet adhesives has never been sufficiently ***,we develop a novel adhesive mechanism for governing wet adhesion and investigate the biological models of honeybee arolium for reproducing the natural wet adhesive ***-nano structures of honeybee arolium and arolium-prints were observed by Cryogenic scanning electron microscopy(Cryo-SEM),and the air pockets were found in the contact interface ***,the adhesive models with a three-phase composite interface(including air pockets,liquid secretion,and hexagonal frames of arolium),were formed to analyze the wet adhesion of honeybee *** results of theoretical calculations and experiments indicated an enhanced adhesive mechanism of the honeybee by liquid self-sucking effects and air-embolism *** these effects,normal and shear adhesion can be adjusted by controlling the proportion of liquid secretion and air pockets in the contact ***,the air-embolism effects contribute to the optimal coupling of smaller normal adhesion with greater shear adhesion,which is beneficial for the high stride frequency of *** works can provide a fresh perspective on the development of bio-inspired wet adhesive surfaces.

关键词： honeybee arolium air pockets wet adhesion a three-phase interface self-sucking effects air-embolism effects

Self-powered flexible fingerprint-recognition display based on a triboelectric nanogenerator

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3021-3028页

作者： Wandi Chen Haonan Wang Yibin Lin Xinyan Gan Heng Tang Yongai Zhang qun yan Tailiang Guo Xiongtu zhou Chaoxing Wu school of Physics and Information Engineering Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China Fujian science&Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of china Fuzhou 350116China

In the time of Internet of Things(IoT),alternating current electroluminescence(ACEL)has unique advantages in the fields of smart display and human–computer ***,their reliance on external high-voltage AC power supplies poses challenges in terms of wearability and limits their practical *** paper proposed an innovative scheme for preparing a feather triboelectric nanogenerator(F-TENG)using recyclable and environmentally friendly *** highest open-circuit voltage,short-circuit current,and transferred charge of SF6-treated F-TENGs can reach 449 V,63μA,and 152 nC,which enables easy lighting of BaTiO_(3)^(-)doped ACEL *** a human electrical potential,a single-electrode F-TENG is combined with ACEL device for self-powered fingerprint recognition *** works achieve self-powered flexible wearable ACEL devices,which are not only efficient and portable but also have good application prospects in the human–computer interaction,functional displays,and wearable electronic devices.

关键词： alternating current electroluminescent triboelectric nanogenerator feather reactive ion etching fingerprint recognition

Advancements of Macrophages Involvement in Pathological Progression of Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer and Associated Pharmacological Interventions

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第6期30卷 565-576页

作者： KE Jun-yu SONG Jin-bin LI Long HE Zhen-fan HUANG Zhuo-jian LIU Zheng-lin CHEN Gui-rong WANG Hai-yan wen Su-ru zhou Heng-li MA Hui-lin DU qun WU Yong-qiang LI yan-wu CHEN Xin-lin school of Basic Medical sciences Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou510006China Department of Surgery II Gaozhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGaozhou525200China science and Technology Innovation Center Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou510405China The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou university of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guangzhou510405China

Intestinal macrophages play crucial roles in both intestinal inflammation and immune homeostasis. They can adopt two distinct phenotypes, primarily determined by environmental cues. These phenotypes encompass the classically activated pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype, as well as the alternatively activated anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. In regular conditions, intestinal macrophages serve to shield the gut from inflammatory harm. However, when a combination of genetic and environmental elements influences the polarization of these macrophages, it can result in an M1/M2 macrophage activation imbalance, subsequently leading to a loss of control over intestinal inflammation. This shift transforms normal inflammatory responses into pathological damage within the intestines. In patients with ulcerative colitis-associated colorectal cancer (UC-CRC), disorders related to intestinal inflammation are closely correlated with an imbalance in the polarization of intestinal M1/M2 macrophages. Therefore, reinstating the equilibrium in M1/M2 macrophage polarization could potentially serve as an effective approach to the prevention and treatment of UC-CRC. This paper aims to scrutinize the clinical evidence regarding Chinese medicine (CM) in the treatment of UC-CRC, the pivotal role of macrophage polarization in UC-CRC pathogenesis, and the potential mechanisms through which CM regulates macrophage polarization to address UC-CRC. Our objective is to offer fresh perspectives for clinical application, fundamental research, and pharmaceutical advancement in UC-CRC.

