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Results of Surgical Management of Malignant Obstruction of the Common Bile Duct in Yaoundé

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Surgical Science 2024年第4期15卷 265-277页

作者： Eric Patrick Savom gaël Tsanga Nomo Richard II Mbele Mahamat Yannick Ekani Boukar Cédric Paterson Atangana Fred Dikongue Dikongue Guy Aristide Bang Arthur Essomba Yaoundé General Hospital Yaound&#233 Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the Universityof Yaoundé I Yaound&#233 Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Yaoundé Teaching Hospital Yaound&#233 Cameroon

Introduction: In Cameroon, surgery remains the only approach in malignant obstructions of the common bile duct (MOCBD) even in palliative situations. The aim of this work was to describe the modalities of surgical treatment of MOCBD, evaluate the results and detect the factors associated with postoperative morbidity and mortality. Patients and Methods: We conducted an analytical observational study, with retrospective data collection from the files of patients operated upon for MOCBD. This was done in four referral hospitals in the city of Yaoundé for a 42-month period spanning from January 1, 2020 to June 30, 2023. Demographic data, clinical presentation, surgical data, and 30-day postoperative outcomes were collected. Results: We collected 71 files. The sex ratio was 1.4 and the mean age was 56 ± 11 years. Fifty-three (53) patients (74.6%) were overweight or obese and 10 patients (14.1%) were hypertensive. A clinical cholestasis syndrome was present in 69 patients (97.2%). Fifty-five (55) patients (77.5%) had a cancer of the head of the pancreas, 8 patients (11.3%) had an extra-hepatic cholangiocarcinoma and 8 patients (11.3%) had an ampullary adenocarcinoma. Eight (8) resections (11.3%) with curative intent had been carried out and in 63 cases (88.7%), surgery was palliative. Postoperative morbidity was 55.7%, influenced by advanced WHO stage (p = 0.02). Postoperative mortality was 25.7%, associated with a high ASA score (p = 0.01). Conclusion: Pancreatic head cancer is the main etiology of malignant obstructions of the common bile duct in Cameroon. Surgical treatment is most often palliative. Postoperative morbidity and mortality are high, influenced by high WHO and ASA scores.

关键词： Malignant Obstruction Common Bile Duct Palliative Treatment Morbidity Mortality

National Soil Organic Carbon Stocks Inventories under Different Mangrove Forest Types in gabon

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Open Journal of Forestry 2024年第2期14卷 127-140页

作者： Rolf gaël Mabicka Obame Neil-Yohan Musadji Jean Hervé Mve Beh Lydie-Stella Koutika Jean Aubin Ondo Farrel Nzigou Boucka Michel Mbina Mounguengui Claude Geffroy Dé partement de Phytotechnologie Institut National d&#8217Agronomie et de Biotechnologies Universit&#233 des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku Franceville Gabon Dé partement des Sciences Fondamentales de l&#8217Ing&#233nieur Institut National d&#8217Agronomie et de Biotechnologies Universit&#233 des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku Franceville Gabon Institut Agronomiques et Forestiè res Centre National des Recherches Scientifiques et Technologiques Libreville Gabon Research Centre on the Durability and the Productivity of Industrial Plantations (CRDPI) Pointe Noire Republic of Congo Laboratoire Pluridisciplinaire des Sciences &#201cole Normale Sup&#233rieure Libreville Gabon Agence gabonaise d’ &#201tude et d&#8217Observation Spatiale Immeuble les Arcades Libreville Gabon Dé partement de G&#233ologie Faculte des Sciences Universit&#233 des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku Franceville Gabon Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Maté riaux de Poitiers (IC2MP) Universit&#233 de Poitiers Poitiers France

