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A Composite Transformer-Based Multi-Stage Defect Detection Architecture for Sewer Pipes

Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 435-451页

作者： Zifeng Yu Xianfeng li lianpeng Sun Jinjun Zhu Jianxin lin School of Computer Science and Engineering Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao999078China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510275China Guangdong AIKE Environmental Science and Technology Co. Ltd.Zhongshan528400China

Urban sewer pipes are a vital infrastructure in modern cities,and their defects must be detected in time to prevent potential *** recent years,to relieve the manual efforts by human experts,models based on deep learning have been introduced to automatically identify potential ***,these models are insufficient in terms of dataset complexity,model versatility and *** work addresses these issues with amulti-stage defect detection architecture using a composite backbone Swin *** based on this architecture is trained using a more comprehensive dataset containingmore classes of *** ablation studies on the modules of combined backbone Swin Transformer,multi-stage detector,test-time data augmentation and model fusion,it is revealed that they all contribute to the improvement of detection accuracy from different *** model incorporating all these modules achieves the mean Average Precision(mAP)of 78.6% at an Intersection over Union(IoU)threshold of *** represents an improvement of 14.1% over the ResNet50 Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Network(R-CNN)model and a 6.7% improvement over You Only Look Once version 6(YOLOv6)-large,the highest in the YOLO *** addition,for other defect detection models for sewer pipes,although direct comparison with themis infeasible due to the unavailability of their private datasets,our results are obtained from a more comprehensive dataset and have superior generalization capabilities.

关键词： Sewer pipe defect detection deep learning model optimization composite transformer

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Combination of methylthio-chemistry with living crystallization-driven self-assembly toward uniformπ-conjugated nanostructures with antibacterial activity,surface tailorability,tunable morphology and dimension

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第7期67卷 2341-2352页

作者： Chuyu Duan Binbin Xu Ruru li Xiaoyu Huang Shaoliang lin Chun Feng Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China School of Chemistry and Materials Science Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemistry and Advanced Materials Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China

living crystallization-driven self-assembly(CDSA)provides robust access to uniformπ-conjugated nanostructures(CNSs)from block copolymers(BCPs)containing a crystallineπ-conjugated segment with controlled dimension,morphology and composition,which show appealing applications in biomedicine,photocatalysis and *** further expand the application spectrum of these CNSs,the development of facile strategies toward diverse CNSs with varying structures/functionalities is highly ***,BCPs consisting of oligo(p-phenylene ethynylene)-b-poly(polypropyl-3-methanethiol acrylate)(OPE_(9)-bPMTPA35and OPE_(9)-b-PMTPA_(58);the subscript represents the number of repeat unit of each block)consisting of a crystallineπ-conjugated core-forming OPE_(9)segment and a corona-forming PMTPA block are *** efficient“click-type”alkylation of methylthio groups,OPE_(9)-b-PMTPA with varying contents of sulfonium unit is *** ribbon-like micelles with different widths and lengths can then be generated in a controlled manner via the self-seeding approach of living ***,negatively charged polymeric and Ag nanoparticles can be immobilized on sulfonium/methylthio-containing shells by taking advantage of electrostatic attraction and coordination interaction,***,the ribbon-like micelles with positively charged shells exhibit antibacterial activity against *** the ease of modification of PMTPA-based shell and attractive opto-electronic/photocatalytic properties ofπ-conjugated units,the combination of methylthio-chemistry and living CDSA opens a new avenue to generate multi-functional CNSs for widespread applications from biomedicine to photocatalysis.

关键词： crystallization-driven self-assembly block copolymer π-conjugated nanostructure methylthio-chemistry

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Bunching enhancement for coherent harmonic generation by using phase merging effects

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第5期9卷 10-21页

作者： Ke Feng Kangnan Jiang Runshu Hu Shixia Luan wentao Wang Ruxin li State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics and CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics(SIOM)Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)ShanghaiPeople’s Republic of China School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiPeople’s Republic of China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China

In this paper,promising but simple schemes are investigated to enhance the micro-bunching of relativistic electron beams for coherent harmonic generation(CHG)by using phase merging *** contrast to the standard CHG scheme,two specially designed dispersion sections(DSs)are adopted with the DS-modulator–DS *** phase space of the e beam is appropriately coupled in the first DS,and the electrons within one seed wavelength can merge to the same phase with a matched second ***-bunching of the e beam can thus be enhanced by a large margin with much higher-harmonic *** e beams from laser wakefield accelerators(LWFAs)as an example,start-to-end simulations are performed to show the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed schemes with several *** beam current can be optimized to several tens to hundreds of kiloamperes,and the radiation power reaches hundreds of megawatts in the extreme ultraviolet regime within a 3.5 m-long *** proposed schemes offer new opportunities for future compact free-electron lasers driven by LWFAs and provides prospects for truly compact and widely applicable systems.

