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Reductive dechlorination of 2,4-dichlorophenol using nanoscale Fe^0: influencing factors and possible mechanism

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Science China Chemistry 2007年第4期50卷 574-579页

作者： CHENG Rong WANG JianLong zhang weixian Laboratory of Environmental Technology INETTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Lehigh UniversityBethlehemPA 18015-3176USA

Nanoscale Fe0 was synthesized through a reductive method in this paper. The experiments were per-formed to investigate the reduction of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) by nanoscale Fe0 under different conditions. The pathways for the reduction of 2,4-DCP by nanoscale Fe0 were discussed. Batch studies demonstrated that the mechanism includes adsorption, dechlorination and cleavage of the benzene ring. Dechlorination, which occurs after 2,4-DCP molecule is adsorbed on the interface of Fe particle, is an interfacial reaction. One or two chlorine atom can be removed from 2,4-DCP to form 2-chlorophenol, 4-chlorophenol or phenol. As the concentration of 2,4-DCP increased, the relative dechlorination ratio decreased. However, the reduced quantities of 2,4-DCP increased. Temperature can influence dechlo-rination rate and pathway. Dechlorination is prior to cleavage of the benzene ring at a higher tempera-ture, but at a lower temperature, adsorption may be the main pathway, and cleavage of the benzene ring may be prior to dechlorination.

关键词： nanoscale Fe^0 2 4-DCP adsorption dechlorination cleavage of the benzene ring

新医科背景下七个结合助推卓越中医师培养实践

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中国中医药现代远程教育 2024年第17期22卷 193-195页

作者：张潍纤马珊赵怀清云南中医药大学教务处云南昆明650500

新医科背景下,卓越中医师教育培养坚持传承与创新结合,以立德树人为引领,强化中医思维能力和实践技能培养。文章从理论与实践结合、专业知识与文化教育结合、师承教育与院校教育结合、中医药教育与民族医教育结合、形成性评价与终结性... 详细信息

新医科背景下,卓越中医师教育培养坚持传承与创新结合,以立德树人为引领,强化中医思维能力和实践技能培养。文章从理论与实践结合、专业知识与文化教育结合、师承教育与院校教育结合、中医药教育与民族医教育结合、形成性评价与终结性评价结合、线上教育与线下教育结合、创新教育与素质教育结合出发,探讨实践培养适应我国医疗卫生事业发展需要的卓越中医师培养体系。

关键词：新医科卓越中医师培养实践

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燃料电池混合动力系统功率匹配设计方法

电力机车与城轨车辆 2024年第3期47卷 24-27页

作者：张伟先李晓航蒋正重载快捷大功率电力机车全国重点实验室中车株洲电力机车有限公司湖南株洲412001

针对燃料电池混合动力系统在轨道交通的发展状况,文章以机车燃料电池混合动力系统为例,阐述其典型扑拓结构和工作原理,对影响燃料电池混合动力系统功率匹配的特征参数进行分析,并结合相关应用案例介绍了燃料电池混合动力系统功率匹配参... 详细信息

针对燃料电池混合动力系统在轨道交通的发展状况,文章以机车燃料电池混合动力系统为例,阐述其典型扑拓结构和工作原理,对影响燃料电池混合动力系统功率匹配的特征参数进行分析,并结合相关应用案例介绍了燃料电池混合动力系统功率匹配参数的具体计算方法。

关键词：燃料电池机车混合动力系统功率匹配

Degradation of chlorinated phenols by nanoscale zero-valent iron

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2008年第1期2卷 103-108页

作者： Rong CHENG Jianlong WANG weixian zhang Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Lehigh UniversityBethlehemPA 18015-3176USA

Chlorophenols(CPs),as important contami-nants in groundwater,are toxic and difficult to ***-valentironreceivedagreat deal of attention because of its excellent performance in treating recalcitrant *** this study,nanoscale zero-valent iron particles were prepared using chemical reduction,and the reductive transformations of three kinds of chlorinated phenols(2-CP,3-CP,and 4-CP)by nanoscale zero-valent iron under different conditions were *** transformation process of the CPs was shown to be dechlorination first,then cleavage of the benzene *** removal efficiency of the CPs varied as follows:*** reactivity of CPs was associated with their energy of lowest unoccupied molecular orbit(E LUMO).With the increase in initial concentrations of CPs,removal efficiency decreased a *** the quantities of CPs reduced increased *** had influence on not only the removal efficiency,but also the transformation *** higher temperatures,dechlorination occurred prior to benzene ring *** lower temperatures,however,the oxidation product was formed more easily.

