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森林碳汇项目对欠发达地区农民收入的影响研究——来自四川省5225个建档立卡户的实证证据

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中国农业资源与区划 2024年第2期45卷 214-222页

作者：胡原黄婉婷曾维忠四川农业大学管理学院成都611130 四川农业大学四川省农村发展研究中心成都611130 四川农业大学西部乡村振兴研究中心成都611130

[目的]实现欠发达地区农户稳定增收是“后小康”时代巩固脱贫攻坚成果的关键。从微观农户视角评估森林碳汇扶贫项目的增收效应,对于检验项目开发减贫成效、进一步优化项目实施方案具有重要现实意义。[方法]文章利用2020年四川省4个森林... 详细信息

[目的]实现欠发达地区农户稳定增收是“后小康”时代巩固脱贫攻坚成果的关键。从微观农户视角评估森林碳汇扶贫项目的增收效应,对于检验项目开发减贫成效、进一步优化项目实施方案具有重要现实意义。[方法]文章利用2020年四川省4个森林碳汇项目试点县5225个建档立卡户的实地调查数据,基于收入结构的视角厘清森林碳汇项目影响农户收入的作用机制,并采用工具变量法进行实证检验。[结果](1)森林碳汇项目对欠发达地区农民具有明显的增收效应;(2)相比建档立卡贫困户,森林碳汇项目对建档立卡脱贫户的增收效应更大,且主要来源于森林抚育环节;(3)森林碳汇项目主要通过林地投入和劳动力投入两种作用机制直接或间接降低建档立卡户财产性收入和经营性收入、增加转移性收入和工资性收入,进而影响其家庭经济收入,但此机制在建档立卡贫困户与建档立卡脱贫户中存在差异。[结论]建档立卡脱贫户在森林碳汇项目中,除了能获取碳汇转移性收入,还可凭借劳动禀赋优势获得工资性收入以期弥补财产性和经营性收入损失,进而增加家庭收入;而建档立卡贫困户由于缺乏劳动能力和农业依赖性强,参与森林碳汇项目难以弥补收入损失,最终导致福利受损。这表明后脱贫阶段,森林碳汇项目能够有效促进欠发达地区脱贫户实现稳定增收,充当巩固脱贫攻坚成果的重要工具。

关键词：森林碳汇欠发达地区农民增收建档立卡户工具变量法

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填方场地水厂结构桩基动力响应三维数值研究

工程技术研究 2024年第5期9卷 226-228页

作者：张伟徐伟忠陈增上海城建市政工程(集团)有限公司上海200032 上海交通大学土木工程系上海200240

桩基础是填方场地广泛采用的地基基础。文章依托西南地区某水厂建设工程,采用ABAQUS建立三维计算模型,分析了桩体的加速度、弯矩及剪力响应,探讨了地震动作用下地基-桩基-结构的动力响应规律。结果表明,桩体加速度随桩高的增加整体呈增... 详细信息

桩基础是填方场地广泛采用的地基基础。文章依托西南地区某水厂建设工程,采用ABAQUS建立三维计算模型,分析了桩体的加速度、弯矩及剪力响应,探讨了地震动作用下地基-桩基-结构的动力响应规律。结果表明,桩体加速度随桩高的增加整体呈增大趋势,在桩顶处放大效应略有减小;群桩基础不同位置的动力响应有所差异,最靠近填土区域角桩的弯矩与剪力最大。

关键词：填方场地桩基振动台试验数值分析动力响应

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长沙生态动物园野生动物衣原体感染情况调查

中国兽医杂志 2024年第1期60卷 122-127页

作者：张林曾光哲王文张卫忠邱启官尹崇胡仕凤湖南农业大学动物医学院湖南长沙410128 株洲市动物疫病预防控制中心湖南株洲412007 长沙生态动物园湖南长沙410004

为了解长沙生态动物园野生动物衣原体的感染情况,本试验根据中华人民共和国农业行业标准(NY/T 562—2015),采用巢式PCR方法对采集到的园区内63种动物的231份粪便样品进行衣原体检测,并对阳性样品进行测序分析。结果显示,所有检测样品中... 详细信息

