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Goal-Oriented Control Systems(GOCS):From HOW to WHAT

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第4期11卷 816-819页

作者： wen-Hua chen the Department of Aeronautical and Automotive Engineering Loughborough UniversityLeicestershireLE113TUU.K.

Brief:New control theory is required to underpin safe design and deployment of future highly automated systems to deal with uncertain environments and complicated tasks,enabled by AI and other advanced technologies.Goal-Oriented Control Systems offer potential to transform the control system design from currently instructing a control system how to perform a task to specifying what is to be achieved.

关键词： automated instru system

Risk factors of non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy and central retinal artery occlusion

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第5期17卷 869-876页

作者： Chu-han Ma Cong-Yao Wang Ting-Ting Dai Ting-Ting chen wen-Hui Zhu Department of Ophthalmology the First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080Guangdong ProvinceChina

AIM:To investigate the difference in risk factors between non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy(NAION)and central retinal artery occlusion(CRAO)and develop a predictive diagnostic nomogram.METHODS:The study included 37 patients with monocular NAION,20 with monocular CRAO,and 24 with hypertension.Gender,age,and systemic diseases were recorded.Blood routine,lipids,hemorheology,carotid and brachial artery doppler ultrasound,and echocardiography were collected.The optic disc area,cup area,and cup-to-disc ratio(C/D)of the unaffected eye in the NAION and CRAO group and the right eye in the hypertension group were measured.RESULTS:The carotid artery intimal medial thickness(C-IMT)of the affected side of the CRAO group was thicker(P=0.039)and its flow-mediated dilation(FMD)was lower(P=0.049)than the NAION group.Compared with hypertension patients,NAION patients had higher whole blood reduced viscosity low-shear(WBRV-L)and erythrocyte aggregation index(EAI;P=0.045,0.037),and CRAO patients had higher index of rigidity of erythrocyte(IR)and erythrocyte deformation index(EDI;P=0.004,0.001).The optic cup and the C/D of the NAION group were smaller than the other two groups(Phan NAION.NAION and CRAO may be related to abnormal hemorheology.A small cup and small C/D may be involved in NAION.The diagnostic nomogram can be used to preliminarily identify NAION and CRAO.

关键词： non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy central retinal artery occlusion risk factors diagnostic prediction model nomogram

Sampling-efficient path planning and improved actor-critic-based obstacle avoidance for autonomous robots

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 197-214页

作者： Yefeng YANG Tao HUANG Tianqi WANG wenyu YANG han chen Boyang LI Chih-yung wen Department of Aeronautical and Aviation Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Center for Control Theory and Guidance Technology Harbin Institute of Technology School of Engineering The University of Newcastle Research Center for Unmanned Autonomous Systems The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Autonomous robots have garnered extensive utilization in diverse fields. Among the critical concerns for autonomous systems, path planning holds paramount importance. Notwithstanding considerable efforts in its development over the years, path planning for autonomous systems continues to grapple with challenges related to low planning efficiency and inadequate obstacle avoidance response in a timely manner.This study proposes a novel and systematic solution to the path planning problem within intricate office buildings. The solution consists of a global planner and a local planner. To handle the global planning aspect, an adaptive clustering-based dynamic programming rapidly exploring random tree(ACDP-RRT) algorithm is proposed. ACDP-RRT effectively identifies obstacles on the map by leveraging geometric features.These obstacles are then represented as a collection of sequentially arranged convex polygons, optimizing the sampling region and significantly enhancing sampling efficiency. For local planning, a network decoupling actor-critic(ND-AC) algorithm is employed. The proposed ND-AC simplifies the local planner design process by integrating planning and control loops into a neural network(NN) trained via an end-to-end model-free deep reinforcement learning(DRL) framework. Moreover, the adoption of network decoupling(ND) techniques leads to an improved obstacle avoidance success rate when compared to conventional actor-critic(AC)-based methods. Extensive simulations and experiments are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed approach.

