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Quantitative micro-electrochemical study of duplex stainless steel 2205 in 3.5wt%NaCl solution

International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2022年第11期29卷 2053-2063页

作者： Shuangyu cai Keke lu Xinnan Li Lei wen Feifei Huang Ying Jin National Center for Materials Service Safety University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Nuclear Equipment Division Beijing Institute of Nuclear EngineeringChina Nuclear Power Engineering Co.Ltd.Beijing 100840China Innovation Group of Marine Engineering Materials and Corrosion Control Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong LaboratoryZhuhai 519080China

Duplex stainless steels(DSSs)are suffering from various localized corrosion attacks such as pitting,selective dissolution,crevice corrosion during their service period.It is of great value to quantitatively analyze and grasp the micro-electrochemical corrosion behavior and related mechanism for DSSs on the micrometer or even smaller scales.In this work,scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy(SKPFM)and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS)measurements were performed to reveal the difference between the austenite phase and ferrite phase in microregion of DSS 2205.Then traditional electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)and potentiodynamic polarization(PDP)tests were employed for micro-electrochemical characterization of DSS 2205 with different proportion phases inϕ40 andϕ10μm micro holes.Both of them can only be utilized for qualitative or semi-quantitative micro-electrochemical characterization of DSS 2205.Coulostatic perturbation method was employed for quantitative micro-electrochemical characterization of DSS 2205.What is more,the applicable conditions of coulostatic perturbation were analyzed in depth by establishing a detailed electrochemical interface circuit.A series of microregion coulostatic perturbations for DSS 2205 with different proportion phases inϕ10μm micro holes showed that as the austenite proportion increases,the corresponding polarization resistance of microregion increases linearly.

关键词： duplex stainless steel 2205 quantitative micro-electrochemical study electrochemical impedance spectroscopy coulostatic perturbation scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy

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Research progress on naturally-occurring and semi-synthetic ocotillol-type ginsenosides in the genus Panax L.(Araliaceae)

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2021年第9期19卷 648-655页

作者： NIU Xue-Ni luO wen LV Chong-Ning lu Jin-cai Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang 110016China

Ocotillol(OT)-type ginsenosides,one subtype of ginsenosides,consist of a dammarane skeleton and a tetrahydrofuran ring.Most naturally-occurring OT-type ginsenosides exist in Panax species,particularly in Panax quinquefolius,which may be attributed to the warm and humid climate of its native areas.Till now,merely 28 types of naturally-occurring OT-type ginsenosides have been isolated.In contrast,semi-synthesized OT-type ginsenosides are attracted considerable attentions.These ginsenosides can be obtained through oxidation and cyclization of side chains of dammarane-type ginsenosides,and other methods,which may change their physical and chemical properties and further improve their bioavailabilities.It is also notable that the pharmacological activities of ginsenosides are closely related to the stereoisomers caused by the configuration at C-20.Semi-synthesis of OT-type ginsenosides can facilitate our understanding of the biosynthesis,transformation and metabolism of OT-type ginsenosides in the body.This review will systematically summarize the research progress on naturally-occurring and semi-synthetic OT-type ginsenosides,which provides a theoretical basis for their bioactivity-guided research.

关键词： Ocotillol-type ginsenosides Panax species Panax quinquefolius Structure-activity relationship

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Functional analysis of UG7207D3 associated with abamectin resistance in Tetranychus cinnabarinus(Boisduval)

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Insect Science 2020年第2期27卷 276-291页

作者： Meng-Yao Wang Xin-Yang Liu Li Shi Jia-lu Liu Guang-Mao Shen Ping Zhang Wen-Cai Lu Lin He Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering College of Plant ProtectionSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina Academy o f Agricultural Sciences Southwest UniversityChongqingChina