关键词： macrophage ulcerative colitis colon cancer Chinese medicine

Meta label associated loss for fine-grained visual recognition

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science china(Information sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 230-247页

作者： yanchao LI Fu XIAO Hao LI qun LI Shui yu school of computer science Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications school of Network Engineering Zhoukou Normal University school of computer science University of Technology Sydney

Recently, intensive attempts have been made to design robust models for fine-grained visual recognition, most notably are the impressive gains for training with noisy labels by incorporating a reweighting strategy into a meta-learning framework. However, it is limited to up or downweighting the contribution of an instance for label reweighting approaches in the learning process. To solve this issue, a novel noise-tolerant method with auxiliary web data is proposed. Specifically, first, the associations made from embeddings of well-labeled data with those of web data and back at the same class are measured. Next, its association probability is employed as a weighting fusion strategy into angular margin-based loss, which makes the trained model robust to noisy datasets. To reduce the influence of the gap between the well-labeled and noisy web data, a bridge schema is proposed via the corresponding loss that encourages the learned embeddings to be coherent. Lastly, the formulation is encapsulated into the meta-learning framework, which can reduce the overfitting of models and learn the network parameters to be noise-tolerant. Extensive experiments are performed on benchmark datasets, and the results clearly show the superiority of the proposed method over existing state-of-the-art approaches.

关键词： label associated loss weighting noisy samples fine-grained visual recognition noise-tolerant learning meta-learning

High-resolution mid-infrared single-photon upconversion ranging

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Photonics Research 2024年第6期12卷 1294-1302页

作者： SHUHONG JIANG KUN HUANG TINGTING yu JIANAN FANG BEN sun yan LIANG QIANG HAO E.WU MING yan HEPING ZENG State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Optics Chongqing Institute of East China Normal UniversityChongqing 401121China Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China school of Optical Electrical and computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Shanghai Research Center for Quantum sciences Shanghai 201315China Guangyang Bay Laboratory Chongqing Institute for Brain and IntelligenceChongqing 400064China

Single-photon laser ranging has widespread applications in remote sensing and target ***,highly sensitive light detection and ranging(lidar)has long been restricted in the visible or near-infrared *** appealing quest is to extend the operation wavelength into the mid-infrared(MIR)region,which calls for an infrared photon-counting system at high detection sensitivity and precise temporal ***,we devise and demonstrate an MIR upconversion lidar based on nonlinear asynchronous optical ***,the infrared probe is interrogated in a nonlinear crystal by a train of pump pulses at a slightly different repetition rate,which favors temporal optical scanning at a picosecond timing resolution and a kilohertz refreshing rate ***,the cross-correlation upconversion trace is temporally stretched by a factor of 2×10^(4),which can thus be recorded by a low-bandwidth silicon *** combination with the time-correlated photon-counting technique,the achieved effective resolution is about two orders of magnitude better than the timing jitter of the detector itself,which facilitates a ranging precision of 4μm under a low detected flux of 8×10^(−5) photons per *** presented MIR time-of-flight range finder is featured with single-photon sensitivity and high positioning resolution,which would be particularly useful in infrared sensing and imaging in photon-starved scenarios.

关键词： resolution lidar repetition

Brain-inspired artificial intelligence research: A review

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science china(Technological sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 2282-2296页

作者： WANG GuoYin BAO HuaNan LIU qun zhou TianGang WU Si HUANG TieJun yu ZhaoFei LU CeWu GONG YiHong ZHANG ZhaoXiang HE Sheng Chongqing Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing 400065China Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Big Data Intelligent Security Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing 400065China College of computer and Information science Chongqing Normal UniversityChongqing 401331China State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive science Institute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China school of Psychological and Cognitive sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Multimedia Information Processing School of Computer SciencePeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of computer science School of ElectronicsInformation and Electrical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Faculty of Electronic and Information Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China The Center for Research on Intelligent Perception and Computing Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Artificial intelligence(AI) systems surpass certain human intelligence abilities in a statistical sense as a whole, but are not yet the true realization of these human intelligence abilities and behaviors. There are differences, and even contradictions, between the cognition and behavior of AI systems and humans. With the goal of achieving general AI, this study contains a review of the role of cognitive science in inspiring the development of the three mainstream academic branches of AI based on the three-layer framework proposed by David Marr, and the limitations of the current development of AI are explored and analyzed. The differences and inconsistencies between the cognition mechanisms of the human brain and the computation mechanisms of AI systems are analyzed. They are found to be the cause of the differences and contradictions between the cognition and behavior of AI systems and humans. Additionally, eight important research directions and their scientific issues that need to focus on braininspired AI research are proposed: highly imitated bionic information processing, a large-scale deep learning model that balances structure and function, multi-granularity joint problem solving bidirectionally driven by data and knowledge, AI models that simulate specific brain structures, a collaborative processing mechanism with the physical separation of perceptual processing and interpretive analysis, embodied intelligence that integrates the brain cognitive mechanism and AI computation mechanisms,intelligence simulation from individual intelligence to group intelligence(social intelligence), and AI-assisted brain cognitive intelligence.

