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Impacts of major volcanic eruptions over the past two millennia on both global and Chinese climates:A review

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 61-78页

作者： weiyi sun Deliang CHEN Guonian LÜ Liang NING Chaochao GAO Renhe ZHANG Bin WANG Jian LIU Key Laboratory for Virtual Geographic Environment Ministry of EducationState Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution of Jiangsu ProvinceJiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and ApplicationSchool of Geography ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Regional Climate Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburg 40530Sweden College of Environmental and Resource Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences&Institute of Atmospheric Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200437China Department of Atmospheric Sciences and Atmosphere-Ocean Research Center University of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96825USA Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Numerical Simulation of Large Scale Complex Systems School of Mathematical ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Open Studio for the Simulation of Ocean-Climate-Isotope Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237China

Major volcanic eruptions(MVEs)have attracted increasing attention from the scientific *** studies have explored the climatic impact of MVEs over the past two ***,proxy-based reconstructions and climate model simulations indicate divergent responses of global and China’s regional climates to ***,we used multiple data from observations,reconstructions,simulations,and assimilations to summarize the historical facts of MVEs,the characteristics and mechanisms of their climatic impact,and directions for future *** reviewed volcanic datasets and determined intensive MVE periods;these periods corresponded to the years 530–700,1200‒1460,and 1600‒1840 *** tropical MVEs,a substantial cooling effect is observed throughout the globe and China on the interannual-interdecadal time scales but an inconsistent cooling magnitude is detected between reconstructions and *** the first summer after tropical MVEs,a decrease in global and monsoonal precipitation is *** reconstructions and simulations,an increased precipitation is seen for the Yangtze River Basin,while large uncertainties in precipitation changes are present for other regions of *** drought can be induced by frequent eruptions and volcanism superimposed on low solar irradiation and internal *** affect climate directly through the radiative effect and indirectly by modulating internal variability,such as the El Niño‒Southern Oscillation(ENSO)and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation(AMO).However,changes in the phase,amplitude,and periodicity of ENSO and AMO after MVEs and the associated mechanisms remain controversial,which could account for model-reconstruction ***,other internal variability,uncertainties in reconstruction methods and aerosol‒climate models,and climate background may also induce model-reconstruction *** gaps and directions for future research are also discussed.

关键词： Major volcanic eruption Climate variability Mechanism Past two millennia Internal variability

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Sahara’s surface transformation forced an abrupt hydroclimate decline and Neolithic culture transition in northern China

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The Innovation 2024年第1期5卷 70-79页

作者： Yandong Hou Hao Long Sumiko Tsukamoto Zhengyao Lu Jie Chen Daniel EIbarra Toru Tamura Qiong Zhang weiyi sun Jingran Zhang Lei Gao Manfred Frechen Ji Shen State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of Sciences(NIGLAS)Nanjing 210008China Leibniz Institute for Applied Geophysics(LIAG) Department of Geochronology30655 HannoverGermany Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science Lund University22100 LundSweden Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China College of Atmospheric Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Institute at Brown for Environment and Society and Department of Earth Environmentaland Planetary SciencesBrown UniversityProvidenceRI 02912USA Geological Survey of Japan National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and TechnologyTsukubaIbaraki 305-8567Japan Graduate School of Frontier Sciences University of TokyoKashiwaChiba 277-8561Japan Department of Physical Geography and Bolin Centre for Climate Research Stockholm University10691 StockholmSweden School of Geography Nanjing Normal UniversityJiangsu Centre for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and ApplicationKey Laboratory of Virtual Geographic EnvironmentMinistry of Education of ChinaNanjing 210023China School of Geography and Ocean Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

The remote forcing from land surface changes in the Sahara is hypothesized to play a pivotal role in modulating the intensity of the East Asian summer monsoon(EASM)through ocean-atmospheric *** modulation has far-reaching consequences,particularly in facilitating societal shifts documented in northern ***,we present a well-dated lake-level record from the Daihai Lake Basin in northern China,providing quantitative assessments of Holocene monsoonal precipitation and the consequent migrations of the northern boundary of the *** reconstruction,informed by a water-and-energy balance model,indicates that annual precipitation reached700 mm during 8–5 ka,followed by a rapid decline to tween 5 and 4 *** shift coherently aligns with a signi550 mm be-ficant300 km northwestward movement of the EASM northern boundary during the Middle Holocene(MH),in contrast to its current *** findings underscore that these changes cannot be entirely attributed to orbital forcing,as corroborated by simulation *** model simulations deployed in our study suggest that the presence of the Green Sahara during the MH significantly strengthened the EASM and led to a northward shift of the monsoon rainfall ***,the Sahara’s reversion to a desert landscape in the late Holocene was accompanied by a corresponding southward retraction of monsoon *** dramatic hydroclimate changes during5–4 ka likely triggered or at least contributed to a shift in Neolithic cultures and societal transformation in northern *** decreasing agricultural productivity,communities transitioned from millet farming to a mixed rainfed agriculture and animal husbandry ***,our findings elucidate not only the variability of the EASM but also the profound implications of a remote forcing,such as surface transformations of the Sahara,on climatic changes and cultural evolution in northern China.