关键词： nanoscale zero-valent iron chlorophenol dechlorination molecular orbit theory

Microbial fuel cell with high content solid wastes as substrates： a review

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2017年第2期11卷 25-41页

作者： Qingliang Zhao Hang Yu weixian zhang Felix Tetteh Kabutey Junqiu Jiang Yunshu zhang Kun Wang Jing Ding State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environments (SKLURE) Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150090 China Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute (Group) Co. Ltd. Shanghai 200092 China

With the increasing concern about the serious global energy crisis and high energy consumption during high content solid wastes （HCSWs） treatment, microbial fuel cell （MFC） has been recognized as a promising resource utilization approach for HCSW stabilization with simultaneous electrical energy recovery. In contrast to the conventional HCSW stabilization processes, MFC has its unique advantages such as direct bio-energy conversion in a single step and mild reaction conditions （viz., ambient temperature, normal pressure, and neutral pH）. This review mainly introduces some important aspects of electricity generation from HCSW and its stabilization in MFC, focusing on：（1） MFCs with different fundamentals and configurations designed and constructed to produce electricity from HCSW; （2） performance of wastes degradation and electricity generation; （3） prospect and deficiency posed by MFCs with HCSWas substrates. To date, the major drawback of MFCs fueled by HCSW is the lower power output than those using simple substrates. HCSW hydrolysis and decomposition would be a major tool to improve the performance of MFCs. The optimization of parameters is needed to push the progress of MFCs with HCSW as fuel.

关键词： Microbial fuel cellHigh content solid wastesSubstrateBioremediationBiosensor

Optimizing synthesis conditions of nanoscale zero-valent iron （nZVI） through aqueous reactivity assessment

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015年第5期9卷 813-822页

作者： Yanlai HAN Michael D. Y. YANG weixian zhang Weile YAN Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Texas Tech University Lubbock TX 79409 USA State Key Laboratory for Pollution Control & Resources Reuse Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China

Nanoscale iron particles （nZVI） is one of the most important engineered nanomaterials applied to environmental pollution control and abatement. Although a multitude of synthesis approaches have been proposed, a facile method to screen the reactivity of candidate nZVI materials produced using different methods or under varying synthesis conditions has yet been established. In this study, four reaction parameters were adjusted in the preparation of borohydride-reduced nZVI. The reductive properties of the resultant nanoparticles were assayed independently using two model aqueous contaminants, Cu （II） and nitrate. The results confirm that the reductive reactivity of nZVI is most sensitive to the initial concentration of iron precursor, borohydride feed rate, and the loading ratio of borohydride to ferric ion during particle synthesis. Solution mixing speed, in contrast, carries a relative small weight on the reactivity of nZVI. The two probing reactions （i.e., Cu（II） and nitrate reduction） are able to generate consistent and quantitative inference about the mass-normalized surface activity of nZVI. However, the nitrate assay is valid in dilute aqueous solutions only （50 mg.L~ or lower） due to accelerated deactivation of iron surface at elevated nitrate concentra- tions. Additional insights including the structural and chemical makeup of nZVI can be garnered from Cu（II） reduction assessments. The reactivity assays investigated in this study can facilitate screening of candidate materials or optimization of nZVI production parameters, which complement some of the more sophisticated but less chemically specific material characterization methods used in the nZVI research.