关键词： rapidly exploring random tree (RRT) adaptive clustering network decoupling actor critic (AC) path planning

Azocalixarenes: a scaffold of universal excipients with high efficiency

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1697-1706页

作者： Yu-Xin Yue Yi-Lin Lin Meng-Meng chen han-wen Tian Rong Ma Ze-han Wang Fang-Yuan chen Yu-chen Pan Dong-Sheng Guo College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic ChemistryKey Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials(Ministry of Education)Frontiers Science Center for New Organic MatterCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin)Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

Excipients are important components of pharmaceutical preparations that affect their quality, safety, and efficacy. Macrocyclic receptors are a family of supramolecular excipients with several advantages, including molecular-level protection, small sizes,fast kinetics of host-guest recognition, and modular construction. With the continuous advances in the medical field, personalized and precision medicine requires the development of excipients with low dosages, integrated modifying effects, universality,and controlled release. To meet these requirements, we have developed a new family of macrocyclic excipients based on calixarenes by integrating their covalent(broad chemical design space) and noncovalent(wide range of substrates) advantages.Accordingly, azocalixarenes(Azo CAs) were designed, showing high binding affinities to a broad spectrum of active pharmaceutical ingredients(APIs), selectivity to interferents, and responsiveness to hypoxic microenvironments. Due to their highly efficient and controllable recognition, Azo CAs serve as low-dose excipients for 30 APIs. Molecular encapsulation by Azo CAs results in the integrated modification of the physicochemical properties of APIs, including solubility, stability, bioavailability,and biocompatibility. Moreover, Azo CAs can be reduced by azoreductases overexpressed in hypoxic microenvironments,leading to the controlled release of APIs. Collectively, Azo CA excipients have broad application prospects for a series of diseases such as enteritis, arthritis, stroke, cancer, bacterial infection and kidney injury, with diverse therapeutic modalities,including chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, immunotherapy, boron neutron capture therapy, radiotherapy, fluorescence imaging, and their combinations.

关键词： supramolecular chemistry host-guest systems excipient calixarene molecular recognition

Observation of gapless corner modes of photonic crystal slabs in synthetic translation dimensions

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Photonics Research 2024年第3期12卷 444-455页

作者： wen-JIN ZhanG HAO-ChanG MO wen-JIE chen XIAO-DONG chen JIAN-wen DONG School of Physics&State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China

Second-order topological photonic crystals support localized corner modes that deviate from the conventional bulk-edge correspondence.However,the frequency shift of corner modes spanning the photonic band gap has not been experimentally reported.Here,we observe the gapless corner modes of photonic crystal slabs within a parameter space by considering translation as an additional synthetic dimension.These corner modes,protected by topological pumping in synthetic translation dimensions,are found to exist independently of the specific corner configuration.The gapless corner modes are experimentally imaged via the near-field scanning measurement and validated numerically by full-wave simulations.We propose a topological rainbow with gradient translation,demonstrating the ability to extract and separate specific frequency components of light into different spatial locations.Our work contributes to the advancement of topological photonics and provides valuable insights into the exploration of gapless corner modes in synthetic dimensions.

关键词： translation dimensions corner

Mechanism of selective laser trabeculoplasty:a systemic review

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第5期17卷 963-968页

作者： Yu-Feng chen wen Zeng Department of Ophthalmology Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071Hubei ProvinceChina

Although selective laser trabeculoplasty(SLT)is a recognized method for the treatment of glaucoma,the exact changes in the target tissue and mechanism for its intraocular pressure lowing effect are still unclear.The purpose of this review is to summarize the potential mechanisms of SLT on trabecular meshwork both in vivo and in vitro,so as to reveal the potential mechanism of SLT.SLT may induce immune or inflammatory response in trabecular meshwork(TM)induced by possible oxidative damage etc,and remodel extracellular matrix.It may also induce monocytes to aggregate in TM tissue,increase Schlemm’s canal(SC)cell conductivity,disintegrate cell junction and promote permeability through autocrine and paracrine forms.This provides a theoretical basis for SLT treatment in glaucoma.

关键词： mechanisms selective laser trabeculoplasty glaucoma trabecular meshwork

Impact of wastewater treatment plant effluent discharge on the antibiotic resistome in downstream aquatic environments:a mini review

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第3期18卷 131-141页

作者： Zhiguo Su Lyujun chen Donghui wen School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijng 100084China 2 Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Science and Technology Department of Environmental Technology and EcologyYangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua UniversityJiaxing 314050China College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Antimicrobial resistance(AMR)has emerged as a significant challenge in human health.Wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs),acting as a link between human activities and the environment,create ideal conditions for the selection and spread of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)and antibioticresistant bacteria(ARB).Unfortunately,current treatment processes are ineffective in removing ARGs,resulting in the release of large quantities of ARB and ARGs into the aquatic environment through WWTP effluents.This,in turn,leads to their dispersion and potential transmission to human through water and the food chain.To safeguard human and environmental health,it is crucial to comprehend the mechanisms by which WWTP effluent discharge influences the distribution and diffusion of ARGs in downstream waterbodies.In this study,we examine the latest researches on the antibiotic resistome in various waterbodies that have been exposed to WWTP effluent,highlighting the key influencing mechanisms.Furthermore,recommendations for future research and management strategies to control the dissemination of ARGs from WWTPs to the environment are provided,with the aim to achieve the“One Health”objective.

