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Sludge composition and characteristics shaped microbial community and further determined process performance: A study on full-scale thermal hydrolysis-anaerobic digestion processes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 96-107页

作者： wei Liu Chenxiang sun wei Li Tianle Li Zhan Chen Jiawei Wang Zhengran Ren Xianghua wen School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Jinneng Holding Group DatongShanxi 037000China Research and Development Center Beijing Drainage Group Co.Ltd.Beijing 100124China Beijing Dabeinong Science and Technology Group Co. Ltd.Beijing 100080China

Anaerobic digestion (AD) with thermal hydrolysis (TH) pretreatment is a promising process for excess sludge treatment,while there lacks of the knowledge from full-scale process about the impact of sludge composition and characteristics on microbial community and *** sludge physiochemical indices,microbial community and performance data of four full-scale TH-AD plants were characterized,and their relationships was *** four plants were operated under almost similar total organic loading rate (OLR)but their methanogenesis performance differentiate into two groups,namely superior group(SupG) and the inferior group (Inf G).In both groups,TH effectively solubilized particulate organic compounds,meanwhile raised the ammonia nitrogen (NH_(4)^(+)-N) and volatile fatty acid (VFA) *** with the Sup G,thermal hydrolyzed sludge of Inf G had higher level of VFAs,NH_(4)^(+)-N and total chemical oxygen demand (t COD),which showed higher inhibition effect on microbes,leading to a community with lower diversity,lower abundance of carbohydrate degrading functional guild,higher protein degrading one,and methanogens that adapted to limited substrates,and further declined the methane production ***,it was recommended that OLR alone was not sufficient for controlling the system in design and operation,the concentration of VFAs,NH_(4)^(+)-N and t COD should be equally *** higher concentration,together with the higher abundance of Defluviitoga and Proteiniphilum were recommended as indicators for inferior running *** results proposed that microbial communities played a role of bridge between environmental factors and performance,provided implications for engineering ecology and operational regulation for full-scale sludge TH-AD process.

关键词： Thermal hydrolysis Anaerobic digestion Microbial community Full-scale

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Significantly Enhanced Melt Memory Effect of Metallocene-made Isotactic Polypropylene Containing Talc

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第2期42卷 213-222,I0008页

作者： Hong-wen sun Fu-Shan Wang Yan Gao Fu-Qing wei Jia-Chun Feng State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Department of Macromolecular ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai200433China Lanzhou Petrochemical Corporation of PetroChina Lanzhou730060China Lanzhou Petrochemical Research Center Petrochemical Research Institute of PetroChinaLanzhou730060China

The melt memory effect is a widely observed phenomenon in semi-crystalline polymers. In practical applications, various additives are usually introduced into polymers, which may affect their melt memory behavior. In this work, the effect of talc on the melt memory effect of metallocene-made isotactic polypropylene(M-PP) was investigated in detail by using the differential scanning calorimetry. The results indicated that the introduction of talc significantly strengthened the melt memory effect of M-PP. Specifically, the upper limit temperature of Domain II increased from 161 ℃ to 174 ℃, resulting in a substantial widening of the temperature range of Domain IIa from 1 ℃ to 14 ℃. Analysis of the crystal orientation of the M-PP containing talc cooled from various Ts suggested that the remarkably enhanced melt memory effect could be ascribed to the stabilization of oriented nuclei facilitated by talc. This stabilizing effect was likely attributable to the prefreezing effect or the sorption interaction between talc and the M-PP chains.

关键词： Metallocene-made isotactic polypropylene Talc Melt memory effect Crystal orientation

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Interparticle energy transfer between NaNdF_(4) and NaYbF_(4) in self-assembled nanostructures

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1029-1035,I0001页

作者： Xinyu Chen Haoze Yang Yuyang Gu Chenqing wen Yishuo sun Jiaming Ke wei Feng Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Fudan University Shanghai200433China

Forster resonance energy transfer(FRET)is a widely used spectroscopic *** development of donor-acceptor combinations is essential to advance this *** make the energy transfer efficiency independent of the external environment,we explored the potential of constructing donor—acceptor combinations with lanthanide ion-doped nanoparticles(LNPs),in which the 4f electrons of the lanthanide ions are shielded by the 5s and 6p ***-radiative energy transfer between LNPs was demonstrated in self-assembled nanostructures and core-shell structure of LNPs was used to control the distance between donor and acceptor in self-assembled *** emission intensity ratio of donor and acceptor illustrates that the energy transfer efficiency decreases significantly with increasing distance and the effective energy transfer distance is 8.5 nm,showing the potential of using LNPs as donor-acceptor pairs in the construction of distance-dependent energy transfer system.

