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Effects of cerium on growth and physiological mechanism in plants under enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第1期18卷 125-129页

作者： LIANG Chan-iuan HUANG Xiao-hua TAO wen-yi ZHOU Qing The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology Ministry of Education Southern Yangtze University Wuxi 214036 China School of Biotechnology Southern Yangtze University Wuxi 214036 China College of Chemistry and Environmental Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210097 China

Effect of cerium （Ce^3＋） on the growth, photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme system in rape seedlings （Brassica juncea L.） exposed to two levels of UV-B radiation （T1： 0.15 W/m^2 and T2：0.35 W/m^2） was studied by hydroponics under laboratory conditions. After 5 d of UV-B treatment, the aboveground growth indices were obviously decreased by 13.2%-44. 1%（T1） and 21.4%-49.3% （T2）, compared to CK, and except active absorption area of roots, the belowground indices by 14.1%-35.6%（T1） and 20.3%-42.6% （T2）. For Ce＋UV-B treatments, the aboveground and belowground growth indices were decreased respectively by 4.1%-23.6%, 5.2% -23.3%（Ce＋T1） and 10.8%-28.4%, 7.0%-27.8%（Ce＋T2）, lower than those of UV-B treatments. The decrease of growth indices appeared to be the result of changes of physiological processes. Two levels of UV-B radiation induced the decrease in chlorophyll content, net photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and water use efficiency by 11.2%-25.9%（T1） and 20.9%- 56.9%（T2）, whereas increase in membrane permeability and activities of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase（SOD）, catalase （CAT） and peroxidase （POD） by 6.9%, 22.8%, 21.5%, 9.5%（T1） and 36.6%, 122.3%, 103.5%, 208.9%（T2）, respectively. The reduction of the photosynthetic parameters in Ce＋UV-B treatments was lessened to 3.2%-13.8%（Ce＋T1） and 4.9%-27.6%（Ce＋T2）, and the increase of membrane permeability and activities of antioxidant enzymes except POD in the same treatments were lessened to 2.4%, 8.4%, 6.6%（Ce＋T1） and 30.1%, 116.7%, 75.4%（Ce＋T2）. These results indicate that the regulative effect of Ce on photosynthesis and antioxidant enzymatic function is the ecophysiological basis of alleviating the suppression of UV-B radiation on growth of seedlings. Furthermore, the protective effect of Ce on seedlings exposed to TI level of UV-B radiation is superior to T2 level.

关键词： cerium(Ce^3+) UV-B radiation rape growth photosynthesis antioxidant enzyme system

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Biological effects of human lung cells MRC-5 in CBCT positioning for image-guided radiotherapy

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2017年第5期28卷 95-99页

作者： Chu-Feng Jin Hui Liu wen-yi Li Rui-Fen Cao School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Key Laboratory of Neutronics and Radiation Safety Institute of Nuclear Energy Safety TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences

Image-guided radiotherapy(IGRT) provides precise positioning for the tumor target, but it may bring extra irradiation dose in the target positioning with a cone beam CT(CBCT) which has been increasingly used in IGRT. In this work, we focused on biological effects of the low-dose irradiation in IGRT, which have not been considered so far. Primary human fibroblasts cells from the lung and MRC-5 were irradiated by a CBCT. DNA doublestrand breaks(c-H2 AX foci) and micronucleus frequency of the irradiated samples were analyzed. Compared to the control, the c-H2 AX foci yields of the samples irradiated to 16 m Gy increased significantly, and the micronuclei rate of the samples irradiated for 3 days increased notably. The dose by imaging guidance device can be genotoxic to normal tissue cells, suggesting a potential risk of a secondary cancer. The effects, if confirmed by clinical studies,should be considered prudentially in designing IGRT treatment plans for the radiosensitive population, especially for children.

