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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第4期35卷 189-199页

作者： Jie-Yu Zhu Yang-Zhou su Hai-Bo Yang Fen-Hua Lu Yan Yang Xi-wen Liu Ping Wei Shu-Cai Wan Hao-Qing Xie Xian-Qin Li Cong Dai Hui-Jun Hu Hong-Bang Liu Shu-wen Tang Cheng-Xin Zhao Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Guangxi Key Laboratory for Relativistic Astrophysics School of Physical Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China

The high energy cosmic-radiation detection(HERD)facility is planned to launch in 2027 and scheduled to be installed on the China Space Station.It serves as a dark matter particle detector,a cosmic ray instrument,and an observatory for high-energy gamma rays.A transition radiation detector placed on one of its lateral sides serves dual purpose,(ⅰ)calibrating HERD's electromagnetic calorimeter in the TeV energy range,and(ⅱ)serving as an independent detector for high-energy gamma rays.In this paper,the prototype readout electronics design of the transition radiation detector is demonstrated,which aims to accurately measure the charge of the anodes using the SAMPA application specific integrated circuit chip.The electronic performance of the prototype system is evaluated in terms of noise,linearity,and resolution.Through the presented design,each electronic channel can achieve a dynamic range of 0–100 fC,the RMS noise level not exceeding 0.15 fC,and the integral nonlinearity wassults show that the prototype system can satisfy the requirements of the detector's scientific goals.

关键词： HERD Dark matter particle detection TRD Readout electronics SAMPA Data acquisition Performance test

Identification and characterization of human hematopoietic mesoderm

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 320-331页

作者： Yuqi wen Jingjing Zhao Runqing Zhang Fan Liu Xiaoyuan Chen Dan Wu Mengge Wang Cuicui Liu Pei su Panpan Meng Yiyue Zhang Xin Gao Lu Wang Hongtao Wang Jiaxi Zhou State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology National Clinical Research Center for Blood DiseasesHaihe Laboratory of Cell EcosystemInstitute of Hematology&Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin 300020China Tianjin Institutes of Health Science Tianjin 301600China CAMS Center for Stem Cell Medicine PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative MedicineTianjin 300020China Division of Cell Developmental and Integrative BiologySchool of MedicineSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China

The embryonic mesoderm comprises heterogeneous cell subpopulations with distinct lineage biases.It is unclear whether a bias for the human hematopoietic lineage emerges at this early developmental stage.In this study,we integrated single-cell transcriptomic analyses of human mesoderm cells from embryonic stem cells and embryos,enabling us to identify and define the molecular features of human hematopoietic mesoderm(HM)cells biased towards hematopoietic lineages.We discovered that BMP4 plays an essential role in HM specification and can serve as a marker for HM cells.Mechanistically,BMP4 acts as a downstream target of HDAC1,which modulates the expression of BMP4 by deacetylating its enhancer.Inhibition of HDAC significantly enhances HM specification and promotes subsequent hematopoietic cell differentiation.In conclusion,our study identifies human HM cells and describes new mechanisms for human hematopoietic development.

关键词： hematopoietic mesoderm human pluripotent stem cells human embryos BMP4 HDAC1

Black holes as the source of dark energy:A stringent test with high-redshift JWST AGNs

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第2期67卷 181-188页

作者： Lei Lei Lei Zu Guan-wen Yuan Zhao-Qiang Shen Yi-Ying Wang Yuan-Zhu Wang Zhen-Bo su wen-Ke Ren Shao-Peng Tang Hao Zhou Chi Zhang Zhi-Ping Jin Lei Feng Yi-Zhong Fan Da-Ming Wei Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Department of AstronomyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Studies have proposed that there is evidence for cosmological coupling of black holes(BHs)with an index of k≈3;hence,BHs serve as the astrophysical source of dark energy.However,the data sample is limited for the redshifts of≤2.5.In recent years,the James Webb Space Telescope(JWST)has detected many high-redshift active galactic nuclei(AGNs)and quasars.Among the JWST NIRSpec-/NIRCam-resolved AGNs,three are determined to be in early-type host galaxies with a redshift of z~4.5-7.However,their M_(*)and MBH are in tension with the predicted cosmological coupling of black holes with k=3 at a confidence level of~2σ,which challenges the hypothesis that BHs serve as the origin of dark energy.Future work on high-redshift AGNs using the JWST will further assess such a hypothesis by identifying more early-type host galaxies in the higher mass range.

