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Treatment of intermediate-risk prostate cancer with active surveillance in the routine care-Long-term outcomes of a prospective noninterventional study (HAROW)

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CURRENT UROLOGY 2024年第2期18卷 115-121页

作者： weissbach, lothar Schwarte, Andreas Boedefeld, Edith A. Herden, Jan Hlth Res Men GmbH Berlin Germany Urol Practice Borken Borken Germany Univ Cologne Fac Med & Univ Hosp Cologne Dept Urol Urooncol Robot Assisted & Reconstruct Ur Cologne Germany PAN Clin Urol Practice Cologne Germany Univ Hosp Cologne Dept Urol Kerpener Str 62 Cologne Germany

BackgroundWe report here the long-term outcomes of patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer (PCa) treated with active surveillance (AS) in a daily routine *** and methodsHAROW (2008-2013) was a noninterventional, health service research study investigating the management of localized PCa in a community setting. A substantial proportion of the study centers were office-based urologists. A follow-up examination of all intermediate-risk patients with AS was conducted. Overall, cancer-specific, metastasis-free, and treatment-free survival rates, as well as reasons for discontinuation, were determined and *** the 2957 patients enrolled, 52 with intermediate-risk PCa were managed with AS and were available for evaluation. The median follow-up was 6.8 years (interquartile range, 3.4-8.6 years). Seven patients (13.5%) died of causes unrelated to PCa, of whom 4 were under AS or under watchful waiting. Two patients (3.8%) developed metastasis. The estimated 8-year overall, cancer-specific, metastasis-free, and treatment-free survival rates were 85% (95% confidence interval [CI], 72%-96%), 100%, 93% (95% CI, 82%-100%), and 31% (95% CI, 17%-45%), respectively. On multivariable analysis, prostate-specific antigen density of >= 0.2 ng/mL2 was significantly predictive of receiving invasive treatment (hazard ratio, 3.29; p = 0.006). Reasons for discontinuation were more often due to patient's or physician's concerns (36%) than due to observed clinical *** survival outcome data for intermediate-risk patients managed with AS in real-life health care conditions were promising, rates of discontinuation were high, and discontinuation was often a patient's decision, even when the signs of disease progression were absent. This might be an indication of higher levels of mental burden and anxiety in this specific subgroup of patients, which should be considered when making treatment decisions. From a psychological perspective,

关键词： Active surveillance Intermediate-risk prostate cancer HAROW study Conservative management Outcomes research TREATMENT OPTIONS GUIDELINES MANAGEMENT GRADE

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Process engineering in circular economy

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Particuology 2013年第2期11卷 119-133页

作者： lothar Reh Institute of Process Engineering Swiss Federal Institute of Technology(ETH)

Driven by increasing global population and by growing demand for individual wealth, the consumption of energy and raw materials as well as the steadily growing CO2 concentration in atmosphere pose great challenges to process engineering. This complex multi-scale discipline deals with the transformation of mass by energy to manifold products in different industrial fields under economical and ecological sus- tainable conditions. In growing circular economy, process engineering increasingly plays an important role in recovering valuable components from very diffuse material flows leaving the user stocks following widely variable time periods of use. As well it is engaged in thermal recovery of energy therefrom and in environmentally safe disposal of residual solid wastes whose recovery economically is not feasible. An efficient recovery of materials and energy following the laws of entropy is a must. A complex network of mass, energy, transportation and information flows has to be regarded with growing traded quantities of used goods even on global level. Important constraints in time, however, exist for a necessary realization of innovative new processes and communal mobility and industrial infrastructure on medium and large scale. Based on reasonable long term and highly reliable statistics from industrial organizations repre- senting steel and paper industry, some limits and trends of possible developments in processing of those industries with long recycling experience will be discussed.