关键词： Image-guided radiotherapy Cone beam CT Imaging irradiation Biological effects Secondary cancer

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Deuterated N-difluoromethylthiophthalimide:A stable,scalable reagent for radical and electrophilic deuteriodifluoromethylthiolations

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第9期33卷 4293-4297页

作者： Chunyang Hu Fangming Chen Guo-Ping Lu wen-Bin yi School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry Shanghai Institute Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China

A new,stable and scalable reagent for deuteriodifluoromethylthiolation(deuterated N-difluoromethylthiophthalimide,PhthSCF_(2)D)has been *** reagent can be applied for the photocatalytic radical deuteriodifluoromethylthiolation of various olefins and aldehydes(30 examples).Meanwhile,it can achieve the electrophilic deuteriodifluoromethylthiolation of a series of electrophilic substrates including electron-rich arenes,aryl/vinylboronicacids,alkynes,amines,thiols andβ-ketoesters(22 examples).Some complex molecules can also be applied in both radical and electrophilic deuteriodifluoromethylthiolation using PhthSCF_(2)D as the reagent.

关键词： Deuteration Deuteriodifluoromethylthiolation Photocatalytic Electrophilic Radical

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Brown planthopper E78 regulates moulting and ovarian development by interacting with E93

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第5期22卷 1455-1464页

作者： ZHENG Shi-wen JIANG Xiao-juan MAO yi-wen LI Yan GAO Han LIN Xin-da College of Life Sciences China Jiliang UniversityHangzhou 310018P.R.China College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014P.R.China

The brown planthopper(Nilaparvata lugens) is the main migratory pest in many rice growing areas in Asia. E78 is a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily which plays an important role in egg development and maternal regulation of early embryogenesis. In this study, brown planthopper E78(NlE78) was cloned, and the predicted amino acid sequence showed that it contains two conserved domains: NR-LBD and DBD. qRT-PCR showed that the expression of NlE78 is high in the fifth instar nymphs and the ovaries of females. After downregulation of NlE78, the rate of moulting failure(33.2%) increased significantly, and ovarian development was delayed. However, when NlE78was downregulated together with NlE93, the emergence rate increased significantly(78.79%), and ovarian development was similar to that when NlE78 was downregulated but not delayed. A co-immunoprecipitation experiment showed that NlE78 interacts with NlE93, a crucial downstream transcription factor of the ecdysone signalling pathway. Cellular localization by immunofluorescence revealed that NlE78 and NlE93 are expressed in the nucleus. This study indicates that NlE78 regulates ovarian development and moulting, possibly through its interaction with NlE93. This study is of great significance for the development of new pesticides and control methods based on newly discovered targets.

关键词： Nilaparvata lugens ecdysone E93 E78

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The valuation of multi-counterparties CDS with credit rating migration

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2020年第4期35卷 379-391页

作者： LI wen-yi GUO Hua-ying LIANG Jin Anis Ben Brahim School of Mathematical Sciences Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Bank of China Consumer Finance Company Limited Shanghai 200002China ENSTA Paris Tech Palaiseau Cedex 91762France

In this paper,the pricing of a Credit Default Swap(CDS)contract with multiple counterparties is *** pricing model takes into account the credit rating migration risk of the *** is a new model established under the reduced form framework,where the intensity rates are assumed to have structural *** derive from it a non-linear partial differential equation system where both positive and negative correlations of counterparties and the references are considered via a single factor ***,an ADI(Alternating Direction Implicit)difference method is used to solve the partial differential equations by *** the numerical results,the comparison of multi-counterparty CDS contract and the standard one are analyzed ***,the impact of default parameters on value of the contracts are discussed.

关键词： CDS credit rating migration risk multi-counterparties reduced form structure style

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DFT-assisted rational design of CoM_(x)P/CC(M=Fe,Mn,and Ni) as efficient electrocatalyst for wide pH range hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution

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Nano Research 2022年第10期15卷 8897-8907页

作者： Xiangrui Zhang Chunyan Sun Shusheng Xu Mengru Huang yi wen Xue-Rong Shi School of Materials Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering ScienceShanghai 201620China

