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Hybrid Triboelectric Nanogenerators:From Energy Complementation to Integration

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Research 2021年第1期2021卷 542-564页

作者： Lingjie Xie Ningning zhai Yina Liu Zhen wen Xuhui Sun Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials(FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and DevicesSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China Department of Applied Mathematics Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China

Energy collection ways using solar energy,wave,wind,or mechanical energy have attracted widespread attention for small selfpowered electronic devices with low power consumption,such as sensors,wearable devices,electronic skin,and implantable *** them,triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)operated by coupling effect of triboelectrification and electrostatic induction has gradually gained prominence due to its advantages such as low cost,lightweight,high degree of freedom in material selection,large power,and high *** device with a single energy exchange mechanism is limited by its conversion efficiency and work environment and cannot achieve the maximum conversion of ***,this article reviews the research status of different types of hybrid generators based on TENG in recent *** energy generators will improve the output performance though the integration of different energy exchange methods,which have an excellent application *** the perspective of energy complementation,it can be divided into harvesting mechanical energy by various principles,combining with harvesters of other clean energy,and converting mechanical energy or various energy sources into hydrogen *** integrating multitype energy harvesters,mechanism of single device and structural design of integrated units for different application scenarios are *** expanding energy harvesting efficiency of the hybrid TENG makes the scheme of self-charging unit to power intelligent mobile electronic feasible and has practical significance for the development of self-powered sensor network.

关键词： harvesting Hybrid gained

A Note on L(2,1)-labelling of Trees

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2012年第2期28卷 395-400页

作者： Ming-qing zhai Chang-hong LU Jin-long SHU School of Mathematical Science Nanjing Normal University Jiangsu Nanjing 210046 China Department of Mathematics Chuzhou University Chuzhou 239012 China Department of Mathematics East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 China

An L（2, 1）-labelling of a graph G is a function from the vertex set V（G） to the set of all nonnegative integers such that │f（u） - f（v）│≥2 if dG（u, v） = 1 and │f（u） - f（v）│ ≥ 1 if dG（u, v） = 2. The L（2, 1）-labelling problem is to find the smallest number, denoted by A（G）, such that there exists an L（2, 1）-labelling function with no label greater than it. In this paper, we study this problem for trees. Our results improve the result of Wang [The L（2, 1）-labelling of trees, Discrete Appl. Math. 154 （2006） 598-603].

关键词： distance-two labelling L(2, 1)-labelling tree

SPATIAL DIFFERENTIATION OF LAND TRANSFER——Case Study of Shanghai, Nanjing and Taizhou in Changjiang River Delta

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Chinese Geographical Science 2006年第1期16卷 24-31页

作者： DU wen-xing HUANG Xian-jin zhai wen-xia PENG Bu-zhuo Department of Urban and Resources Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 P. R. China Department of Urban Plnnning and Resources Sciences Xianning College Xianning 437005 P. R. China

The policy of land transfer has greatly influenced the macro economy of China with the commencement of another innovation of land use system. Therefore, it is urgent to put forward some rational and feasible suggestions for local government to manage the market of land transfer. Moreover, it is important in the field of study on agricultural land use change to analyze the spatial differentiation and structural specification of land transfer, which are caused by rural households＇ behavior. This paper selected I l factors covering four aspects of rural households＇ family structure, family location, family income structure and the natural quality of land resources, all of which influence the behavior differentiation of rural households, to establish the index model indicating spatial differentiation of land transfer. Results show that the spatial differentiation of land transfer can be divided into four degrees and three categories through analyzing rural households＇ questionnaires from Shanghai, Nanjing and Taizhou in the Changjiang （Yangtze） River Delta. Since up to 80% of rural households belong to middle degrees, it can be concluded that the rural land market develops evenly in the study areas. And it is also indicated that the natural quality of land resources and the maximum income of rural land are most important factors influencing the spatial differentiation of land transaction. Considering different factors, the countermeasures can be carried out to enhance the spatial differentiation of land transfer so as to promote economic development and social security of rural China. All in all, both micro- factors and macro-factors influencing rural households＇ behavior of rural land transfer should be taken into account in order to make spatial differentiation and structural specification of rural land transfer notable.