关键词： Perspective Process engineering Circular economy Stocks and flows Energy and material efficiency Multi-scale systems Preparation Entropy Time constraints Steel industry Paper industry

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Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of heat treated LCB titanium alloy

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2012年第11期22卷 2609-2615页

作者： Khaled M. IBRAHIM Mansour MHAEDE lothar WAGNER Central Metallurgical R&D Institute-CMRDI P.O. Box 87 Helwan Cairo Egypt TU-Clausthal IWW Agricolastr. 6 Clausthal-Zellerfeld Germany

The influence of ageing time on microstructure and mechanical properties of low-cost beta （LCB） titanium alloy with a chemical composition of Ti-6.6Mo-4.5Fe-1.5Al was investigated. The correlation between microstructure and fatigue crack initiation and growth was also studied. Increasing ageing time tended to increase the volume fraction of the secondary α-precipitates, β-grain size and partial spheroidization of primary α-phase. The maximum tensile strength （1565 MPa） and fatigue limit （750 MPa） were obtained for the samples aged at 500 °C for 0.5 h, while the minimum ones of 1515 MPa and 625 MPa, respectively, were reported for the samples aged at 500 °C for 4 h. The samples aged at 500 °C for 4 h showed a transgranular fracture mode. However, the samples aged at 500 °C for 0.5 h revealed a mixture fracture mode of transgranular and intergranular. The formed cracks on the outer surface of the fatigue samples were found to propagate through the β-grains connecting the primary α-particles existing at the β-grain boundaries.

关键词： beta Ti alloy Ti-6.6Mo-4.5Fe-1.5Al alloy fatigue crack ageing secondary α primary α β-grain tensile strength fatigue limit

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Modelling and simulation of fixtures during grinding

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2009年第7期52卷 1821-1829页

作者： Matthias KLAERNER Juergen LEOPOLD lothar KROLL Institute of Mechanical and Polymer Engineering Chemnitz University of Technology09107 ChemnitzGermany Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology 09126 ChemnitzGermany

The complex workpiece-fixture behaviour during machining is an essential component of the fixture development *** detail,the forces acting on fixture components have to be analysed.A method for the prediction of the reaction forces due to process and clamping loads is presented in this *** the beginning,detailed information about the workpiece-fixture behaviour during the process is determined by a complex finite element ***,the reduction of the number of elements leads to a smaller model with less computation time,validated and used for the variation of process ***,an analytical description is developed based on the combination of both *** the help of the empiric equation it is possible to predict the reaction forces and the dependency on several process *** method has been validated by modelling shape grinding of a nozzle guide vane.

关键词： clamping forces grinding finite element method fixture

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Photodynamic therapy in the treatment of intracranial gliomas:A review of current practice and considerations for future clinical directions

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2015年第1期8卷 40-59页

作者： Carl J.Fisher lothar Lilge Department of Medical Biophysics University of Toronto Princess Margaret Cancer Centre 101 College StRm.15-710 TorontoON M5G 1L7 University Health Network Princess Margaret Cancer Centre 101 College St Rm.15-310TorontoON M5G 1L7

Invasive grade III and IV maliguant gliomas remain difficult to treat with a typical survival time post-diagnosis hovering around 16 months with only minor extension thereof seen in the past decade,whereas some improvements have been obtained towards five-year survival rates for which completeness of resection is a *** techniques such as fluorescence guided resection(FGR)and photodynamic therapy(PDT)are promising adjuvant techniques to in-crease the tumor volume reduction *** has been used in combination with surgical resection or alternatively as standalone treat ment strategy with some sucoess in extending the median survival time of patients compared to surgery alone and the current standard of *** document reviews the outcome of past clinical trials and highlights the general shift in PDT therapeutic *** also looks at the current approaches for interstitial PDT and research options into increasing PDT's glioma treatment fficacy through exploiting both physical and biological based approaches to maximize PDT selectivity and therapeutic index,particularly in brain adjacent to tumor(BAT).Potential reasons for failing to demonstrate a significant survival advantage in prior PDT clinical trials will become evident in light of the improved understanding of glioma biology and PDT dosimetry.

关键词： Oncology brain tumour photodynamic dose therapeutic index photofin aminolu-velinic acid

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Introduction to the Special Issue on Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2022年第4期15卷 11-12页

作者： Buhong Li lothar Lilge School of Science Hainan University Haikou 570228P.R.China Department of Medical Biophysics University of Toronto and Ontario Cancer Institute Toronto M5G 2M9 Canada

Photodynamic therapy(PDT)utilizes photosensi-tizer(PS)together with irradiation light of specific wavelength interacting with oxygen to generate cytotoxic reactive oxygen species,which has been approved for the treatment of several maligr nant and non-malignant *** recently,en-hanced PDT has been achieved by using novel nano-PSs,1 new light sources,2 oxygen supply,and synergistic therapy.