gabonese’s estuary is an important coastal mangrove setting and soil plays a key role in mangrove carbon storage in mangrove forests. However, the spatial variation in soil organic carbon (SOC) storage remain unclear. To address this gap, determining the SOC spatial variation in gabonese’s estuarine is essential for better understanding the global carbon cycle. The present study compared soil organic carbon between northern and southern sites in different mangrove forest, Rhizophora racemosa and Avicennia germinans. The results showed that the mean SOC stocks at 1 m depth were 256.28 ± 127.29 MgC ha−1. Among the different regions, SOC in northern zone was significantly (p p −1) than upper layers (55.42 ± 25.37 MgC ha−1). The study highlights that low deforestation rate have led to less CO2 (705.3 Mg CO2e ha−1 - 922.62 Mg CO2e ha−1) emissions than most sediment carbon-rich mangroves in the world. These results highlight the influence of soil texture and mangrove forest types on the mangrove SOC stocks. The first national comparison of soil organic carbon stocks between mangroves and upland tropical forests indicated SOC stocks were two times more in mangroves soils (51.21 ± 45.00 MgC ha−1) than primary (20.33 ± 12.7 MgC ha−1), savanna and cropland (21.71 ± 15.10 MgC ha−1). We find that mangroves in this study emit lower dioxide-carbon equivalent emissions. This study highlights the importance of national inventories of soil organic carbon and can be used as a baseline on the role of mangroves in carbon sequestration and climate change mitigation but the variation in SOC stocks indicates the need for further national data.

关键词： Mangroves Forest Soil Organic Carbon Stocks Rizophora Racemose Avicenia germinans gabon

藏医日擦贡布乃与中医附骨疽辨证治疗对比研究

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中华中医药杂志 2024年第3期39卷 1558-1562页

作者：尕藏措刚焕晨雷降拥四郎成都中医药大学成都611137

中医附骨疽是由慢性骨髓炎细菌感染引起的骨组织感染;根据藏医理论,该疾病属“日擦乃”范畴,称为“日擦贡布乃”。中医和藏医在医疗实践中对该病积累了丰富而宝贵的诊疗经验,本研究将藏医日擦贡布乃与中医附骨疽的病因病机、证型分类、... 详细信息

中医附骨疽是由慢性骨髓炎细菌感染引起的骨组织感染;根据藏医理论,该疾病属“日擦乃”范畴,称为“日擦贡布乃”。中医和藏医在医疗实践中对该病积累了丰富而宝贵的诊疗经验,本研究将藏医日擦贡布乃与中医附骨疽的病因病机、证型分类、治法治则等进行系统对比。结果表明两种医学对附骨疽的诊治既有相同点,也有不同点,各医学体系应经过系统临床研究后,各自发挥特色,在联合治疗附骨疽方面优势互补。

关键词：藏医日擦贡布乃中医附骨疽

纳米凹凸棒石对酚醛复合材料摩擦学性能的影响

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工程塑料应用 2024年第6期52卷 95-102,109页

作者：王晓东李欢张嘎王小新青岛科技大学高分子科学与工程学院山东青岛266042 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所固体润滑国家重点实验室兰州730000

源自优质黏土矿物资源的一维凹凸棒石(AT)纳米纤维,可用于增强复合材料并改善其摩擦磨损特性。采用酚醛树脂(PF)模塑料塑炼工艺及热压成型工艺制备了AT纳米纤维混杂传统微米纤维如碳纤维(CF)、玻璃纤维(GF)及芳纶纤维(AF)增强PF复合材料... 详细信息

源自优质黏土矿物资源的一维凹凸棒石(AT)纳米纤维,可用于增强复合材料并改善其摩擦磨损特性。采用酚醛树脂(PF)模塑料塑炼工艺及热压成型工艺制备了AT纳米纤维混杂传统微米纤维如碳纤维(CF)、玻璃纤维(GF)及芳纶纤维(AF)增强PF复合材料,系统考察了AT纳米纤维的含量对微米尺度短切纤维增强PF复合材料压缩性能及多种工况下摩擦学性能的影响规律,利用扫描电子显微镜及能谱仪表征了摩擦界面原位生长转移膜的微观结构,探索了AT纳米纤维与微米纤维在干摩擦、油润滑和水润滑条件下可能的协同减摩抗磨作用机理。结果表明,AT与高模量纤维(CF,GF)表现出显著的协同增强作用,显著提高了PF复合材料的压缩强度。当AT纳米纤维质量分数为20%时,CF/AT/PF与GF/AT/PF的压缩强度分别可达407 MPa及400 MPa。干摩擦条件下,AT分别与CF和AF的复配使用促进了固体润滑特性转移膜的生长,提高了材料的自润滑性能;油润滑条件下,GF/AT/PF表现出最高的耐磨性能,GF减薄可能是主要的磨损机理;水润滑条件下,AF/AT/PF表现出最低的摩擦系数,而CF/AT/PF表现出最高的耐磨性能。