Uridine diphosphate(UDP)-glycosyltransferases(UGTS)are widely distributed within living organisms and share roles in biotransformation of various lipophilic endo-and xenobiotics with activated UDP sugars.In this study,it was found that the activity of UGTs in abamectin-resistant(AbR)strain was significantly higher(2.3-fod)than that in susceptible strain(SS)of Tetramychus cinnabarinus.Further analysis showed that 5-nitrouracil,the inhibitor ofUGTs,could enhance the lethal effect of abamectin on mites.From the previous microarray results,we found an UGT gene(UGT201D3)overexpressed in AbR strain.Quantitative PCR analysis showed that UGT20ID3 was highly expressed and more inducible with abamectin exposure in the AbR strain.After silencing the tran-scription of UGT201D3,the activity of UGTs was decreased and the susceptibility to abamectin was increased in AbR strain whereas it was not in sS.Furthermore,UGT201D3 gene was then succefully expressed in Escherichia coli.The recombinant UGT20ID3 exhibited a-naphthol activity(2.810.43 nmol mg protein/min),and the enzyme activity could be inhibited by abamectin(inhibitory concentration at 50%:57.50±3.54 μmol/L).High-performance liquid chromatography analysis demonstrated that the recombinant UGT201D3 could efctively deplete abamectin(15.77%±3.72%)incubating with 150 ug protein for 6 h.These results provided direct evidence that UGT201D3 was involved in abamectin resistance in T cinnabarinus.

关键词： abamectin resistance prokaryotic expression RNA interference Tetrumychus cimnabarins UDP-glycosy ltransferases

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Recent Progress in Fluorescent Formaldehyde Detection Using Small Molecule Probes

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2022年第2期6卷 204-215页

作者： Jiao-Jiao Zheng wen-cai Liu Feng-Niu lu Ying Tang Zhi-Qin Yuan College of Chemistry Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China

Formaldehyde(FA,a typical reactive carbonyl species)is a well-known environmental pollutant and a disease-related biomarker,making its sensitive and selective detection significant.Fluorescent probes have been explored for FA perception in environment,intracellular media and in vivo.In this review,we majorly conclude the recently represented fluorescence FA analysis based on small molecule probes.The general FA sensing mechanisms are first introduced.Regarding the FA detection in various environments,sensing tactics and performances are discussed in order of natural environment,living cells and in vivo.In the end,this review discusses the challenges and future trends of FA detection based on fluorescent probes.

关键词： Formaldehyde Small molecule probe Fluorescence detection Environmental monitoring Intracellular analysis In vivo imaging

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全/半双工混合蜂窝网络:用户准入和功率控制（英文）

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2018年第3期19卷 379-387页

作者： lu CHEN Ding-zhu wen cai-jun ZHONG Guan-ding YU Institute of Information and Communication Engineering Zhejiang University

考虑一个具有混合全/半双工基站的单小区蜂窝网络。对于有N条信道、K个上行用户和M个下行用户(max{K+M}≤N≤K+M)的实际场景,解决了用户准入和功率控制问题,在保证用户服务质量(QoS)的同时,最大化用户准入数量并最小化总发射功率。对于... 详细信息

考虑一个具有混合全/半双工基站的单小区蜂窝网络。对于有N条信道、K个上行用户和M个下行用户(max{K+M}≤N≤K+M)的实际场景,解决了用户准入和功率控制问题,在保证用户服务质量(QoS)的同时,最大化用户准入数量并最小化总发射功率。对于联合用户准入和功率分配问题,将该问题建模成一个0-1整数规划问题。由于寻找该问题最优解是一个NP-hard问题,通过引入"虚拟用户"的新概念,提出一种低复杂度算法。仿真结果表明,该算法和分支界定法性能相似,并且明显优于随机匹配算法的性能。

关键词：全双工半双工用户准入功率控制

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Theoretical Studies on N_2H+O Reaction

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2008年第3期24卷 371-377页

作者： lu Ying-wen lu wen-cai SU Zhong-min Jinan Vocational College Jinan 250100 P. R. China State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130023 P. R. China Institute of Functional Material Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 P. R. China

The N2H＋O potential energy profile was studied at the CCSD（T）/6-311G＋＋（df,p）//MP2/6-311G（d,p） level. Reactions associated with four intermediates（cis-HNNO, trans-HNNO, NNHO, and NNOH） were investigated. The results indicate that N2H＋O reaction toward H＋N2O is more favored than that toward N2＋OH, consistent with previous experimental studies. The pathways for the two reactions are found to go through cis-HNNO, transition state, and finally to the products. The N2H＋O→NH＋NO reaction was studied in detail. Product NO in such a reaction is likely to occur via cis-HNNO, followed by trans-HNNO, and finally dissociates into NH＋NO. These results suggest that N2H＋O→NH＋NO is an important channel in NO production.