关键词： dark energy supermassive black hole active galactic nuclei James Webb Space Telescope

Taurine attenuates activation of hepatic stellate cells by inhibiting autophagy and inducing ferroptosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第15期30卷 2143-2154页

作者： Sen Li Qian-Jun Ren Can-Hao Xie Yang Cui Li-Tao Xu Yi-Dan Wang su Li Xing-Qiu Liang Bin wen Ming-Kun Liang Xiao-Fang Zhao Department of Basic Science Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanning 541100Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina Department of Science and Technology Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanning 541100Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina Traditional Chinese Medicine Specialty Office Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanning 541100Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina

BACKGROUND Liver fibrosis is a compensatory response during the tissue repair process in chronic liver injury,and finally leads to liver cirrhosis or even hepatocellular carcinoma.The pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis is associated with the progressive accumulation of activated hepatic stellate cells(HSCs),which can transdiffer-entiate into myofibroblasts to produce an excess of the extracellular matrix(ECM).Myofibroblasts are the main source of the excessive ECM responsible for hepatic fibrosis.Therefore,activated hepatic stellate cells(aHSCs),the principal ECM producing cells in the injured liver,are a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis.AIM To explore the effect of taurine on aHSC proliferation and the mechanisms involved.METHODS Human HSCs(LX-2)were randomly divided into five groups:Normal control group,platelet-derived growth factor-BB(PDGF-BB)(20 ng/mL)treated group,mmol/L,respectively)with PDGF-BB(20 ng/mL)treated group.Cell Counting Kit-8 method was performed to evaluate the effect of taurine on the viability of aHSCs.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to estimate the effect of taurine on the levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS),malondialdehyde,glutathione,and iron concen-tration.Transmission electron microscopy was applied to observe the effect of taurine on the autophagosomes and ferroptosis features in aHSCs.Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis were performed to detect the effect of taurine on the expression ofα-SMA,Collagen I,Fibronectin 1,LC3B,ATG5,Beclin 1,PTGS2,SLC7A11,and p62.REsuLTS Taurine promoted the death of aHSCs and reduced the deposition of the ECM.Treatment with taurine could alleviate autophagy in HSCs to inhibit their activation,by decreasing autophagosome formation,downregulating LC3B and Beclin 1 protein expression,and upregulating p62 protein expression.Meanwhile,treatment with taurine triggered ferroptosis and ferritinophagy to eliminate aHSCs characterized by iron overload,lipid ROS accumu-lation,glutathi

关键词： Hepatic stellate cells Autophagy Ferroptosis Molecular docking Taurine

First total synthesis,antitumor evaluation and target identification of mornaphthoate E:A new tubulin inhibitor template acting on PI3K/Akt signaling pathway

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第5期14卷 2177-2193页

作者： Peipei Shan Tao Ye Ying-De Tang Hui Song Chao Wang Kongkai Zhu Feifei Yang Shi-Lei Zhang Pei-wen su Shuanhu Gao Hua Zhang Institute of Translational Medicine the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityCollege of MedicineQingdao UniversityQingdao 266021China School of Biological Science and Technology University of JinanJinan 250022China Advanced Medical Research Institute Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250012China College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215127China School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China

Mornaphthoate E(MPE)is a prenylated naphthoic acid methyl ester isolated from the roots of a famous Chinese medicinal plant Morinda officinalis and shows remarkable cytotoxicity against several human tumor cell lines.In the current project,the first total synthesis of(±)-MPE was achieved in seven steps and 5.6%overall yield.Then the in vitro anti-tumor activity of MPE was first assessed for both enantiomers in two breast cancer cells,with the levoisomer exerting slightly better potency.The in vivo anti-tumor effect was further verified by applying the racemate in an orthotopic autograft mouse model.Notably,MPE exerted promising anti-metastasis activity both in vitro and in vivo and showed no obvious toxicity on mice at the therapeutic dosage.Mechanistic investigations demonstrated that MPE acted as a tubulin polymerization stabilizer and disturbed the dynamic equilibrium of microtubules via regulating PI3K/Akt signaling.In conclusion,our work has provided a new chemical template for the future design and development of next-generation tubulin-targeting chemotherapies.