关键词： iron nanoparticles nanoscale iron particles(nZVI) synthesis characterization Cu(II) reduction nitratereduction

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饲用油脂总能测定条件优化研究

饲料工业 2024年第9期45卷 101-106页

作者：唐桂芬王金荣刘昆赵雪峰许亚楠王昊张卫宪河南牧业经济学院河南省非常规饲料资源创新利用重点实验室河南郑州450046 河南工业大学生物工程学院河南郑州450001 河南中标检测服务有限公司河南郑州450001 河南海瑞正检测技术有限公司河南郑州450001

试验选用氧弹量热法进行饲用油脂总能测定条件优化研究。选用豆油、调和油作为试验材料,研究是否添加基质对总能测定结果的影响,进行检测方法优化;选用11种油脂作为试验材料,验证不同试样质量(0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0、1.2 g)对测定结果的影... 详细信息

试验选用氧弹量热法进行饲用油脂总能测定条件优化研究。选用豆油、调和油作为试验材料,研究是否添加基质对总能测定结果的影响,进行检测方法优化;选用11种油脂作为试验材料,验证不同试样质量(0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0、1.2 g)对测定结果的影响;选用5种油脂作为试验材料,比对不同仪器对测定结果的影响。结果表明:测定豆油总能,添加基质后测定结果变异系数大,重复性差(P0.05);不添加基质方法进行日内、日间试验,测定结果差异不显著(P>0.05),测定结果稳定性好(P0.05),对棕榈油总能测定结果表现为差异显著(P0.05)。本试验条件下,油脂测定试验无需添加基质,该方法测定总能结果稳定、重复性好。不同试样质量对豆油、调和油、椰子油、月桂酸、鱼油、鸡油1#、鸡油2#、猪油1#、猪油2#等9种油脂表现为差异不显著,适宜试样质量为0.4~1.0 g;对棕榈油表现为差异显著,适宜试样质量为0.6~1.0 g;对磷脂表现为差异极显著,适宜试样质量为0.8~1.0 g。用两种氧弹量热仪测定油脂总能结果无明显差异。

关键词：饲用油脂总能氧弹量热仪样品质量基质

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学分制改革下中医药人才培养模式探索与实践

中国医药导报 2024年第2期21卷 184-188页

作者：张潍纤赵怀清杨阳马珊云南中医药大学教务处云南昆明650500

推行学分制是完善教学管理体制提高教育教学质量的重要措施。我国中医药院校所推行的学分制改革处于探索和实践阶段。云南中医药大学进行学分制改革后学校教学效果、学生学习效果、教学管理水平和效率得到显著提高。针对中医药院校学分... 详细信息

推行学分制是完善教学管理体制提高教育教学质量的重要措施。我国中医药院校所推行的学分制改革处于探索和实践阶段。云南中医药大学进行学分制改革后学校教学效果、学生学习效果、教学管理水平和效率得到显著提高。针对中医药院校学分制改革实施过程中面临的课程改革、弹性学制实现困难等问题,本文梳理了云南中医药大学学分制改革采取的具体措施,包括课程改革、学生管理、教师培养、规章制度修订等方面,以期为其他院校进行学分制改革提供借鉴。

关键词：学分制改革中医药人才培养模式探索实践

Monodisperse core-shell structured magnetic mesoporous aluminosilicate nanospheres with large dendritic mesochannels

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Nano Research 2015年第8期8卷 2503-2514页

作者： Jianping Yang Dengke Shen Yong Wei Wei Li Fan zhang Biao Kong Shaohua zhang Wei Teng Jianwei Fan weixian zhang Shixue Dou Dongyuan Zhao College of Environmental Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Laboratory of Advanced Materials Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials Australian Institute of Innovative Materials University of Wollongong Innovation Campus Squires Way North Wollongong NSW 2500 Australia Key Laboratory of Materials Physics Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Institute of Solid State Physics Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei 230031 China

The rational design and precise synthesis of multifunctional hybrid nanostructures with a tailored active core and a large, dendritic, modified mesoporous structured shell can promote catalysis, energy storage, and biological applications. Here, an oil-water biphase stratification coating strategy has been developed to prepare monodisperse magnetic dendritic mesoporous silica core-shell structured nano- spheres. These sophisticated Fe3O4@SiO2@dendritic-mSiO2 nanospheres feature large dendritic open pores （2.7 and 10.3 nm）. Significantly, the silica shells can be converted into dendritic mesoporous aluminosilicate frameworks with unchanged porosity, a Si/Al molar ratio of 14, and remarkably strong acidic sites, through a post-synthesis approach. In addition, the resultant magnetic dendritic mesoporous aluminosilicate nanospheres exhibit outstanding properties and promising application in phosphate removal from wastewater.

关键词： mesoporous materials core-shell structures aluminosilicates magnetic property surface acid