关键词： Lanthanide nanoparticles Self-assembly Energy transfer Distance Epitaxialgrowth Rare earths

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Relationship between chloride diffusivity and pore structure of hardened cement paste

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2011年第5期12卷 360-367页

作者： Guo-wen sun wei sun Yun-sheng ZHANG Zhi-yong LIU Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Construction Materials.Southeast University Nanjing 211189china

Based on effective media theory, a predictive model, relating chloride diffusivity to the capillary pores, gel pores, tortuosity factor, and pore size distribution of hardened cement, is proposed. To verify the proposed model, the diffusion coefficient of chloride ions, the degree of hydration, and peak radius of capillary pores of cement paste specimens were measured. The predicted results for chloride diffusivity were compared with published data. The results showed that the predicted chloride diffusivity of hardened cement paste was in good agreement with the experimental results. The effect of the evolution of pore structures in cement paste on chloride diffusivity could be deduced simultaneously using the proposed model.

关键词： Hardened cement paste Chloride diffusivity Porosity Tortuosity factor Constrictivity

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Polyoxometalates-derived nanostructures for electrocatalysis application

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 1845-1866页

作者： Chao-Yue sun wen Li Kai Wang wei-Jia Zhou Hai-Qing Wang Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research(iAIR) College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of JinanJinan250022China Shandong Electrical Engineering and Equipment Group Intelligent Electric Co. Ltd.Jinan 250022China

The conversion of intermittent renewable electrical energy to chemical energy is of great importance which can not only mitigate current energy and environmental crisis but also contribute to the ongoing carbon neutrality national *** is serving as a low-carbon conversion technology that enables green and efficient energy conversion mainly through hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR),and nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR).The core of electrocatalysis is the design and construction of low-cost high-activity and high-stability electrocatalyst to drive reaction thermodynamics and *** employment of polyoxometalates(POMs)as platforms or precursors to construct different types of electrocatalysts has been widely ***,we systematically summarized the recent advances in POM-derived nanostructures for electrocatalysis *** strategies for precursor design and electrocatalyst synthesis were briefly *** morphology control,phase control,composite modulation,and heterostructure engineering in POM-derived nanostructures were presented in *** structure–activity relationship of POM-derived nanostructures is fully discussed for HER CO_(2)RR,and NRR ***,the current challenges and future outlooks of POM-derived nanostructures are summarized to provide insights toward high-efficiency electrocatalysts for energy conversion technologies.

关键词： Microforming Cylindrical compression Size effects Grain orientation Inhomogeneous deformation

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Composition characterization and transformation mechanism of dissolved organic phosphorus in wastewater treatment using 31P NMR spectroscopy

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第3期18卷 103-113页

作者： Yuting Zhang wei Shang SoonThiam Khu Xingcan Zheng Yongli sun Pengfeng Li Miao Gu wen-an Zhang Huanmei Ma National Engineering Research Center For Urban Water&Wastewater North China Municipal Engineering Design&Research Institute Co.Ltd.Tianjin 300381China School of Environment Science&Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China

The migration and transformation of phosphorus components in wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)play a crucial role in the convergence and circulation of ***,the composition and variation of dissolved organic phosphorus(DOP)in WWTPs were unclear because of its complex nature,hindering its efficient *** this study,the DOP species and their transformation during the treatment process in WWTP were comprehensively ***,two enrichment methods were assessed for their effectiveness at facilitating wastewater analysis:lyophilization and aluminum salt *** salt precipitation was found to be better because its application allowed 31P nuclear magnetic resonance(31P NMR)spectroscopy to identify more species in the secondary effluent:orthophosphate(Ortho-P)(81.1%–89.3%of the dissolved total phosphorus),pyrophosphates(Pyro-P)(0%–2.3%),orthophosphate monoesters(Mono-P)(7.0%–10.77%),orthophosphate diesters(Di-P)(1.0%–2.96%),and phosphonate(Phos-P)(1.7%–5.16%).Furthermore,the variation and transformation mechanism of phosphorus,particularly those of DOP,during the entire sewage-treatment process were *** the treatment steps,biological treatment combined tertiary treatment achieved better DOP removal ***,biological treatment mainly removed Mono-P and Di-P with removal efficiencies of 33.3%and 41.7%compared with the effluent of the grit ***-P has higher bioavailability and is more easily converted and utilized by microorganisms than ***,Phos-P,with low bioavailability,was hardly utilized by microorganisms,which showed only 18.4%removal efficiency in biological *** tertiary treatment,coagulation process exhibited higher removal ability of Ortho-P(69.1%)and partial removal efficiencies of DOP,resulting in an increase in the DOP proportion in *** addition,Phos-P could not be effectively removed through the biological treatment and was only partially reduced via the adsorption pro

关键词： Municipal wastewater Dissolved organic phosphorus Composition Transformation 31P nuclear magnetic resonance

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On the global smooth solutions of 3D incompressible Hall-MHD equations

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2024年第2期39卷 319-327页

作者： YUE Gao-cheng sun wen-da School of Mathematics Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106China

The present paper is devoted to the well-posedness issue for the 3D incompressible Hall-MHD system obtained from kinetic models. Our analysis strongly relies on the use of the Fourier analysis. We establish the global existence of smooth solutions for a class of large initial data, this result implies the initial velocity and magnetic field can be arbitrarily large.