关键词： Holocene monsoon abrupt

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9.2ka BP亚洲弱季风事件的模拟研究

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大气科学 2024年第3期48卷 1189-1200页

作者：王晶孙炜毅何家智刘健宁亮严蜜南京师范大学地理科学学院虚拟地理环境教育部重点实验室/江苏省地理环境演化国家重点实验室培育建设点/江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心南京210023 南京师范大学数学科学学院江苏省大规模复杂系统数值模拟重点实验室南京210023 青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋一气候一同位素模拟开放工作室青岛266237

全新世发生了一系列的亚洲季风突变事件,其中距今9.2ka的弱季风事件较少受到关注,其存在与否以及成因机制仍然存在争议。本文利用通用地球系统模式(Community Earth SystemModel,CESM)进行全新世以来瞬变积分气候模拟试验得到的结果(Nan... 详细信息

全新世发生了一系列的亚洲季风突变事件,其中距今9.2ka的弱季风事件较少受到关注,其存在与否以及成因机制仍然存在争议。本文利用通用地球系统模式(Community Earth SystemModel,CESM)进行全新世以来瞬变积分气候模拟试验得到的结果(NanjingNormalUniversity-12ka,NNU-12ka)对比重建资料和国际上已完成的过去21ka以来的瞬变积分模拟试验(Transient Climate Evolution over the last 21000 years,TraCE-21ka),探究了9.2ka亚洲弱季风事件的时空特征及其成因。结果表明:NNU-12ka太阳活动敏感性试验模拟出了9.6~9.4ka前后的亚洲弱季风事件,此时总太阳辐射减少了0.38Wm^(2),亚洲季风区夏季平均降水减少了0.17mmd^(-1)。而基于TraCE-21ka的全强迫试验结果表明,冰川融水和冰盖变化对该时期亚洲季风变化没有显著影响。NNU-12ka太阳活动试验中亚洲热带季风区夏季降水减少尤为明显,在我国东北地区降水略有增加。热带季风减弱的原因是由于太阳辐射的骤降导致亚洲海陆热力梯度减弱,加强亚洲陆地的海平面气压,引起热带季风区的异常下沉运动,抑制水汽向亚洲季风区输送,进而通过动力作用减弱季风。

关键词：亚洲季风突变事件地球系统模式太阳活动全新世

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What Drives the Decadal Variability of Global Tropical Storm Days from 1965 to 2019?

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第2期39卷 344-353页

作者： Yifei DAI Bin WANG weiyi sun Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education and Earth System Modeling CenterNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China International Pacific Research Center University of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822USA Department of Atmospheric Sciences School of Ocean and Earth Science and TechnologyUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822USA Key Laboratory for Virtual Geographic Environment.Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution of Jiangsu ProvinceJiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and ApplicationSchool of Geography ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China

The tropical storm day(TSD)is a combined measure of genesis and *** reflects tropical cyclone(TC)overall activity,yet its variability has rarely been studied,especially *** we show that the global total TSDs exhibit pronounced interannual(3-6 years)and decadal(10 years)variations over the past five-to-six decades without a significant *** leading modes of the interannual and decadal variability of global TSD feature similar patterns in the western Pacific and Atlantic,but different patterns in the Eastern Pacific and the Southern Indian *** interannual and decadal leading modes are primarily linked to El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)and Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO),*** TSDs-ENSO relationship has been steady during the entire 55-year period,but the TSDs-PDO relationship has experienced a breakdown in the 1980 *** find that the decadal variation of TSD in the Pacific is associated with the PDO sea surface temperature(SST)anomalies in the tropical eastern Pacific(PDO-E),while that in the Atlantic and the Indian Ocean is associated with the PDO SST anomalies in the western Pacific(PDO-W).However,the PDO-E and PDO-W SST anomalies are poorly coupled in the 1980 s,and this"destructive PDO"pattern results in a breakdown of the TSDs-PDO *** results here have an important implication for seasonal to decadal predictions of global TSD.