关键词： artificial intelligence cognitive science brain science intelligence science large language model

SCREEN:predicting single-cell gene expression perturbation responses via optimal transport

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Frontiers of computer science 2024年第3期18卷 255-257页

作者： Haixin WANG yunhan WANG qun JIANG yan ZHANG Shengquan CHEN Cadre Medical Department The 1st Clinical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China school of Statistics Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics Bioinformatics Division of BNRISTDepartment of AutomationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China school of Mathematical sciences and LPMC Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

1 Introduction Recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)have enabled the study of how individual cells respond to various external perturbations such as drug stimulation at gene expression level[1].Precisely inferring perturbation responses allows us to explore how and why individual tumor cells evade cancer treatment,greatly advancing personalized medicine research and deepening our understanding of biological mechanisms[2].However,considering the high costs of sequencing and the complexity of obtaining perturbed samples,utilizing computational methods to predict cellular responses to perturbations holds great potential[2].

关键词： stimulation perturbation deepening

Geometric double-entity model for recognizing far-near relations of clusters

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science china(Information sciences) 2011年第10期54卷 2040-2050页

作者： WANG KaiJun ,yan XuanHui & CHEN LiFei school of mathematics and computer science,Fujian normal university,Fuzhou 350108,china school of mathematics and computer science Fujian Normal University Fuzhou China

When solving many practical problems,we not only need sample labels given by a clustering algorithm,but also rely on the recognition of far-near relations of *** the difficult condition of many clusters in a high-dimensional data set,the clustering visualization methods based on dimension reductions usually produce the phenomena,e.g.,some clusters are overlapping,interlacing,or pushed away;as a result,the far-near relations of some clusters are displayed wrongly or cannot be *** existing inter-cluster distance methods cannot determine whether two clusters are far away or *** geometric double-entity model method (GDEM) is proposed to describe far-near relations of clusters,and the methods such as the relative border distance,absolute border distance and region dense degree are designed to measure far-near degrees between *** pays attention to both the absolute distance between nearest sample sets and the dense degrees of border regions of two clusters,and it is able to uncover accurately far-near relations of clusters in a high-dimensional space,especially under the difficult condition mentioned *** experimental results on four real data sets show that the proposed method can effectively recognize far-near relations of clusters,while the conventional methods cannot.

关键词： geometric double-entity model far-near relations of clusters distance between clusters partitional clustering algorithms

Phase structure evolution and its effect on magnetic and mechanical properties of B-doped Sm_(2)Co_(17)-type magnets with high Fe content

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第9期33卷 582-588页

作者： Yao-wen Li Zhuang Liu Hai-Chen Wu Fang Wang Chao-qun Zhu Dong-Liang Tan yu Liu yang yang Ming-Xiao Zhang Ren-Jie Chen A-Ru yan Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry ofEducation&school of Chemistry and Materials science Shanxi Normal UniversityTaiyuan 030032China CISRI&NIMTE Joint Innovation Center for Rare Earth Permanent Magnets Ningbo Institute ofMaterial Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China university of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

The unique cellular microstructure of Fe-rich Sm_(2)Co_(17)-type permanent magnets is closely associated with the structure of the solid solution *** investigate the phase structure,magnetic properties,and mechanical behavior of B-doped Sm_(2)Co_(17)-type magnets with high Fe *** doped B atoms can diffuse into the interstitial vacancy,resulting in lattice expansion and promote the homogenization of the phase organizational structure during the solid solution treatment in ***,the resulting second phase plays a dominant role to result in more microtwin structures and highly ordered 2:17R phases in the solid solution stage,which inhibits the ordering transformation of 1:7H phase during aging and affects the generation of the cellular structure,and to result in a decrease in magnetic properties,yet the interface formed between it and the matrix phase hinders the movement of dislocations and enhances the mechanical ***,the precipitation of high flexural strain grain boundary phase induced by B element doping is also a new and effective way to improve the flexural strain of Sm_(2)Co_(17)-type *** study provides a new understanding of the phase structure evolution and its effect on the magnetic and mechanical properties of Sm_(2)Co_(17)-type magnets with high Fe content.

关键词： Sm_(2)Co_(17)-type magnets magnetic and mechanical properties