关键词： Mornaphthoate E Tubulin inhibitor Antitumor Anti-metastasis Breast cancer PI3K/Akt

Cyclic Dinucleotide Self-Assembled Nanoparticles as a Carrier-Free Delivery Platform for STING-Mediated Cancer Immunotherapy

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第1期6卷 177-195页

作者： Lang Zhao Shao-Hua Zhuo Tian-Yang Wang Jun-Jun Wu Jing-Yun su wen-Hao Li Bo-Dou Zhang Yan-Mei Li Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry&Chemical Biology Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Beijing 100069 Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084

Cyclic dinucleotides(CDNs)are natural agonists of the stimulator of interferon genes(STING),which is an attractive immunotherapy target.Currently,CDNs and their derivatives are being investigated clinically.However,the poor bioavailability of exogenous CDNs has limited their application in immunotherapy.Although nanocarriers are widely used for cytosolic delivery of CDNs,their loading capacity is insufficient,and their complicated composition and purification process raises bio-compatibility concerns.Herein,we report a super-simplified CDN self-assembly strategy for carrier-free delivery of CDNs.In the presence of excess K^(+),CDNs form oligomers which further self-assemble with divalent metal ions(such as Mn^(2+))to form nanoparticles(NPs)in aqueous solution.We demonstrate that the self-assembled CDN NPs promote cellular uptake of CDNs and enhance tumor immunogenicity by remodeling the tumor microenvironment,inducing immunogenic tumor cell death and increasing tumorinfiltrating lymphocytes,which is conducive to the generation of tumor neoantigen-specific T-cell responses.We also demonstrate that the use of CDN NPs alone or in combination with immune checkpoint blockades inhibits tumor growth,highlighting the fact that CDN NPs are a potent platform for cancer immunotherapy.

关键词： cyclic dinucleotide STING carrierfree delivery tumor immunogenicity cancer immunotherapy

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中国供给端与消费端重点碳减排省级部门研究

环境科学与技术 2024年第3期47卷 48-66页

作者：苏阳文雯北京信息科技大学信息管理学院北京100096 北京理工大学经济学院北京100081

在“碳达峰”和“碳中和”的时代背景下,产业关联中的碳排放问题已成为当前的研究热点。通过在省级层面筛选中国的重点碳排放部门,并实施相应的产业结构调整与优化政策,可以精准高效地实现碳减排的目标。该研究基于中国多地区投入产出模... 详细信息

在“碳达峰”和“碳中和”的时代背景下,产业关联中的碳排放问题已成为当前的研究热点。通过在省级层面筛选中国的重点碳排放部门,并实施相应的产业结构调整与优化政策,可以精准高效地实现碳减排的目标。该研究基于中国多地区投入产出模型,采用投入产出法构建了省级产业间的经济与碳排放关联模型,分析了全国范围内碳排放关联较大的产业部门。通过产业关联分析法,探究了产业部门经济与碳排放的影响力系数和感应度系数的变化趋势,并从供给端和消费端分别识别中国重点碳减排省级部门。研究结果如下:(1)在全国层面,在后向关联和前向关联的不同视角下,碳排放关联较大的部门存在差异。具体而言,在供给端下,电力、热力的生产和供应业是碳排放关联最大的部门;在消费端下,建筑业则是碳排放关联最大的部门。(2)2010-2017年期间,电力、热力的生产和供应业作为供给端部门,通过后向关联推动了全国碳排放能力与规模的提升,但对全国经济规模增长的贡献相对有限。建筑业作为消费端部门通过前向关联对拉动全国碳排放的影响显著大于对经济的促进作用。(3)在省级层面,供给端的重点碳减排部门主要集中在河北、山西和内蒙古等省份的电力、热力的生产和供应业,以及新疆的交通运输及仓储业。消费端的重点碳减排部门主要集中在河北、内蒙古、浙江、江西、广西、重庆、四川、云南和陕西的非金属矿物制品业,云南的金属冶炼及压延加工业以及云南和新疆的交通运输及仓储业。最后,该研究基于产业链的供给端和消费端,对中国不同类型的重点碳减排省级部门提出相应建议。