Rational design of highly active transition-metal phosphides for electrocatalyzing overall water splitting in a wide pH range assisted by first-principle calculations can efficiently save the developing cost and hence is quite *** the guidance of density-functional theory(DFT)calculations that the introduction of dopants(Fe,Mn,and Ni)into CoP could promote the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)performances,a series of binder-free CoM_(x)P/carbon cloth(CC;M=Fe,Mn,and Ni;x=0,0.05,0.2,0.5,and 1)were *** experimental measurements and DFT calculations confirm the electronic modulation of *** calculations further reveal that the modulated electronic structure promotes the electronic conductivity,favors the adsorption of key species,and consequently promotes the electrochemical *** predicted,the bimetallic phosphides demonstrate excellent HER performances in alkaline,acidic,and alkaline simulated seawater solutions and also deliver excellent oxygen evolution reaction(OER)performances,overwhelming the commercial RuO_(2).Benefiting from the modulated electronic structure and the hierarchical structure with massive CoFe0.05P zero-dimensional(0D)quantum dots anchored on two-dimensional(2D)N-doped porous carbon,CoFe0.05P delivered the best HER in four kinds of electrolytes(ƞ10 of 73 mV in an alkaline simulated seawater solution)and OER in two kinds of electrolytes(ƞ10 of 264 mV in an alkaline solution)with excellent stability of 45 h in the alkaline *** assembled CoFe0.05P/CC//CoFe0.05P/CC with the electrodes folded by 180°can still maintain a low cell potential of 1.62 V at 10 mA·cm^(−2).This work proves the feasibility of the reported rational design strategy of developing efficient electrocatalysts for overall water splitting in a wide pH range.

关键词： bimetallic phosphide pH-universal hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) oxygen evolution reaction(OER) zero-dimensional(0D)/two-dimensional(2D) first-principle calculations

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Industrial Heritage Valorisation and Creative Industry Proliferation in Shanghai's Urban Regeneration

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Built Heritage 2018年第2期2卷 76-92页

作者： yi-wen Wanga Xiangyi Wang Department of Urban Planning and Design Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhouChina Urban Space Planning and Architectural Design Co. LTD(Shenzhen)Shanghai BranchShanghaiChina

While industrial manufacturing is giving way to the creative economy in the 21^(st) century,Shanghai-similar to many major cities around the world-is keen to bolster a stronger economy and increase its competitiveness by encouraging the development of cultural and creative *** the past decade,the Shanghai municipal government has made a concerted effort to exploit the heritage assets of the city’s industrial past to reform its economic *** has been a deliberate attempt to establish a stronger correlation between industrial heritage conservation and creative industry cluster *** aim of this research is to investigate the process of converting former industrial sites into loci of *** doing so,we can determine the main actors,how different stakeholder groups came into play and the evolution of the subtle interplay between the designation of heritage architecture and that of creative industry *** on qualitative research methods,this paper presents a detailed analysis of three case studies in Shanghai:M50 Creative Park,1933 Shanghai and the Cool *** results reveal the changing positions of three major stakeholder *** the private sector and the general public have developed increasing interests in the embedded economic and cultural values of the former industrial structures,local government has consciously reduced its presence and influence in valorising industrial ***,the growing public awareness of cultural heritage protection and the increasing interest in the economic contribution of cultural and creative industries are intrinsic to Shanghai’s reindustrialisation in the 21^(st) century.

关键词： industrial heritage creative industry urban governance stakeholder Shanghai

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Twistronics in graphene-based van der Waals structures

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第11期29卷 1-16页

作者： Ya-Ning Ren Yu Zhang yi-wen Liu Lin He Center for Advanced Quantum Studies Department of PhysicsBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

The electronic properties of van der Waals(vd W) structures can be substantially modified by the moiré superlattice potential, which strongly depends on the twist angle among the compounds. In twisted bilayer graphene(TBG), two lowenergy Van Hove singularities(VHSs) move closer with decreasing twist angles and finally become highly non-dispersive flat bands at the magic angle(~1.1°). When the Fermi level lies within the flat bands of the TBG near the magic angle,Coulomb interaction is supposed to exceed the kinetic energy of the electrons, which can drive the system into various strongly correlated phases. Moreover, the strongly correlated states of flat bands are also realized in other graphene-based vd W structures with an interlayer twist. In this article, we mainly review the recent scanning tunneling microscopy(STM)advances on the strongly correlated physics of the magic-angle TBG(MATBG) and the small-angle twisted multilayer graphene. Lastly we will give out a perspective of this field.