关键词： N2H＋O NH＋NO Potential energy profile

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Scaly-sided Merganser(Mergus squamatus)equalizes foraging costs with depth by switching foraging tactics

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Avian Research 2023年第4期14卷 685-694页

作者： Peizhong Liu Meihan Liu Dongyang Xiao Ying He Rong Fan cai lu Li wen Qing Zeng Guangchun Lei Centre for East Asian-Australasian Flyway Studies Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China School of Ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China College of Forestry Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China The People’s Government of Shangqing Town Yingtan335004China NSW Department of Planning Industry and EnvironmentScienceEconomics and Insights DivisionSydney2150Australia Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Macquarie UniversitySydney2109Australia

Throughout evolutionary history,animals are finely tuned to adjust their behaviors corresponding to environmental variations.Behavioral flexibility represents an important component of a species'adaptive capacity in the face of rapid anthropogenetic environmental change,and knowledge of animal behaviors is increasingly recognized in conservation biology.In aquatic ecosystem,variation of water depth is a key factor affecting the availability of food;thus,the foraging behaviors of many waterbirds,especially piscivores.In this study,we compared the foraging behaviors of the Scaly-sided Merganser(Mergus squamatus),an endangered migratory diving duck endemic to East Asia,in habitats with different water depths(Shallow waters:0–40 cm;Deep waters:40–300 cm),using video camera records obtained from the known wintering sites during three winters from 2018 to 2020.Further,the energy expenditure of foraging behavior profile and energy intake based on fish sizes were calculated to study the foraging energetics.In total,200 effective video footages that contained 1086 min with 17,995 behaviors and 163 events of catching fish were recorded.Results showed that:1)time length for fishing(including eye-submerging,head-dipping,diving and food handling)of M.squamatus in shallow waters was significantly more than in deep waters;2)M.squamatuss spent significantly more time for preparing(including vigilance,preening and swimming)in deep waters than in shallow waters;3)the mean catch rate was 0.28 fish/min in shallow waters,which is significantly higher than the value of 0.13 fish/min in deep waters;4)despite the distinct foraging behavior profiles and energy intakes,M.squamatus showed similar energetics in shallow and deep waters.We concluded that M.squamatus is a good example of behavioral flexibility that aligns with expectations of optimal foraging theory,in that it behaves in accordance to resource availability in different environments,resulting in high foraging efficiency.

关键词： Foraging behavior adaption Foraging energetics In-stream habitats Migratory waterbird

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Study on ionic liquids based novel method for separation and purification of silkworm pupa protein

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2023年第1期34卷 382-387页

作者： wen Zhang Shaoqi Yang Baozeng Ren Xingmei lu cai Jia Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex SystemsInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology Zhengzhou 450000China Key Laboratory of New Materials and Facilities for Rural Renewable Energy of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs College of Mechanical&Electrical EngineeringHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450002China School of Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

Silkworm pupa protein(SPP)that obtained by traditional method usually had a high fat content,which would impose restrictions on the further use of SPP.Herein,various functionalized ionic liquids(ILs)were used to extract SPP from silkworm pupae,the structure-performance relationship of ILs with their SPP separation performance were explored at the same time.The research showed that the maximum extraction yield of SPP was up to 62.6%with less than 0.5%low fat content by using 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride([Emim]Cl),when the dissolution experiment was conducted at 90°C for 24 h with ethanol bath as the regeneration solvent.Comparing with the structure of raw material,the regenerated SPP maintained the native protein backbone.Meanwhile,all regenerated SPP showed a decreased crystallinity,which also exhibited decreased fraction of theα-helix comparing to thatβ-sheet united with coil random structures.