关键词： modulator harmonic phase

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Vitamin D binding protein in psychiatric and neurological disorders:Implications for diagnosis and treatment

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第5期11卷 324-334页

作者： ling li Bing Han Yan Kong Gaojia Zhang Zhijun Zhang Research Institution of Neuropsychiatry School of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210009China Department of Neurology Affiliated Zhongda HospitalNanjingJiangsu 210009China Department of Pharmacology Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care MedicineSchool of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210009China Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210009China Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute Department of Mental Health and Public HealthFaculty of Life and Health SciencesShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518055China

Vitamin D binding protein(VDBP)serves as a key transporter protein responsible for binding and delivering vitamin D and its metabolites to target *** plays a crucial part in the inflammatory reaction following tissue damage and is engaged in actin *** research has shed light on its potential role in various diseases,leading to a growing interest in understanding the implications of VDBP in psychiatric and neurological *** purpose of this review was to provide a summary of the existing understanding regarding the involvement of VDBP in neurological and psychiatric *** examining the intricate interplay between VDBP and these disorders,this review contributes to a deeper understanding of underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic *** gained from the study of VDBP could pave the way for novel strategies in the diagnosis,prognosis,and treatment of psychiatric and neurological disorders.

关键词： Neurological disorder Polymorphism Psychiatric disorder Structure Vitamin D binding protein

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Adaptive Emergency Control of Power Systems Based on Deep Belief Network

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第4期10卷 1618-1631页

作者： Junyong Wu Baoqin li liangliang Hao Fashun Shi Pengjie Zhao Department of Electrical Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100084China

Emergency control is an essential means to help system maintain synchronism after fault ***“offline calculation,online matching”scheme faces significant challenges on adaptiveness and robustness *** address these challenges,this paper proposes a novel closed-loop framework of transient stability prediction(TSP)and emergency control based on Deep Belief Network(DBN).First,a hierarchical real-time anti-jitter TSP method using sliding time windows is adopted,which takes into account accuracy and rapidity at the same ***,a sensitivity regression model is established to mine the implicit relationship between power angles and *** impending instability of the system is foreseen,optimal emergency control strategy can be determined in ***,responses after emergency control are fed back to the TSP *** prediction result is still unstable,an additional control strategy will be *** numerical case studies are conducted on New England IEEE 39-bus system and Northeast Power Coordinated Council(NPCC)140-bus *** show the proposed method can detect instability of system as soon as possible and assist in maintaining reliable system synchronism.

关键词： Deep learning emergency control power system sensitivity transient stability prediction

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Temporal and Spatial Trends in HIV Positivity Rate for VCT Clinics—China,2015–2022

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China CDC weekly 2024年第1期6卷 6-11页

作者： Yi liu Rong Su Dongmin li Shaorong Wang Mengjie Han National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

Introduction:Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)voluntary counseling and testing(VCT)clinics play a critical role in identifying and diagnosing HIV *** study aimed to describe the trend of HIV positivity rate(HPR)among Chinese VCT clinics between 2015 and ***:This study utilized data from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention to analyze the trend in the HPR for VCT clinics from 2015 to *** HPR was calculated by dividing the number of newly-reported HIV cases by the number of HIV tests,multiplied by 100%.To identify temporal and spatial trends in the HPR,we employed joinpoint regression analysis and the Getis-Ord hotspot ***:From 2015 to 2022,VCT clinics in China performed a total of 22,075,386 HIV tests,leading to the identification of 260,353 HIV cases,resulting in a HPR of 1.18%.The HPR consistently declined over the study period,with an average annual percent change(AAPC)of−7.5%(95%confidence interval:−12.6%,−2.2%,Plinics in China have played a significant role in identifying HIV *** declining HPR observed in these clinics may indicates the progress has been made in some degree in mitigating HIV among high-risk ***,it is crucial to further improving the utilization of VCT clinics for HIV testing.

关键词： VCT dividing Spatial

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Hybrid Analytical and Data-Driven Model Based Instance-Transfer Method for Power System Online Transient Stability Assessment

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第4期10卷 1664-1675页

作者： Feng li Qi Wang Yi Tang Yan Xu Jie Dang School of Electrical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 210000China Center for Power Engineering(CPE) School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Central China Branch of State Grid Corporation of China Wuhan 430077China

Data-driven methods are widely recognized and generate conducive results for online transient stability ***,the tedious and time-consuming process of sample collection is often *** functioning of power systems involves repetitive sample collection due to the constant variations occurring in the operation mode,thereby highlighting the importance of collection *** a means to achieve high sample collection efficiency following the operation mode change,we propose a novel instance-transfer method based on compression and matching strategy,which facilitates the direct acquisition of useful previous samples,used for creating the new sample ***,we present a hybrid model to ensure rationality in the process of sample similarity comparison and selection,where features of analytical modeling with special significance are introduced into data-driven *** the same time,a data-driven method can also be integrated in the hybrid model to achieve rapid error correction of analytical models,enabling fast and accurate post-disturbance transient stability *** a paradigm,we consider a scheme for online critical clearing time estimation,where integrated extended equal area criterion and extreme learning machine are employed as analytical model part and data-driven error correction model part,*** results validate the credible efficacy of the proposed method.