关键词： twisted bilayer graphene correlated states superconductivity

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Response of carbon footprint to plastic film mulch application in spring maize production and mitigation strategy

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第7期20卷 1933-1943页

作者： CHEN Bao-qing Shahar BARAM DONG wen-yi HE wen-qing LIU En-ke YAN Chang-rong Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081P.R.China Institute for Soil Water and Environmental SciencesAgricultural Research Organization(ARO)Volcani Research CenterBet Dagan 50250Israel

Producing more food with a lower environmental cost is one of the most crucial challenges worldwide. Plastic mulching has developed as one of the most dominant practices to improve crop yields, however its impacts on greenhouse gas(GHG) emissions during the production life cycle of a crop are still unclear. The objective of this work is to quantify the impacts of plastic film on GHG emissions and to reduce GHG emissions with innovative agronomic practices. Carbon footprint per unit of area(CFa), per unit of maize grain yield(CFy), and per unit of economic output(CFe) were evaluated for three maize cultivation systems: a no mulch system, a conventional plastic mulching system(PM) and a biennial plastic mulching pattern, namely a ’one film for 2 years’ system(PM2), during 2015–2018 in a maize field located on the Loess Plateau of China. The results suggested that PM induced a 24% improvement in maize yields during the four experimental years compared to a no-mulch treatment(NM). However, PM dramatically increased the CFa by 69%, 59% of which was created by the input of the plastic film material, and 10% was created by increases in the soil N2O emissions. The yield improvements from PM could not offset the increases in CFa, and CFy and CFe were both increased by 36%. Shifting from PM to PM2 did not reduce crop yields, but it led to a 21% reduction in CFa and 23% reductions in CFy and CFe due to the reduced input amount of plastic film, decreased soil N2O emissions, and less diesel oil used for tillage. Compared to NM, CFy and CFe were only 5% higher in PM2. This study highlights the necessity of reducing the amount of plastic film input in the development of low-carbon agriculture and shifting from conventional PM cultivation to PM2 could be an efficient option for mitigating GHG emissions while sustaining high crop yields in plastic mulched fields.

关键词： carbon footprint greenhouse gas plastic film maize

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Issues in conserving'orphan heritage'in Asia:WWIl battlefield conservation in Hong Kong and Malaysia

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Built Heritage 2021年第2期5卷 66-85页

作者： yi-wen Wang Jesse DiMeolo Gao Du Department of Urban Planning&Design Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University111 Ren'ai RoadDushu Lake Higher Education TownSuzhou Industrial ParkSuzhou 215123Jiangsu ProvinceChina Planning and Development Services Department The City of College Station4300 Milam StreetBryanTX 77801USA Department of Sociology Social Policy and CriminologyUniversity of Liverpoolbased at Department of Urban Planning&DesignXi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhouChina.

Wars and conflict have existed since the beginning of *** battlefield conservation work is done for battlefields that lie in the borders of the nations that were involved,thus fostering citizens'personal ties with the site and their national ***,some areas of the world suffer from conservation neglect because of the distance and separation between the battlefield's location and the country to which it is relevant,thus creating a dislocated appreciation of heritage described by Price(Confl Archaeol 1:181-196,2005)as'orphan heritage'.This paper questions the extent to which post-colonial nations are willing to protect and conserve World WarⅡbattlefields on their *** examines two battlefields in Asia-the Gin Drinkers'Line in Hong Kong,China,and the Green Ridge battlefield in Kampar,Malaysia--that have been the subject of campaigns to recognise their transnational heritage *** battles involved multinational Allied forces led by the British against Japanese troops.A combination of political and economic factors has influenced how the two battlefields are understood and appreciated by citizens and local governments in the host *** paper delineates how these two Asian battlegrounds,which are relatively unknown to the general public,have been brought to the public's attention and by whom as well as how the local governments have handled the demand to safeguard the *** argue that the global nature of WWⅡmakes its commemoration geographically challenging and politically *** WWⅡbattlefields in Asia attest to the historical authenticity of past conflicts and thus should be conserved as neutrally as *** successful protection of battlefields in Malaysia and Hong Kong thus far can be largely attributed to grassroots initiatives,pressure from stakeholder countries,such as the UK,and academic research whereby the significance of the battleground is made known to people in Hong Kong and *** public supp

关键词： World warⅡ battlefields conservation transnational heritage post-colonial countries

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