关键词： Silkworm pupa protein Ionic liquids Protein backbone Silkworm pupa Separation

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Effectiveness of a multifaceted intervention for the improvement of nutritional status and nutrition knowledge of children in poverty-stricken areas in Shaanxi Province, China

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Global Health Journal 2022年第3期6卷 156-163页

作者： cai Zhao lu Ma Liwang Gao Yan Wu Yating Yan wen Peng Youfa Wang Global Health Institute School of Public HealthXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710061China Center for Non-communicable Disease Management Beijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthBeijing 100045China Nutrition and Health Promotion Center Department of Public HealthMedical CollegeQinghai UniversityXiningQinghai 810008China

Objectives:Compare the differences between the intervention and control groups in changes of primary outcomes(body mass index[BMI]and waist-to-height ratio[WHtR])and secondary outcomes(nutrition knowledge of children and parents),from baseline to the 6-and 12-month follow-ups;examine the associations of changes in nutrition knowledge of children and their parents with children’s changes in BMI and WHtR.Data sources:Data collected from four schools in two poverty-stricken counties in northern Shaanxi Province in 2020‒2021.Methods:A multifaced intervention program targeted children(promoting healthy diet and nutrition education)and their parents(promoting nutrition knowledge)was conducted in the interventional group.Four schools,with two in each group,were randomly allocated to the intervention or control group,with 814 eligible children aged 7.1 to 12.8 years.The control group conducted myopia promotion.Differences in changes of BMI and WHtR between groups were compared with t-test.Mixed-effects model was used to examine the associations between changes in nutrition knowledge of children and parents with changes in children’s BMI and WHtR.Results:At the 6-month follow-up,the difference in changes in BMI between the intervention and control groups was 0.4 kg/m 2(Pluctuated,from 5.6%(23/409)to 6.6%(27/409)and 5.4%(22/409).However,the difference in changes in nutrition knowledge between intervention and control groups was non-significant.The 6-month follow-up changes in children’s nutrition knowledge scores were negatively associated with changes in BMI in girls(β=−0.26,95%confidence interval[CI]:−0.38 to−0.14,P<0.001),while

关键词： Nutrition knowledge Nutritional status Intervention Children Parents Shaanxi

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BARN:Behavior-Aware Relation Network for multi-label behavior detection in socially housed macaques

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Zoological Research 2023年第6期44卷 1026-1038页

作者： Sen Yang Zhi-Yuan Chen Ke-Wei Liang cai-Jie Qin Yang Yang wen-Xuan Fan Chen-lu Jie Xi-Bo Ma College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyangLiaoning 110169China MAIS State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence SystemsInstitute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China School of Automation Harbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbinHeilongjiang 150080China

Quantification of behaviors in macaques provides crucial support for various scientific disciplines,including pharmacology,neuroscience,and ethology.Despite recent advancements in the analysis of macaque behavior,research on multi-label behavior detection in socially housed macaques,including consideration of interactions among them,remains scarce.Given the lack of relevant approaches and datasets,we developed the Behavior-Aware Relation Network(BARN)for multi-label behavior detection of socially housed macaques.Our approach models the relationship of behavioral similarity between macaques,guided by a behavior-aware module and novel behavior classifier,which is suitable for multi-label classification.We also constructed a behavior dataset of rhesus macaques using ordinary RGB cameras mounted outside their cages.The dataset included 65?913 labels for19 behaviors and 60?367 proposals,including identities and locations of the macaques.Experimental results showed that BARN significantly improved the baseline SlowFast network and outperformed existing relation networks.In conclusion,we successfully achieved multilabel behavior detection of socially housed macaques with both economic efficiency and high accuracy.

关键词： Macaque behavior Drug safety assessment Multi-label behavior detection Behavioral similarity Relation network

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