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Glucokinase activator improves glucose tolerance and induces hepatic lipid accumulation in mice with diet-induced obesity

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Liver Research 2023年第2期7卷 124-135页

作者： Nan Cai a Xuanrong Chen Jia Liu Zheyao wen Siyin wen wen Zeng shuo Lin Yanming Chen Guojun Shi Longyi Zeng Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology GuangzhouGuangdongChina Guangzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Mechanistic and Translational Obesity Research GuangzhouGuangdongChina Medical Center for Comprehensive Weight Control The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina

Background and aims:Type 2 diabetes mellitus remains a substantial medical problem with increasing global prevalence.Pharmacological research is becoming increasingly focused on personalized treatment strategies.Drug development based on glucokinase(GK)activation is an important strategy for lowering blood glucose.This study aimed to investigate the effect of GK activation on glucose and lipid metabolism in diet-induced obese mice.Materials and methods:Mice were fed with a high-fat diet(HFD)for 16 weeks to induce obesity,followed by a GK activator(GKA,AZD1656)or vehicle treatment by gavage for 4 weeks.The effect of GKA treatment on glucose metabolism was evaluated using glucose and insulin tolerance tests.Hepatic lipid accumulation was assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining,Oil Red O staining,and transmission electron microscopy.The underlying mechanism of GK activation in glucose and lipid metabolism in the liver was studied using transcriptomic analysis,with a mechanistic study in mouse livers in vivo and AML12 cells in vitro.Results:GK activation by GKA treatment improved glucose tolerance in HFD-fed mice while increasing hepatic lipid accumulation.Transcriptomic analysis of liver tissues indicated the lipogenesis and protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase(PERK)-unfolded protein response(UPR)pathway activations in GKA-treated HFD-fed mice.Inhibition of the ACC activity,which is an important protein in lipogenesis,attenuated GKA treatment-induced lipid accumulation and PERK-UPR activation in vitro.Conclusions:GK activation improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity while inducing hepatic lipid accumulation by increasing the lipogenic gene expression,which subsequently activated the hepatic PERK-UPR signaling pathway.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) Diabetes Glucokinase activator(GKA) High-fat diet(HFD)-induced obesity Hepatic lipid accumulation Unfolded protein response(UPR)

Boron-promoted reductive deoxygenation coupling reaction of sulfonyl chlorides for the C(sp3)-S bond construction

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第12期33卷 5101-5105页

作者： shuo Chen Qingru wen Yanqing Zhu Yanru Ji Yu Pu Zhengli Liu Yun He Zhang Feng Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research School of Pharmaceutical SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqing 401331China Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province North Sichuan Medical CollegeNanchong 637000China

Herein,we report a borane-promoted reductive deoxygenation coupling reaction to synthesize sulfides.This reaction features excellent functional group compatibility,high efficiency,broad substrate scope,and application in late-stage functionalization of biomolecules.Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest diaryl sulfides are the intermediates of this reaction.Moreover,the real active aryl sulfide anions may be generated in situ with the aid of B2pin2 and react with alkyl tosylates through a concerted SN2 pathway.

关键词： C-S bond formation Reductive deoxygenation coupling Borane Organosulfur compounds Green chemistry

Hard magnetic properties of melt-spun nanocomposite Y_(16)Fe_(78)B_(6)ribbons

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Rare Metals 2023年第2期42卷 602-605页

作者： Liang Sun kuo-She Li Hong-Wei Li Dun-Bo Yu Yang Luo Jin-Ling Jin shuo Lu Ning-Tao Quan GRIREM Advanced Materials Ltd General Research Institute for Nonferrous MetalsBeijing100088China

Melt-spun Y_(16)Fe_(78)B_(6)ribbons were prepared by the melt-spinning technique with pure elements Y,Fe and Fe-B alloy n argon.The ribbons are mainly composed of Y_(2)Fe_(14)B,YFe_(2)andα-Fe phases.Amorphous phase appears at the wheel velocity of>35 m·s^(-1).For the ribbons prepared at optimum wheel velocity and heat treatments,the coercivity,remanence and maximum energy product are239.5 kA·m^(-1),0.61 T and 32.7 kJ·m-3,respectively.By an investigation of Henkel plots of ribbons,it is found that intergrain exchange coupling leads to the enhancement of remanence.The coercivity mechanism of ribbons prepared at 35 m·s^(-1)is mainly controlled by inhomogeneous pinning of domain walls.The phase component and magnetic properties change with annealing temperature and time.The optimum magnetic properties are obtained with the ribbon quenched at 35 m·s^(-1)and annealed at 700℃for10 min.

关键词： Melt spinning Permanent magnets Y-Fe-B alloys Magnetic hardening

Medium-Mn steels for hot forming application in the automotive industry

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2021年第5期28卷 741-753页

作者： shuo-shuo Li Hai-wen Luo School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

Advanced high-strength steels have been widely used to improve the crashworthiness and lightweight of vehicles.Different from the popular cold stamping,hot forming of boron-alloyed manganese steels,such as 22MnB5,could produce ultra-high-strength steel parts without springback and with accurate control of dimensions.Moreover,hot-formed medium-Mn steels could have many advantages,including better mechanical properties and lower production cost,over hot-formed 22MnB5.This paper reviews the hot forming process in the automotive industry,hot-formed steel grades,and medium-Mn steel grades and their application in hot forming in depth.In particular,the adaptabilities of medium-Mn steels and the presently popular 22MnB5 into hot forming were compared thoroughly.Future research should focus on the technological issues encountered in hot forming of medium-Mn steels to promote their commercialization.