为了解长沙生态动物园野生动物衣原体的感染情况,本试验根据中华人民共和国农业行业标准(NY/T 562—2015),采用巢式PCR方法对采集到的园区内63种动物的231份粪便样品进行衣原体检测,并对阳性样品进行测序分析。结果显示,所有检测样品中有13份样品呈衣原体阳性,总阳性率为5.63%(13/231),其中植食类动物阳性率为11.43%(4/35)、灵长类动物阳性率为13.95%(6/43)、禽鸟类动物阳性率为3.13%(2/64)、肉食类动物阳性率为1.12%(1/89)。所有动物中感染风险最大的是灵长类动物,11种灵长类动物中有5种检出阳性,占比45.45%,且优势比(OR)=4.19(P<0.01)。基因测序和比对结果显示,仅从1份绿孔雀阳性粪便样品中获得有效的衣原体序列(序列号:OK033359.1),其与美国分离株c149(序列号:KY206900.1)相似度达99.72%,可鉴定为Chlamydia gallinacea,且处于较早进化阶段。结果表明,该动物园存在衣原体感染,但感染率不高,感染风险最大的是灵长类动物,禽鸟类存在Chlamydia gallinacea感染。衣原体在生态动物园野生动物中的存在对人类健康存在潜在威胁,应引起重视。

关键词：生态动物园野生动物衣原体巢式PCR 基因测序

Effects of NS1 variants of H5N1 influenza virus on interferon induction, TNFa response and p53 activity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2010年第3期7卷 235-242页

作者： weizhong Li Gefei Wang Heng Zhang Gang Xin Dangui Zhang Jun zeng Xiaoxuan Chen Yanxuan Xu Youhong Cui Kangsheng Li Department of Microbiology and Immunology Key Immunopathology Laboratory of Guangdong ProvinceShantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina

Non-structural protein 1(NS1)is an important virulence factor of the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus.A five-amino-acid(5 aa)deletion at position 80–84 and an aspartic acid to glutamic acid substitution at position 92(D92E)are two major NS1 mutations that are highly correlated with enhanced virulence.To investigate the effect of these mutations in H5N1 virulence,three H5N1-NS1 variants were constructed:NS51(lacking 5 aa at position 80–84),NS51(I)(carrying a 5-aa insertion at position 80–84)and NS51(IM)(carrying both the 5-aa insertion and the D92E mutation).We examined the effects of these mutations on interferon(IFN)induction,tumor-necrosis factor(TNF)a response,p53 activity and apoptosis.We found that the D92E mutation eliminated NS1’s repressive effect on IFN induction,while the 5-aa deletion resulted in enhanced resistance to TNFa responses.We also observed that all three variants exhibited a similar suppressive effect on p53 transcriptional activity,although none of them significantly influenced apoptosis of host cells.Our findings shed new light on the role of NS1 in the pathogenicity of H5N1 virus.

关键词： H5N1 influenza virus interferon NS1 variants p53 TNFa

Heterologous interactions between NS1 proteins from different influenza A virus subtypes/strains

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2012年第6期55卷 507-515页

作者： LI weizhong ZHANG Heng WANG GeFei ZHANG Chi zeng XiangXing LIU Hui CHEN XiaoXuan XU YanXuan LI KangSheng Department of Microbiology and Immunology Key Immunopathology Laboratory of Guangdong ProvinceShantou University Medical CollegeShantou 515041China Department of Veterinary Medicine University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Department of Ultrasonic Central Hospital of Luoyang CityLuoyang 471009China

Non-structural protein 1(NS1) of the influenza virus plays a crucial role in modulating the host immune response and facilitating virus replication.The formation of a homodimer or an oligomer is necessary for NS1 to exert its function efficiently.In the present study,the NS1 protein from the A/Shantou/602/06(H3N2) virus(herein abbreviated as NS32) was found to interact with NS1 from A/Shantou/169/06(H1N1),A/Chicken/Guangdong/1/05(H5N1) and A/Quail/Hong Kong/G1/97(H9N2)(abbreviated as NS11,NS51 and NS92,respectively) viruses,although NS32 shares 17.4% 20.9% sequence diversity with NS11,NS51 and NS92.This indicates that the heterologous interactions between NS1 proteins from different influenza A virus subtypes/strains may be a common event during co-infection.