关键词：产业关联分析多地区投入产出模型碳减排 “双碳”

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铋基环保无机颜料研究进展

中国陶瓷 2024年第4期60卷 57-64页

作者：温都苏内蒙古师范大学化学与环境科学学院呼和浩特010022 先进材料化学与器件内蒙古自治区高等学校重点实验室呼和浩特010022

氧化铋、钒酸铋等铋基材料因具有独特的能带结构,在无机颜料、光催化等领域受到广泛关注。文章主要关注此类材料呈色原理、能带结构调控方法、光学性质等,综述了国内外最新研究进展状况,展望了铋基无机颜料的未来发展方向。

关键词：铋基颜料氧化铋钒酸铋能带结构带隙

Ternary-phase layered cathodes toward ultra-stable and highrate sodium ion storage

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1589-1598页

作者： wen-Ji Yin Pei-Dan su Qi Lu Xiao-Qiong Li Ji-Ming Peng Teng-Fei Zhou Ge-Meng Liang Yu-Liang Cao Hong-Qiang Wang Qing-Yu Li Si-Jiang Hu Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesGuangxi Normal University Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui University Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Guilin Normal College College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huanggang Normal University School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials The University of Adelaide Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds and Materials of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Molecular SciencesWuhan University

With the shortage of lithium resources,sodiumion batteries（SIBs） are considered one of the most promising candidates for lithium-ion batteries.P2-type and O3-type layered oxides are one of the few cathodes that can access high energy density.However,they usually exhibit structural change,capacity decay,and slow Na ion kinetic.Herein,we present layered ternary-phase cathodes with P2,P3 and O3 phases by a lattice doping strategy,which is demonstrated by X-ray diffraction（XRD） refinement.Combining the characteristics of P2,P3 and O3 phases,the layered composites show performance improvement during long-term battery cycling.In particular,Na0.7Li0.1Co0.3-Fe0.3Mn0.3O2（NLCFM） delivers a reversible capacity of120.1 mAh·g-1at 0.1C(1.0C=175 mA·g-1) with a superior capacity retention of 72.5% after 1000 cycles at10.0C.This work offers insights into the development of advanced cathode materials for SIBs.

关键词： Sodium-ion battery Cathode material Layered oxides Lattice doping Mixed phase

Exploring the abundance and influencing factors of antimicrobial resistance genes in manure plasmidome from swine farms

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第2期124卷 462-471页

作者： Zunfang Tu Junrui Shui Jinxin Liu Hongmei Tuo Haoyu Zhang Cong Lin Jingyi Feng Yuxuan Feng wen su Anyun Zhang Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of EducationCollege of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal HealthCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Plasmids play a critical role in the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance genes(ARGs),however,a systematical understanding of ARGs originated from plasmids in swine production is currently lacking.Herein,quantitative polymerase chain reaction was applied to determine the prevalence of ten ARGs and the class1 integron gene intI1 of plasmid source in swinemanure from 44 farms in Sichuan,Hubei and Hebei provinces,China.All assayed ARGs were observed in plasmid DNA samples,and the average absolute abundance of aac(6’)-Ib-cr,blaNDM,blaCTX-M,optrA,ermB,floR,mcr-1,qnrS,tetM,sul1 and intI1 were 7.09,2.90,4.67,6.62,7.55,7.14,4.08,4.85,7.16,7.11 and 8.07 of 10 log copies/gram,respectively.IntI1 showed a high correlation(r>0.8,Psul1 in swine manure.Moreover,the farm scale(i.e.,herd population)and geographical location were not found to be critical factors influencing the absolute abundance of ARGs of plasmid DNA in swine farms.However,the concentrations of florfenicol,Cu,Zn,Fe,total phosphorus(TP)and total potassium(TK)demonstrated a significant correlation with the abundance of several ARGs.Particularly,Cu and Zn had high correlations with optrA and blaCTX-M,respectively.Our results demonstrated that antibiotics,heavy metals and environmental nutrients are likely jointly contributing to the long-term persistence of ARGs in swine production.This study provides insights into the abundance and influencing factors of ARGs from swine manure,which is of significance for assessing and reducing the public health risks in livestock production.

关键词： Antimicrobial resistance genes Plasmid Swine manure Influencing factors