关键词： medium-Mn transformation-induced plasticity steel hot forming mechanical properties retained austenite baking

Divergence and correlated evolution of male wing spot and courtship display between Drosophila nepalensis and D.trilutea

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Insect Science 2022年第5期29卷 1445-1460页

作者： wen-Zhou Mo Zhuo-Miao Li Xiang-Mei Deng Ai-Li Chen Michael G.Ritchie De-Jun Yang Zhuo-Bin He Masanori J.Toda shuo-Yang wen Department of Entomology College of Plant ProtectionSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina School of Biology University of St AndrewsSt AndrewsUK Acoustics Laboratory Guangdong Institute of MetrologySouth China National Centre of MetrologyGuangzhouChina The Hokkaido University Museum SapporoJapan

Male-specific wing spots are usually associated with wing displays in the courtship behavior of Drosophila and may play important roles in sexual selection.Two closely related species,D.nepalensis and D.trilutea,differ in wing spots and scissoring behavior.Here,we compare male morphological characters,pigmentation intensity of male wing spots,wing-scissoring behavior,courtship songs,and reproductive isolation between 2 species.F1 fertile females and sterile males result from the cross between females of D.nepalensis and males of D.trilutea.The pigmentation of wing spots is significantly weaker in D.trilutea than in D.nepalensis and the F1 hybrid.Males scissor both wings in front of the female during courtship,with a posture spreading wings more widely,and at a faster frequency in D.nepalensis than in D.trilutea and the F1s.Males of D.trilutea vibrate wings to produce 2 types(A and B)of pulse songs,whereas D.nepalensis and the F1s sing only type B songs.The incidence of wing vibration and scissoring during courtship suggests that wing vibration is essential but scissoring is a facultative courtship element for successful mating in both species.The association between the darker wing spots with more elaborate scissoring might be the consequence of correlated evolution of these traits in D.nepalensis;however,D.trilutea retains wing scissoring during courtship despite having weaker pigmentation of wing spots.The genetic architecture of 2 traits differs in the F1s,consistent with maternal or sex-linked effects for spots but nonadditive effects for scissoring.

关键词： correlated evolution courtship song Drosophila nepalensis Drosophila trilutea wing display wing spot

傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱技术在稠油高低温氧化评价中的应用

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科学技术与工程 2024年第18期24卷 7615-7622页

作者：闫红星徐建斌陶硕秦敏姜文瑞刘妍杨俊印中国石油辽河油田分公司勘探开发研究院盘锦124010 国家能源稠(重)油开采研发中心盘锦124010 中国石油辽河油田分公司钻采工艺研究院盘锦124010 长安大学理学院西安710000

为了认识稠油开发过程中低温氧化与高温氧化阶段原油变化规律,利用静态氧化釜开展稠油的高低温氧化实验,借助傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱分析技术对高低温氧化前后的原油分子量及O、N、S杂原子化合物特征开展研究,结果表明:原油低温氧... 详细信息

为了认识稠油开发过程中低温氧化与高温氧化阶段原油变化规律,利用静态氧化釜开展稠油的高低温氧化实验,借助傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱分析技术对高低温氧化前后的原油分子量及O、N、S杂原子化合物特征开展研究,结果表明:原油低温氧化阶段分子量分布特征与原样相似,相对分子量分布范围在200~750,整体呈平缓状单峰型分布,高温氧化阶段分子量分布范围前移,呈明显的前峰单峰型分布;杂原子化合物中的O元素在低温氧化阶段主要以无环的饱和二元酸形式存在,在高温氧化阶段受环化、芳构化及脱甲基作用的影响,伴随着侧链烷基及杂原子基团的断裂和芳构化过程,造成原油中杂原子化合物向着碳数更小、双键当量(double bond equivalents,DBE)值更低的方向演化。该研究探索了温度与原油结构及化学组成之间的关系,对于指导稠油开发现场具有重要意义。

关键词：稠油火驱低温氧化高温氧化燃烧状态傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱

Associations of early-life factors and indoor environmental exposure with asthma among children:a case-control study in Chongqing,China

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第3期18卷 186-195页

作者： Yun-Tian Deng Xue-Mei Li En-Mei Liu wen-Kui Xiong shuo Wang Rui Zhu Yu-Bin Ding Zhao-Hui Zhong The First Clinical College Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Pediatric Outpatient Chongqing Health Center for Women and ChildrenChongqingChina National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and DisordersChongqing Key Laboratory of PediatricsChongqingChina Department of Respiratory Medicine Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina School of Public Health and Management Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina School of Public Health and Management Research Center for Medicine and Social DevelopmentInnovation Center for Social Risk Governance in HealthChongqing Medical UniversityNo.1Medical School RoadYu zhong DistrictChongqingChina