关键词：凹凸棒石摩擦磨损纤维增强多重工况转移膜

L型抗滑桩加固土坡特性的离心模型试验与有限元模拟研究

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工程地质学报 2024年第1期32卷 315-324页

作者：彭秀华刘素嘉张涵轲张嘎国能大渡河流域水电开发有限公司成都610041 清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室北京100084

L型抗滑桩在传统等截面抗滑桩的基础上加入横段,有效提高桩的稳定性和加固边坡效果。本文采用离心模型试验与数值模拟相结合的方法研究了L型抗滑桩加固土坡的变形特征与桩土相互作用。基于离心模型试验得到了L型抗滑桩加固土坡的位移场... 详细信息

L型抗滑桩在传统等截面抗滑桩的基础上加入横段,有效提高桩的稳定性和加固边坡效果。本文采用离心模型试验与数值模拟相结合的方法研究了L型抗滑桩加固土坡的变形特征与桩土相互作用。基于离心模型试验得到了L型抗滑桩加固土坡的位移场,并采用有限元软件对离心模型试验过程进行了数值模拟,数值与试验结果得出的土坡荷载位移曲线吻合程度较高,水平位移分布趋势基本一致。模拟结果表明,L型抗滑桩的加固效果明显优于传统等截面抗滑桩,土坡位移减小约25%,桩转角减小约70%。通过对比、融合离心模型试验观测与数值模拟结果,分析了L型抗滑桩对土坡的加固效果及桩-土相互作用。横段上下侧的土压力分布相差很大,差距最大时上侧土压力仅为下侧土压力的20%左右。L型抗滑桩横段与土的摩擦力分布存在极小值,竖直段抗滑桩可以改变土坡位移场,使得内侧位移分布存在极大值。坡体受力变形分析结果表明,抗滑桩导致土坡出现土拱效应,L型抗滑桩的横段会进一步增强土拱效应,形成应力重分布,使横段所受土压力增大,提高抗滑桩的稳定性。

关键词： L型抗滑桩边坡桩土相互作用土拱效应离心模型试验数值模拟

Evolution of Mother-to-Child HIV-1 Transmission Rate in Mali from 2009 to 2018

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Advances in Microbiology 2024年第5期14卷 256-267页

作者： Alou Sanogo Mohamed Ag Baraïka Maïga Aminata Demba Koita Mahamadou Abdou Mamadou Guindo Clémentine N’Diaye Fatoumata Namoudou Traoré Abdoulaye Bagayoko Youssouf Diallo Flabou Bougoudogo Ibrehima Guindo National Institute for Public Health Bamako Mali Faculty of Pharmacy (FAPH) University of Science of Technical and Technology de Bamako Bamako Mali University Hospital Center (CHU)-Point G Bamako Mali Faculty of Medecine and Odonto-Stomatology University of Science of Technical and Technology de Bamako Bamako Mali Sector Unit for the Fight against AIDS Tuberculosis and Hepatitis Bamako Mali UNICEF (United Nations Children’ s Fund) Bamako Mali

Despite enormous efforts to achieve the goal of eliminating mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1, it remains a major challenge for many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly Mali. Our objective is to assess changes in the rate of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1. We conducted a cross-sectional study between January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2018 (10 years) of early diagnosis activity in newborns and children born to HIV-1-positive mothers at the National Institute for Public Health (INSP). The samples came from health and referral centers in mali. All samples were received at the Laboratory of Molecular Biology at the INSP. Proviral DNA extraction was performed from a blood spot sample with a Roche DNA kit, Cobas AmpliPrep/Cobas TaqMan HIV-1 qualitative Test, V2.0 (Roche Molecular System, Inc, USA) following the company procedures. Molecular diagnosis was performed using the same kits using an algorithm of three identical PCRs. The Epi Info version 7 software was used for data analysis with a significance threshold of 5%. A total of 10,714 samples of infants and children born to HIV-positive mothers were analyzed by PCR. Ninety-six percent of mothers were on ARV prophylaxis (AZT 3TC NVP and AZT NVP) and 60% of newborns received the same ARV prophylaxis. Of these children, 956 tested positive with an overall transmission rate of 8.92%, varying between 7.27% in 2009 and 08.01% in 2018. This rate was relatively low among children receiving prophylaxis at 2.04% and remained high for children who received breastfeeding at 5.62%. However, the transmission rate remains low for those who have benefited from mixed and artificial breastfeeding at 1.58% and 1.27% respectively. A significant proportion of children remained infected by their mothers during pregnancy, childbirth or breastfeeding. This study shows the importance of early diagnosis of HIV in children using molecular technology.