关键词： Critical clearing time extreme learning machine instance-transfer method transient stability assessment

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Metabolic plasticity of T cell fate decision

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第7期137卷 762-775页

作者： Xiaoli Pan Jiajia Wang lianjun Zhang Guideng li Bo Huang National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation Suzhou Institute of Systems MedicineChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeSuzhouJiangsu 215123China Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Element Suzhou Institute of Systems MedicineChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeSuzhouJiangsu 215123China Department of Immunology&National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology Institute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China Department of Biochemistry&Molecular Biology Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science&TechnologyWuhanHubei 430030China

The efficacy of adaptive immune responses in cancer treatment relies heavily on the state of the T *** antigen exposure,T cells undergo metabolic reprogramming,leading to the development of functional effectors or memory ***,within the tumor microenvironment(TME),metabolic stress impairs CD8+T cell anti-tumor immunity,resulting in exhausted *** studies suggested that targeting T cell metabolism could offer promising therapeutic opportunities to enhance T cell *** this review,we provide a comprehensive summary of the intrinsic and extrinsic factors necessary for metabolic reprogramming during the development of effector and memory T cells in response to acute and chronic inflammatory ***,we delved into the different metabolic switches that occur during T cell exhaustion,exploring how prolonged metabolic stress within the TME triggers alterations in cellular metabolism and the epigenetic landscape that contribute to T cell exhaustion,ultimately leading to a persistently exhausted *** the intricate relationship between T cell metabolism and cancer immunotherapy can lead to the development of novel approaches to improve the efficacy of T cell-based treatments against cancer.

关键词： T cell immunotherapy T cell differentiation T cell exhaustion Metabolic reprogramming Tumor microenvironment

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Construction of novel P-Si/TiO_(2)/HfO_(2)/MoS_(2)/Pt heterophotocathode for enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4428-4436页

作者： Jiaru li Jiayu Bai Songjie Hu wenyu Yuan Yuyu Bu Xiaohui Guo Key Lab of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Carbon Neutral TechnologyThe College of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNorthwest UniversityXi'an 710069China Key Lab of Wide Band-Gap Semiconductor Materials and Devices School of MicroelectronicsXidian UniversityXi’an 710071China Key Lab of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid ChemistryMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemistry&Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an 710062China

Photoelectrochemical devices have been developed to enable the conversion of solar ***,their commercial potential is restricted by the limited stability of the materials *** enhance the stability of photocathode and its solar water splitting performance,a P-Si/TiO_(2)/HfO_(2)/MoS_(2)/Pt composite photocathode is developed in this *** novel TiO_(2)/HfO_(2)/MoS_(2) serial nanostructure provides excellent stability of the photocathode,and optimizes the interface energy barrier to further facilitate the transfer process of photogenerated carriers within the *** best P-Si/TiO_(2)/HfO_(2)/MoS_(2)/Pt photocathode demonstrates an initial potential of 0.5 V(***)and a photocurrent density of-29 mA/cm^(2) at 0 V(***).Through intensity modulated photocurrent spectroscopy and photoluminescence test,it is known that the enhanced water splitting performance is attributed to the optimized carrier transfer *** findings provide a feasible strategy for the stability and photon quantum efficiency enhancement of silicon-based photocathode devices.

关键词： photoelectrochemical water splitting stability surface/interface engineering HfO_(2)layer

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Conditional Generative Adversarial Network Enabled Localized Stress Recovery of Periodic Composites

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第7期140卷 957-974页

作者： Chengkan Xu Xiaofei Wang Yixuan li Guannan Wang He Zhang Transportation and Municipal Engineering Institute Powerchina Huadong Engineering CorporationHangzhou310014China College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China Anhui Transport Consulting&Design Institute Co. Ltd.Hefei230088China Center for Balance Architecture Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China

Structural damage in heterogeneousmaterials typically originates frommicrostructures where stress concentration ***,evaluating the magnitude and location of localized stress distributions within microstructures under external loading is *** unit cells(RUCs)are commonly used to represent microstructural details and homogenize the effective response of *** work develops a machine learning-based micromechanics tool to accurately predict the stress distributions of extracted *** locally exact homogenization theory efficiently generates the microstructural stresses of RUCs with a wide range of parameters,including volume fraction,fiber/matrix property ratio,fiber shapes,and loading ***,the conditional generative adversarial network(cGAN)is employed and constructed as a surrogate model to establish the statistical correlation between these parameters and the corresponding localized *** stresses predicted by cGAN are validated against the remaining true data not used for training,showing good *** work demonstrates that the cGAN-based micromechanics tool effectively captures the local responses of composite *** can be used for predicting potential crack initiations starting from microstructures and evaluating the effective behavior of periodic composites.

关键词： Periodic composites localized stress recovery conditional generative adversarial network

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