关键词： land transfer spatial differentiation land transaction Changjiang River Delta

Cucurbit[8]uril-regulated face-to-face dimerization assembly enhanced photosensitization and photocatalysis

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1605-1612页

作者： Haigen Nie Die Hu Zhiyao Zeng Yan Fan Yaxin zhai Xin-long Ni Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Ministry of Educational of ChinaKey Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan ProvinceCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education Department of PhysicsHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China

In water, N,N′-diarylpyridinium thiazolo[5,4-d]thiazole guests(G1–G3) were encapsulated by cucurbit[8]uril(Q[8]) to construct Q[8]_(3)/G_(2) complexes, in which the encapsulated G molecules exist as an exact face-to-face dimer. These complexation behaviors have been indicated by proton nuclear magnetic resonance(~1H NMR) spectroscopy and isothermal titration calorimetry(ITC),and have been confirmed by X-ray single crystal structural analysis of Q[8]_(3)/G2_(2). While free guests G1–G3 have no ability to sensitize singlet oxygen, they all become effective singlet oxygen sensitizers when complexed with Q[8]. By irradiation of white light, Q[8]_(3)/G_(2) complexes induced selective oxidation of aryl sulfide to aryl sulfoxide in good yields and selective oxidation of dimethyl sulfide(DMS) to dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO) in excellent yields without over-oxidation to dimethyl sulfone(DMSO_(2))even for elongated irradiation. High-yield photo-oxidation of DMS to DMSO_(2) was only achieved by irradiation of blue light in the presence of Q[8]_(3)/G1_(2), which was also effective in photobleaching of Rhodamine B in water. The higher photo-oxidation power of Q[8]_(3)/G1_(2) has been ascribed to an additional generation of reactive oxygen species besides singlet oxygen.

关键词： host-guest interaction dimerization macrocycles photosensitization

Numerical study on Rayleigh-Taylor effect on cylindrically converging Richtmyer-Meshkov instability

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2019年第12期62卷 68-77页

作者： ZhiGang zhai Fu Zhang ZhangBo Zhou JuChun Ding Chih-Yung wen Department of Modern Mechanics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Beijing Institute of Space long March Vehicle Beijing 100076China Department of Mechanical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China

Evolution of a two-dimensional air/SF6 single-mode interface is numerically investigated by an upwind CE/SE method under a cylindrically converging circumstance. The Rayleigh-Taylor effect caused by the flow deceleration on the phase inversion(RTPI)is highlighted. The RTPI was firstly observed in our previous experiment, but the related mechanism remains unclear. By isolating the three-dimensional effect, it is found here that the initial amplitude(a0), the azimuthal mode number(k0) and the re-shocking moment are the three major parameters which determine the RTPI occurrence. In the variable space of(k0, a0), a critical a0 for the RTPI occurrence is solved for each k0, and there exists a threshold value of k0 below which the RTPI will not occur no matter what a0 is. There exists a special k0 corresponding to the largest critical a0, and the reduction rule of critical a0 with k0 can be well described by an exponential decay function. The results show that the occurrence of the RTPI requires a small a0 which should be less than a critical value, a large k0 which should exceed a threshold, and a right impinging moment of the re-shock which should be later than the RTPI occurrence. Finally, the effects of the incident shock strength, the density ratio and the initial position of the interface on the threshold value of k0 and on the maximum critical a0 are examined. These new findings would facilitate the understanding of the converging Richtmyer-Meshkov instability and would be helpful for designing an optimal structure of the inertia confinement fusion capsule.

关键词： converging shock wave Rayleigh-Taylor effect Richtmyer-Meshkov instability

Experimental Research on Temperature Sensing of Seawater Based on Three Interferometers Incorporated With Bow Tie Fiber

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Photonic Sensors 2023年第4期13卷 1-11页

作者： Changxin zhai Yu LI Shanshan WANG Jibo XU Zheng wen Jing WANG Optics and Optoelectronics Laboratory School of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China College of Physics and Center for Marine Observation and Communications Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China

Three interferometers(the Sagnac sensor,the linear polarization interferometer,and the reflecting polarization interferometer)incorporated with the bow tie fiber are proposed to detect the seawater *** tie fiber,a kind of polarization maintaining fiber,has stress induced *** three interferometers are categorized as transmission and reflection types to analyze the sensing *** experiments are performed to explore the influence of the wavelength and length of the bow tie fiber on the sensitivity and free spectral range(FSR).The sensitivity and FSR both increase with the wavelength *** sensitivity fluctuates in a small range and FSR decreases with the length *** reflecting polarization interferometer has the bigger sensitivity of–1.19 nm/℃than the other *** it has the advantages of easy fabrication,simple operation,and good stability,so it is applicable in real ocean *** work can provide a reference to researchers who do oceanographic research.