关键词： A型流感病毒 NS1蛋白病毒亚型相互作用异源非结构蛋白病毒复制免疫反应

FABP4 secreted by M1-polarized macrophages promotes synovitis and angiogenesis to exacerbate rheumatoid arthritis

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Bone Research 2022年第4期10卷 726-740页

作者： Dong Guo Chuangxin Lin Yuheng Lu Hong Guan weizhong Qi Hongbo Zhang Yan Shao Chun zeng Rongkai Zhang Haiyan Zhang Xiaochun Bai Daozhang Cai Department of Joint Surgery Center for Orthopedic SurgeryThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina Department of Orthopedics Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong ProvinceAcademy of OrthopedicsGuangdong ProvinceThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina The Third School of Clinical Medicine Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases GuangzhouChina Department of Orthopedic Surgery Shantou Central HospitalAffiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShantouChina State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research Department of Cell BiologySouthern Medical University School of Basic Medical SciencesGuangzhouChina

Increasing evidence shows that adipokines play a vital role in the development of rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Fatty acid-binding protein 4(FABP4),a novel adipokine that regulates inflammation and angiogenesis,has been extensively studied in a variety of organs and diseases.However,the effect of FABP4 on RA remains unclear.Here,we found that FABP4 expression was upregulated in synovial M1-polarized macrophages in RA.The increase in FABP4 promoted synovitis,angiogenesis,and cartilage degradation to exacerbate RA progression in vivo and in vitro,whereas BMS309403(a FABP4 inhibitor)and anagliptin(dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor)inhibited FABP4 expression in serum and synovial M1-polarized macrophages in mice to alleviate RA progression.Further studies showed that constitutive activation of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1(mTORC1)by TSC1 deletion specifically in the myeloid lineage regulated FABP4 expression in macrophages to exacerbate RA progression in mice.In contrast,inhibition of mTORC1 by ras homolog enriched in brain(Rheb1)disruption specifically in the myeloid lineage reduced FABP4 expression in macrophages to attenuate RA development in mice.Our findings established an essential role of FABP4 that is secreted by M1-polarized macrophages in synovitis,angiogenesis,and cartilage degradation in RA.BMS309403 and anagliptin inhibited FABP4 expression in synovial M1-polarized macrophages to alleviate RA development.Hence,FABP4 may represent a potential target for RA therapy.

关键词： angiogenesis inhibited synovitis

生命周期视角下土地流转对农户家庭消费的影响

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四川农业大学学报 2022年第2期40卷 292-300页

作者：曾雨柔胡原曾维忠四川农业大学经济学院成都611130 四川农业大学西部乡村振兴研究中心成都611130 四川农业大学管理学院成都611130

【目的】研究土地流转对农户家庭消费的影响。【方法】基于CHFS 2013年和2015年两期面板数据,采用双重差分方法实证分析土地转入与转出对不同家庭生命周期农户家庭消费的差异化影响。【结果】①土地转入或转出均会对农户家庭消费产生正... 详细信息

【目的】研究土地流转对农户家庭消费的影响。【方法】基于CHFS 2013年和2015年两期面板数据,采用双重差分方法实证分析土地转入与转出对不同家庭生命周期农户家庭消费的差异化影响。【结果】①土地转入或转出均会对农户家庭消费产生正向影响,且对生活支出、闲暇支出与转移性支出3个方面的影响更加显著;②土地流转对家庭生命周期处于发展期和负担期的农户家庭消费水平影响更大;③土地转入主要通过增加家庭收入、提高家庭风险偏好两条路径影响消费,土地转出则是通过增加家庭收入与储蓄两条路径影响消费。【结论】在关注农村居民消费水平提高的同时,应更加关注农村居民消费结构的改善。