Background Childhood asthma has substantial effects on children’s health.It is important to identify influencing factors in early life in the development of childhood asthma.We aim to evaluate the effects of early-life factors and indoor environmental exposure on childhood asthma in Chongqing,China.Method We designed a case-control study to enrol children with asthma aged 3 to<14 years old and controls in Chongqing,China.The“Children’s Early Life and Indoor Environment Survey”was used to collect the early-life factors and indoor environmental exposure of foetuses in utero and of infants during the first 3 years of life.A multivariate logistic regression model was used to evaluate the association between independent variables and childhood asthma and the interaction of early-life factors and environmental exposure.Results A total of 160 asthma cases and 247 controls were included in this study.The mean ages of the cases and controls were 5.53±1.88 and 5.72±2.34 years,respectively(P=0.192).Early-life factors and indoor environmental exposure were independently associated with childhood asthma.Infectious diseases of the respiratory system in children under 3 years old[adjusted odds ratio(OR)=5.76,95%confidence interval(CI)2.49-13.30],bedroom air conditioner use(adjusted OR=4.61,95%CI 1.45-14.64),and bedroom dampness/mould(adjusted OR=2.98,95%CI 1.54-5.75)ranked as the three most significant exposures associated with the risk of childhood asthma.Other factors associated with an increased risk of childhood asthma included second-hand smoke exposure in early life(adjusted OR=1.93,95%CI 1.24-3.00),neonatal pneumonia(adjusted OR=1.90,95%CI 1.05-3.42)and maternal allergic diseases during pregnancy(adjusted OR=2.13,95%CI 1.10-4.10).The interaction effects of child second-hand smoke exposure with other covariates were not found to be statistically significant.Conclusions Early-life factors and indoor environmental exposure are closely related to childhood asthma in Chongqing,China.Further interventions and management in the

关键词： Asthma Children Environment Risk/protective factor

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2-羟甲基环戊酮的合成及核磁研究

化学研究 2024年第2期35卷 123-126页

作者：张桂红闻硕白鹏涛宋恒徐晨江苏科技大学环境与化学工程学院江苏镇江212100

以环戊酮-2-羧酸甲酯为原料,通过缩醛、还原、羰基脱保护三步反应合成2-羟甲基环戊酮。对第三步反应经行优化,在水相中廉价β环糊精高效促进羰基脱保护反应,操作简单、环境友好、经济高效,产率99%。中间产物和目标产物经NMR表征,并详细... 详细信息

以环戊酮-2-羧酸甲酯为原料,通过缩醛、还原、羰基脱保护三步反应合成2-羟甲基环戊酮。对第三步反应经行优化,在水相中廉价β环糊精高效促进羰基脱保护反应,操作简单、环境友好、经济高效,产率99%。中间产物和目标产物经NMR表征,并详细研究目标产物及其活泼氢的NMR。不同氘代试剂中,产物活泼氢出现在不同位置,通过重水交换,确定产物活泼氢的位置。

关键词： 2-羟甲基环戊酮核磁活泼氢

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长期“化肥有机替代”提升红壤腐解微食物网生态网络复杂性和稳定性

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土壤通报 2024年第2期55卷 448-459页

作者：罗美玲邢稳韩硕袁梦李忠芳张会民李冬初娄翼来中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所北京100081 贺州学院食品与生物工程学院广西贺州542800 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所北京100081

[目的]通过探究长期“化肥有机替代”对土壤腐解微食物网复杂性和稳定性的影响,为土壤可持续培肥管理提供理论依据。[方法]依托南方红壤长期施肥田间定位试验,利用高通量测序技术研究土壤腐解微食物网生物群落组成和多样性对长期化肥有... 详细信息

[目的]通过探究长期“化肥有机替代”对土壤腐解微食物网复杂性和稳定性的影响,为土壤可持续培肥管理提供理论依据。[方法]依托南方红壤长期施肥田间定位试验,利用高通量测序技术研究土壤腐解微食物网生物群落组成和多样性对长期化肥有机替代的响应,并通过共现网络分析方法评价长期化肥有机替代对土壤腐解微食物网生态网络复杂性和稳定性的影响。[结果]长期化肥有机替代显著改变了土壤细菌、真菌、原生动物及整体微食物网的物种群落组成,并显著提高土壤细菌、真菌、原生动物、线虫及整体微食物网生物群落的物种丰富度。各功能群生态网络的平均度、平均聚类系数、连通性和模块化程度等绝大多数拓扑参数均表现为化肥有机替代处理下较高;与常规施肥处理相比,化肥有机替代处理各功能群生态网络的鲁棒性较高,细菌、原生动物、线虫和整体微食物网生态网络的脆弱性较低。[结论]长期化肥有机替代提高了南方红壤细菌、真菌、原生动物、线虫及整体微食物网生物群落的物种多样性,并提升了微食物网的生态网络复杂性和稳定性,对土壤生态功能有着潜在的改善作用。

关键词：化肥有机替代土壤微食物网线虫原生动物微生物生态网络