关键词： Seawater temperature sensing fiber optic sensor interferometer high sensitivity

Response of density-related fine root production to soil and leaf traits in coniferous and broad-leaved plantations in the semiarid loess hilly region of China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第3期33卷 1071-1082页

作者： Meimei Sun Bo-Chao zhai Qiu-wen Chen Guoqing Li Sheng Du State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming On the Loess Plateau Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi712100People’s Republic of China College of Forestry Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi712100People’s Republic of China Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water ResourcesYanglingShaanxi712100People’s Republic of China

Fine roots are the most active and functional component of root systems and play a significant role in the acquisition of soil resources. Density is an important structural factor in forest plantations but information on changes in fine roots along a density gradient is limited. In this study, plantations of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) and Chinese pine (Pinus tabuliformis Carr.) with four density classes were analyzed for the influence of soil and leaf traits on fine root growth. Fine root biomass increased with stand density. High fine root biomass was achieved through increases in the fine root production and turnover rate in the high-density black locust plantations and through an increase in fine root production in the pine plantations. In the high-density Chinese pine stand, there was a high fine root turnover which, coupled with high fine root production, contributed to a high fine root biomass. Overall, fine root production and turnover rate were closely related to soil volumetric water content in both kinds of plantations, while fine root biomass, especially the component of necromass, was related to soil nutrient status, which refers to phosphorous content in black locust plantations and nitrogen content in Chinese pine plantations. There was a close linkage between leaf area index and fine root dynamics in the black locust plantations but not in the pine plantations.

关键词： Fine roots Black locust Chinese pine Semiarid Soil moisture Leaf area index

Breviscapine alleviates hepatic injury and inhibits PKC-mRNA and its protein expression in brain-dead BA-Ma mini pigs

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2007年第6期6卷 604-609页

作者： Zhang, Shui-Jun Song, Yan zhai, wen-long Shi, Ji-Hua Feng, Liu-Shun Zhao, Yong-Fu Chen, Shi Zhengzhou Univ Affiliated Hosp 1 Dept Surg Zhengzhou 450052 Peoples R China Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Tongi Med Coll Tongji Hosp Inst Transplantat Wuhan 430030 Peoples R China

BACKGROUND: Brain-dead donors are the main sources for organ transplantation, but many studies show that brain-death affects the organ's function after transplantation. This study was undertaken to investigate liver injury after brain-death in BA-Ma mini pigs and the protective effects of breviscapine on hepatic function and on PKC-alpha mRNA and its protein expression. METHODS: Fifteen BA-Ma mini pigs were equally divided into 3 groups at random: brain-dead (group B), breviscapine pretreated (group P), and control (group Q. The brain-dead model was established by increasing intracranial pressure in a modified, slow and intermittent way. At 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours after the initial brain-death, the levels of serum AST, ALT, TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, and IL-6 were determined. The changes in hepatic tissues were assessed, and the expression of PKC-alpha and PKC-alpha mRNA was detected by immunohistochemistry and RTPCR, respectively. RESULTS: The levels of AST and ALT in groups B and P began to increase 12 hours after brain-death, while the values in group P were lower than those in group B (P<0.05). The levels of IL-1 beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha in groups B and P at 3, 6, 12 and 18 hours were lower than those in group B (P<0.05). At 6, 12 and 24 hours, the expressions of PKC-a mRNA and PKC-a protein in group P were lower than those in group B (P<0.05). The degree of injury to hepatic cells in group P was milder than that in group B. CONCLUSIONS: Breviscapine inhibits the degree of PKC-alpha mRNA transcription and its protein translation, decreases the release of inflammatory factors, and thus alleviates hepatic injury during brain-death.

关键词： breviscapine BA-Ma mini pigs brain-death protein kinase C

Controllable design of high-efficiency triboelectric materials by functionalized metal–organic frameworks with a large electronwithdrawing functional group

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Nano Research 2022年第10期15卷 9386-9391页

作者： Rongmei wen Rui Feng Bo Zhao Jiangfeng Song Liming Fan Junyi zhai Department of Chemistry College of ScienceNorth University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101400China College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

Triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)can directly convert mechanical energy into electric ***,the triboelectric materials are limited to the triboelectric ***,for the first time,we choose the isostructural UiO-66-X(X=H,NH_(2),NO_(2),and Br)family as triboelectric materials to investigate the underlying relationships between different functional groups and the triboelectric performance of *** traditional triboelectric material organic polymers,metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)can be oriented design synthesis and functionalized with various functional *** results demonstrate that the largest output voltage and current are from UiO-66-NO_(2) TENG,and are about 23.79 V and 0.29μA,which are 3.19 and 4.14 times over that of the UiO-66 TENG,*** working mechanism of the MOF TENG was discussed in depth through experiments and theoretical *** work proves a novel strategy to obtain high output properties by functionalized MOFs with large electron-withdrawing functional groups and promising guidance for the choice of high-efficiency triboelectric materials.

关键词： triboelectric nanogenerator metal-organic frameworks UiO-66 functional group isostructural