关键词： Antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs) Wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs) Effluent-receiving waterbodies Environmental risk Influencing mechanism

Acetaminophen overdose-induced acute liver injury can be alleviated by static magnetic field

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Zoological Research 2024年第3期45卷 478-490页

作者： han-Xiao chen Xin-Yu Wang Biao Yu Chuan-Lin Feng Guo-Feng cheng Lei Zhang Jun-Jun Wang Ying Wang Ruo-wen Guo Xin-Miao Ji wen-Jing Xie Wei-Li chen Chao Song Xin Zhang CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology High Magnetic Field LaboratoryHefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefeiAnhui 230031China Science Island Branch of Graduate School University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui 230026China Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui UniversityHefeiAnhui 230601China

Acetaminophen(APAP),the most frequently used mild analgesic and antipyretic drug worldwide,is implicated in causing 46%of all acute liver failures in the USA and between 40%and 70%in Europe.The predominant pharmacological intervention approved for mitigating such overdose is the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine(NAC);however,its efficacy is limited in cases of advanced liver injury or when administered at a late stage.In the current study,we discovered that treatment with a moderate intensity static magnetic field(SMF)notably reduced the mortality rate in mice subjected to high-dose APAP from 40%to 0%,proving effective at both the initial liver injury stage and the subsequent recovery stage.During the early phase of liver injury,SMF markedly reduced APAPinduced oxidative stress,free radicals,and liver damage,resulting in a reduction in multiple oxidative stress markers and an increase in the antioxidant glutathione(GSH).During the later stage of liver recovery,application of vertically downward SMF increased DNA synthesis and hepatocyte proliferation.Moreover,the combination of NAC and SMF significantly mitigated liver damage induced by high-dose APAP and increased liver recovery,even 24 h post overdose,when the effectiveness of NAC alone substantially declines.Overall,this study provides a noninvasive non-pharmaceutical tool that offers dual benefits in the injury and repair stages following APAP overdose.Of note,this tool can work as an alternative to or in combination with NAC to prevent or minimize liver damage induced by APAP,and potentially other toxic overdoses.

关键词： Acetaminophen Acute liver injury Static magnetic fields Oxidative stress DNA synthesis

Galerkin-based quasi-smooth manifold element(QSME)method for anisotropic heat conduction problems in composites with complex geometry

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第1期45卷 137-154页

作者： Pan WANG Xiangcheng han Weibin wen Baolin WANG Jun LIANG School of Civil Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Institute of Advanced Structure Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China School of Science Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055Guangdong ProvinceChina

The accurate and efficient analysis of anisotropic heat conduction problems in complex composites is crucial for structural design and performance evaluation. Traditional numerical methods, such as the finite element method(FEM), often face a trade-off between calculation accuracy and efficiency. In this paper, we propose a quasi-smooth manifold element(QSME) method to address this challenge, and provide the accurate and efficient analysis of two-dimensional(2D) anisotropic heat conduction problems in composites with complex geometry. The QSME approach achieves high calculation precision by a high-order local approximation that ensures the first-order derivative continuity.The results demonstrate that the QSME method is robust and stable, offering both high accuracy and efficiency in the heat conduction analysis. With the same degrees of freedom(DOFs), the QSME method can achieve at least an order of magnitude higher calculation accuracy than the traditional FEM. Additionally, under the same level of calculation error, the QSME method requires 10 times fewer DOFs than the traditional FEM. The versatility of the proposed QSME method extends beyond anisotropic heat conduction problems in complex composites. The proposed QSME method can also be applied to other problems, including fluid flows, mechanical analyses, and other multi-field coupled problems, providing accurate and efficient numerical simulations.

关键词： anisotropic heat conduction quasi-smooth manifold element(QSME) composite with complex geometry numerical simulation finite element method(FEM)