关键词： Early Diagnosis Mothers-to-Child Newborns PCR DNA HIV-1

Epidemiological, Clinical, Therapeutic, and Evolutionary Aspects of Chronic End-Stage Renal Failure in the Nephrology Department of the University Hospital of Brazzaville in 2023

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2024年第1期14卷 62-69页

作者： gaël Honal Mahoungou Daniel Tony Eyeni Sinomono Éric Ngandzali-Ngabé Soraya Ntandou Francky Ambounou Précieux Ngoma Berline Ndinga Dalhia Mboungou Héléna Botokoto Bothard Hardy Ibovi Richard Loumingou Faculty of Health Sciences Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo Department of Nephrology University Hospital of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo

Objective: Chronic end-stage renal failure is a major public health problem in developing countries and is poorly documented. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic, and evolutionary aspects of patients admitted for end-stage renal failure to the Department of Nephrology at the University Hospital of Brazzaville. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study collecting prospective data that took place over 10 months. We included 128 patients who were exhaustively identified. Sociodemographic, clinical, therapeutic and developmental data were collected using a standardized and pretested pre-established survey form. The EPI info software enabled the analysis and processing of the data. Results: We reported a male predominance with a sex ratio of 2.5. The median age was 50 years. The first cause found was diabetes (55%) followed by hypertension (46%). The majority of patients had a dialysis emergency and half could not be dialyzed for financial reasons. Conclusion: Our results highlighted that certain epidemiological parameters of end-stage renal failure are constantly changing, such as frequency, while others remain static, including the main etiologies, gender, and age. However, mortality continues to increase and deserves more attention.

关键词： ESRD Epidemiology Nephrology University Hospital of Brazzaville

牙龈卟啉单胞菌促进阿尔茨海默病的机制研究进展

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口腔疾病防治 2024年第10期32卷 797-804页

作者：王玉洁彭显廖玍周学东口腔疾病防治全国重点实验室、国家口腔医学中心、国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心、四川大学华西口腔医院牙体牙髓病科四川成都610041 口腔疾病防治全国重点实验室国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心、四川大学华西口腔医院四川成都610041

阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)是最常见的神经退行性疾病之一。牙龈卟啉单胞菌(Porphyromonas gingivalis,***)感染与AD密切相关。本文综述了***及其毒力因子在AD发生发展过程中的多重作用及其机制,旨在深入阐明两者之间的内... 详细信息

阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)是最常见的神经退行性疾病之一。牙龈卟啉单胞菌(Porphyromonas gingivalis,***)感染与AD密切相关。本文综述了***及其毒力因子在AD发生发展过程中的多重作用及其机制,旨在深入阐明两者之间的内在联系。***可通过多种途径与AD发生发展相关联。首先,***可以增加神经炎症、促进淀粉样蛋白和Tau蛋白沉积、破坏血脑屏障等途径参与AD病理进程。其次,***分泌的牙龈蛋白酶能增加血脑屏障通透性并进入脑内诱导病理损伤是其促进AD的重要机制。临床样本检测也支持***或其效应分子促进AD病理进展。因此,***可能是AD的一个环境易感因素或可调控的风险因素。目前***在AD中的确切作用机制和***与其他可能影响AD的因素之间的关联研究不明确。本文深入分析***促进AD的分子机制,为研制***相关的AD新型防治策略提供参考。

关键词：牙龈卟啉单胞菌阿尔茨海默病牙龈蛋白酶血脑屏障牙周炎神经退行性疾病淀粉样β蛋白

A Note on Solutions for Asymptotically Linear Elliptic Systems

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2008年第3期24卷 511-522页

作者： Lei-ga Zhao Department of Mathematics Beijing University of Chemical Technology 100029 Beijing China Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Department of Mathematics Yunnan Normal University Kunming 650092 China

In this paper, we are concerned with the elliptic system of{ -△u＋V（x）u=g（x,v）, x∈R^N, -△v＋V（x）v=f（x,u）, x∈R^N, where V（x） is a continuous potential well, f, g are continuous and asymptotically linear as t→∞. The existence of a positive solution and ground state solution are established via variational methods.

关键词： Elliptic system ground state solution variational methods concentration-compactness principle