关键词： tropical storm days(TSDs) interannual and decadal variations El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO)

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外泌体在胃癌远处转移和耐药性中的研究进展

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实用医学杂志 2024年第6期40卷 870-876页

作者：陈舒张静蕾荣康张楠孙维义河南中医药大学郑州450046 中山大学附属第一医院广州510080 郑州大学第五附属医院消化内科郑州450052 河南中医药大学第一附属医院普外科郑州450003

胃癌(Gastric cancer)是最常见的肿瘤之一,是全球癌症相关死亡的第四大原因。因早期GC缺乏特异性体征,大多数病例确诊时已经是晚期,常伴有浸润和远处转移。化疗虽是胃癌最常用的疗法,但因耐药性的出现,许多患者在化疗后仍会复发,导致预... 详细信息

胃癌(Gastric cancer)是最常见的肿瘤之一,是全球癌症相关死亡的第四大原因。因早期GC缺乏特异性体征,大多数病例确诊时已经是晚期,常伴有浸润和远处转移。化疗虽是胃癌最常用的疗法,但因耐药性的出现,许多患者在化疗后仍会复发,导致预后不良。肿瘤微环境(tumor micro environment,TME)中的外泌体(exosome,EXOs)可参加细胞间通讯在GC远处转移及耐药中发挥着重要作用。目前GC远处转移及耐药性的详细机制尚不清楚,确定参与胃癌远处转移及耐药性的外泌体引发的机制可以帮助我们为胃癌转移及耐药的防治找到更可靠的治疗手段。本文就外泌体在胃癌远处转移及耐药中的作用机制作一综述,旨在为胃癌的诊治及研究提供帮助。

关键词：胃癌外泌体转移耐药化疗

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关于智能若干问题的思考

新媒体与网络

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新媒体与网络 2024年第1期1卷 45-55页

作者：刘伟邹阳洋孙惟一北京邮电大学人工智能学院北京100876

提升人工智能系统的通用性是人类追求的目标。随着科技的发展,人工智能已经从单一任务的解决者发展为能够适应复杂环境、理解人类需求并进行自主决策的系统。但不可否认的是,当前的人工智能水平仍远未实现通用人工智能,智能问题是实现... 详细信息

提升人工智能系统的通用性是人类追求的目标。随着科技的发展,人工智能已经从单一任务的解决者发展为能够适应复杂环境、理解人类需求并进行自主决策的系统。但不可否认的是,当前的人工智能水平仍远未实现通用人工智能,智能问题是实现通用人工智能的基础和关键。从智能的发展状况及与其他领域的对比方面介绍了智能的内涵,提出其未来发展趋势——人机环境系统智能。通过分析并实证验证人机环境系统智能的核心概念,揭示了人机环境智能系统中人与机各自的优势、劣势及二者的互补性,为进一步优化智能系统提供了理论支持。最后对智能的发展方向进行展望,指出人机环境系统智能的不断发展将对社会、经济、科技等多个领域产生深远影响,并提出人机环境系统智能发展会面临的终极问题——生态问题。

关键词：智能自主态势感知人机环境系统智能通用具身智能人机环境生态体系

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系统性红斑狼疮女性角色压力量表的编制及信效度检验

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护理学杂志 2024年第2期39卷 33-36页

作者：张许婷芮金兵吕妃孙炜怡罗彩凤江苏大学医学院护理系江苏镇江212000 江苏大学附属医院风湿免疫科江苏大学京江学院护理系

目的编制系统性红斑狼疮女性角色压力量表,并进行信效度检验,为此类患者角色压力测评提供测量工具。方法在角色压力理论指导下,通过文献分析、质性访谈和专家函询形成量表初稿。于2023年1-3月选取镇江市2所三级医院的210例系统性红斑狼... 详细信息

目的编制系统性红斑狼疮女性角色压力量表,并进行信效度检验,为此类患者角色压力测评提供测量工具。方法在角色压力理论指导下,通过文献分析、质性访谈和专家函询形成量表初稿。于2023年1-3月选取镇江市2所三级医院的210例系统性红斑狼疮女性患者进行问卷调查,评价量表的信度及结构效度;2023年4-6月选取苏州市2所三级医院的238例系统性红斑狼疮女性患者进行调查,用于验证性因子分析。结果系统性红斑狼疮女性角色压力量表包含角色冲突、角色愧疚、角色超载、角色模糊4个维度共16个条目,4个维度累计方差贡献率为72.901%;验证性因子分析结果显示模型拟合良好(χ^(2)/df=2.332,RMSEA=0.075,CFI=0.933,GFI=0.892,TLI=0.918);量表总的Cronbach′sα系数为0.898,分半信度为0.792,重测信度为0.886。结论系统性红斑狼疮女性角色压力量表具有良好的信效度,可以作为系统性红斑狼疮女性角色压力的测评工具。