关键词： 3D Hall-MHD well-posedness Fourier analysis

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A novel profile modification HPF-Co gel satisfied with fractured low permeability reservoirs in high temperature and high salinity

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 683-693页

作者： Ya-Kai Li Ji-Rui Hou wei-Peng Wu Ming Qu Tuo Liang wei-Xin Zhong Yu-Chen wen Hai-Tong sun Yi-Nuo Pan China University of Petroleum Beijing Beijing102249China PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company Korla 841000XinjiangChina Key Laboratory of Improving Oil and Gas Recovery of Ministry of Education Northeast Petroleum University Daqing 163318HeilongjiangChina Xi'an Shiyou University Xi'an 710065ShaanxiChina Northwest Oilfield Company SINOPECUrumqi 830011XinjiangChina

Conformance control and water plugging are a widely used EOR method in mature ***,majority of conformance control and water plugging agents are unavoidable dehydrated situation in high-temperature and high-salinity low permeability ***,a novel conformance control system HPF-Co gel,based on high-temperature stabilizer(CoCl_(2)·H_(2)O,CCH)is *** HPF-Co bulk gel has better performances with high temperature(120℃)and high salinity(1×10^(5)mg/L).According to Sydansk coding system,the gel strength of HPF-Co with CCH is increased to code *** dehydration rate of HPF-Co gel is 32.0%after aging for 150 d at 120℃,showing excellent thermal *** rheological properties of HPF gel and HPF-Co gel are also *** results show that the storage modulus(G′)of HPF-Co gel is always greater than that of HPF *** effect of CCH on the microstructure of the gel is *** results show that the HPF-Co gel with CCH has a denser gel network,and the diameter of the three-dimensional network skeleton is 1.5-3.5μ*** 90 d of aging,HPF-Co gel still has a good three-dimensional *** spectroscopy results show that CCH forms coordination bonds with N and O atoms in the gel amide group,which can suppress the vibration of cross-linked sites and improve the stability at high *** core plugging test determines the optimized polymer gel injection strategy and injection velocity with HPF-Co bulk gel system,plugging rate exceeding 98%.Moreover,the results of subsequent waterflooding recovery can be improved by 17%.

关键词： Low permeability reservoir High-temperature resistant gel Complexation reaction Polymer gel injection strategy Plugging rate Enhanced oil recovery

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The"4+4"Medical Doctor(MD)Pilot Program at PUMC:Implementation,Performance,and Prospects

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Chinese Medical Sciences Journal 2024年第2期39卷 144-148页

作者： Jing-Jing Yi wei-wei Xu Chao Ma He Di Jing Jin Le Zeng wen-Ji Tu wen-wen sun Qin Zhang Office of Educational Affairs Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100730China

Peking Union Medical College(PUMC)launched the"4+4"Medical Doctor(MD)pilot program in 2018,admitting students with non-medical backgrounds from top universities,aligning with national medical talent training policies to foster diverse and eager learners in *** the occasion of the graduation of the first class of the"4+4"MD pilot class at PUMC in 2023,we reviewed the teaching reform in the pilot program and carried out a systematic survey and interviews with students,faculties,and management staff of the pilot *** article reports on the measures taken by the pilot class at PUMC in enrollment and curriculum setting,and demonstrates the achievements of the pilot class in terms of student academic background structure,knowledge acquisition and skill learning,scientific research ability,and course *** results indicated that the pilot class had met the national demand for the"Medicine+X"talent training *** specifically,with a diverse academic backgrounds,the pilot class graduates had academic levels comparable to the eight-year medical education graduates,and their scientific research abilities were *** pilot program at PUMC will optimize the curriculum setting,strengthen the construction of faculty,learning resources,and teaching facilities,and reform the academic evaluation methods,thus deepening the reform of medical education and improving the"4+4"MD program as a novel medical education model.

关键词： "4+4"MD pilot program teaching reform medical education

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Insight into the development of electrolytes for aqueous zinc metal batteries from alkaline to neutral

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第2期35卷 232-241页

作者： An Duan Sha Luo wei sun School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China

Aqueous zinc metal batteries are considered as promising candidates for next-generation electrochemical energy storage devices,especially for large-scale energy storage,due to the advantages of high-safety,high energy density and low *** the bridge connecting cathode and anode,electrolyte provides a realistic operating *** alkaline and neutral aqueous zinc metal batteries,issues associated with electrolyte and anode are still *** this review,we reveal the development and evolution of electrolytes for aqueous zinc metal batteries from alkaline to neutral via the description of fundamentals and challenges in terms of comparison and *** also elaborate the strategies in electrolytes regulation and highlight the basic roles and progresses in additives engineering.

关键词： Aqueous electrolytes Zinc metal batteries pH-dependent chemistry Electrolyte regulation Additives engineering

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