关键词：土地流转土地转入土地转出农户家庭消费家庭生命周期

Carrageenan oligosaccharides and associated carrageenan-degrading bacteria induce intestinal inflammation in germ-free mice

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2021年第9期48卷 815-824页

作者： Yeshi Yin Miaomiao Li weizhong Gu Benhua zeng Wei Liu Liying Zhu Xionge Pi Donald A.Primerano Hongwei D.Yu Hong Wei Guangli Yu Xin Wang State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products Institute of Food ResearchZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou 310021China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Department of Gastroenterology Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310057China Department of Laboratory Animal Science College of Basic Medical SciencesThird Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400038China Department of Biomedical Sciences Joan C.Edwards School of MedicineMarshall UniversityHuntingtonWV 25701United States

Carrageenans(CGNs)are widely used in foods and pharmaceuticals although their safety remains controversial.To investigate the effects of CGNs and CGN-degrading bacteria in the human colon,we screened for CGN degradation by human fecal microbiota,and for inflammatory response to CGNs and/or CGN-degrading bacteria in germ free mice.Thin-layer chromatography indicated that high molecular weight(MW)CGNs(!100 kDa)remained undegraded in the presence of human fecal microbiota,whereas low MW CGNs,i.e.,k-carrageenan oligosaccharides(KCO,~4.5 kDa)were degraded when exposed to seven of eight human fecal samples,although sulfate groups were not removed during degradation.Bacteroides xylanisolvens and Escherichia coli isolates from fecal samples apparently degraded KCO synergistically,with B.xylanisolvens serving as the primary degrader.Combined treatment of KCO with KCO-degrading bacteria led to greater pro-inflammatory effects in the colon and rectum of germ-free mice than either KCO or bacteria alone.Similarly,p-p38-,CD3-,and CD79a-positive immune cells were more abundant in combined treatment group mice than in either single treatment group.Our study shows that KCO-degrading bacteria and the low MW products of KCO can promote proinflammatory effects in mice,and represent two key markers for evaluating CGN safety in foods or medicines.

关键词： Carrageenans Carrageenan oligosaccharides Oligosaccharide degrading bacteria Intestinal inflammatory Germ-free mouse

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耕地质量、服务供需失衡与农户土地流转

统计与决策 2022年第8期38卷 11-16页

作者：胡原郑雯雪曾维忠四川农业大学管理学院成都市农林科学院成都611130 四川农业大学经济学院

文章基于CHFS2015年的调查数据,采用OLS和Logit模型,实证检验耕地质量对异质性农户耕地转出决策、转出对象及转出收益的影响,并在此基础上进一步考察土地流转服务供需失衡在这一影响中的作用。结果表明:(1)平均而言,耕地质量越高,农户... 详细信息

文章基于CHFS2015年的调查数据,采用OLS和Logit模型,实证检验耕地质量对异质性农户耕地转出决策、转出对象及转出收益的影响,并在此基础上进一步考察土地流转服务供需失衡在这一影响中的作用。结果表明:(1)平均而言,耕地质量越高,农户家庭将耕地转出的概率越大,更倾向于通过正式渠道将耕地转出给合作社、村集体等机构组织,获取更高的租金收益。(2)在低耕地质量和高生计依赖的双重制约下,贫困户耕地转出的租金收益显著低于非贫困户。(3)土地流转相关服务的供需失衡会抑制耕地质量对耕地转出收益的提升作用。因此,对于质量较高的土地,应充分发挥土地流转市场的主导作用,促进土地的规模化经营,避免土地闲置或抛荒;进一步强化土地流转中组织机构对交易主体的引导作用,土地补贴等政策设计上应给予贫困户更多的倾斜;深入挖掘并广泛宣传土地流转相关服务在土地流转市场交易中的积极作用,激发农户对土地流转服务的潜在需求以及组织机构对相关服务的供给。

关键词：耕地质量耕地转出土地流转服务服务供需