关键词：系统性红斑狼疮角色压力角色冲突角色愧疚角色超载角色模糊信度效度

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SOLVABILITY IN HARDY SPACE FOR SECOND ORDER ELLIPTIC EQUATIONS

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Analysis in Theory and Applications 2009年第4期25卷 355-368页

作者： Yongzhong sun weiyi Su Nanjing University China

We obtain a priori estimates and solvability in Hardy type space in a bounded domain of Rn for second order elliptic equations with coefficients of limited smoothness. Such a result can be served as an endpoint case of the classical LP（1 〈 p 〈 ∞） theory for second order elliptic equations. Our approach is based on a standard technique of perturbation rather than that of integral representation formula.

关键词： Hardy space in a bounded domain second order elliptic equation a prioriestimate solvability

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Size-controlled MoS2 nanodots supported on reduced graphene oxide for hydrogen evolution reaction and sodium-ion batteries

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Nano Research 2017年第7期10卷 2210-2222页

作者： weiyi sun Pan Li Xue Liu Jiajia Shi Hongming sun Zhanliang Tao Fujun Li Jun Chen Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Scienceand Engineering College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China

Transition metal dichalcogenide nanodots （NDs） have received considerable interest. We report a facile bottom-up synthetic route for MoS2 NDs by using molybdenum pentachloride and L-cysteine as precursors in oleylamine. The synthesis of NDs with a narrow size distribution ranging from 2.2 to 5.3 nm, was tailored by controlling the reaction time. Because of its coating characteristics, oleyalmine leads to uniformity and monodispersity of the NDs. Moreover, the NDs synthesized have large specific surface areas providing active sites. Graphene possesses outstanding conductivity. Combining the advantages of the two materials, the 0D/2D material exhibits superior electrochemical performance because of the 2D permeable channels for ion adsorption, energy storage, and conversion. The as-prepared MoS2/rGO （-2.2 nm） showed a stable capacity of 220 mAh.g-1 after 10,000 cycles at the current density of 20 A.g-1. Furthermore, a reversible capacity -140 mAh·g-1 was obtained at a much higher current density of 40 A.g-L Additionally, this composite exhibited superior catalytic performance evidenced by a small overpotential （222 mV） to afford 10 ***-2, and a small Tafel slope （59.8 mV-decade-1） with good acid-stability. The facile approach may pave the way for the preparation of NDs with these nanostructures for numerous applications.

关键词： MoS2 nanodots size-controlled monodisperse electrochemical properties

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Synthesis of size-controlled CoMn2O4 quantum dots supported on carbon nanotubes for electrocatalytic oxygen reduction/evolution

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Nano Research 2017年第11期10卷 3836-3847页

作者： Jiajia Shi Kaixiang Lei weiyi sun Fujun Li Fangyi Cheng Jun Chen Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry(Ministry of Education) College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China State Key Laboratory of Element-Organic Chemistry Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China

A combined hot-injection and heat-up method was developed to synthesize monodisperse and uniform CoMn2O4 quantum dots （CMO QDs）.CMO QDs with average size of 2.0,3.9,and 5.4 nm were selectively obtained at 80,90,and 105 ℃,*** CMO QDs supported on carbon nanotubes （CNTs） were employed as catalysts for the oxygen reduction/evolution reaction （ORR/OER） in alkaline solution to investigate their size-performance *** results revealed that the amount of surface-adsorbed oxygen and the band gap energy,which affect the charge transfer in the oxygen electrocatalysis processes,strongly depend on the size of the CMO *** CMO-3.9/CNT hybrid,consisting of CNT-supported CMO QDs of 3.9 nm size,possesses a moderate amount of surfaceadsorbed oxygen,a lower band gap energy,and a larger charge carrier concentration,and exhibits the highest electrocatalytic activity among the hybrid materials ***,the CMO-3.9/CNT hybrid displays ORR and OER performances similar to those of the benchmark Pt/C and RuO2 catalysts,respectively,due to the strong carbon-oxide interactions and the high dispersion of CoMn2O4 QDs on the carbon substrate;this reveals the huge potential of the CMO-3.9/CNT hybrid as a bifunctional OER/ORR *** present results highlight the importance of controlling the size of metal oxide nanodots in the design of active oxygen electrocatalysts based on spinel-type,nonprecious metal oxides.

关键词： size effect spinel oxide quantum dots electrocatalysis

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