关键词： Photodynamic Therapy utilize

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Mechanical characterization of cp-Ti produced by investment casting

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2011年第8期21卷 1735-1740页

作者： Khaled M.IBRAHIM Mansour MHAEDE lothar WAGNER Central Metallurgical R&D Institute(CMRDI) Institue of Materials Science and Engineering TU-Clausthal

The influence of hot swaging（SW） and annealing treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of commercially pure titanium produced by investment casting was *** as-cast samples showed a typical microstructure consisting of a variety of α-morphologies,while the hot swaged samples exhibited a kinked lamellar *** at 500 °C did not significantly change this microstructure while annealing at 700 and 870 °C led to recrystallization and formation of equiaxed *** cast bars exhibited a typical hard α-layer in near-surface regions with a maximum depth and maximum hardness of 720 μm and HV0.5 660,*** to SW,the tensile strength of the as-cast material drastically increased from 605 MPa to 895 *** at 500 °C decreased the tensile strength slightly from 895 to 865 MPa while annealing at 700 °C led to a further pronounced drop in tensile strength from 865 to 710 *** additional decrease in tensile strength was noticed with increasing the annealing temperature from 700 to 870 °*** true fracture strain of the as-cast and hot swaged samples was in the range of 0.05 to 0.12,while the annealed samples showed values in the range of 0.25 to *** addition,the as-cast and hot swaged samples revealed a brittle cleavage fracture ***,the annealed samples showed a transgranular ductile fracture with formation of dimples.

关键词： pure titanium investment casting swaging thermo-mechanical processing mechanical properties

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Comparison on global supply chain purchasing strategies based on supply contracts

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Journal of Southeast University(English Edition) 2007年第S1期23卷 51-56页

作者：朱莉赵林度 lothar Schulze 东南大经济管理学院南京210096 德国汉诺威大学物流系统规划和控制系德国汉诺威30167

In the global supply chain in a setting characterized by exchange rate uncertainties,it is quite necessary to focus on comparative research trying to find out which kind of purchasing strategy is better in different *** two common global purchasing strategies,risk sharing(RS)and quantity flexibility(QF),are selected to be *** a real-options approach,the valuation models of RS and QF purchasing contracts are *** means of binomial lattice technique,numerical simulation and sensitivity analysis of two stochastic dynamic programs are *** effects on expected discounted value by changing relative parameters are described *** on comparative analysis,it is concluded that the QF purchasing strategy is better than that of the RS especially where great volatility exists for exchange rate processes in the global supply chain.

关键词： global supply chain supply contracts global purchasing real options binomial lattice exchange rate uncertainty

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Dynamic Scaling and Universality of the Two-Dimensional Random-Bond Potts Model

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Chinese Physics Letters 2001年第10期18卷 1404-1407页

作者： YING He-Ping BIAN Bao-jun JI Da-Ren lothar Schiilke Zhejiang Institutte of Modern Physics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027 Fachbereich Physik Universitat SiegenD-57068 SiegenGermany Department of Mathematics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027

Short-time dynamics and universality are investigated for the random-bond Potts model with a trinary distribu tion of quenched randomness on a two-dimensional triangular lattice. The universal power-law scaling behaviour is applied to estimate the exponents z and β/v. Emphasis is placed on dynamic Monte Carlo evolutions for different multi-disorder amplitudes. Our results indicate that the quenched impurities cause a change of the critical universality.

关键词： behaviour scaling triangular

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CHALLENGES FOR PROCESS INDUSTRIES IN RECYCLING

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China Particuology 2006年第2期4卷 47-59页

作者： lothar Reh Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH ZuerichInstitute of Process Engineering CH-8092 Zuerich Switzerland

Increasing population and individual wealth have led to a higher demand for energy and raw material resources as well as for steady improvement of processing technology in view of efficient use of resources and avoiding emissions in production and recycling processes. Present situation and future trend of recycling processing are discussed by examples from the aluminium and steel industries, recycling of cars and post-consumer municipal recovery, The importance of more intense observance of thermodynamic laws and of a 4E strategy ＂Economy, Energy, Environment and Education＂ is outlined.

关键词： environment sustainability resources recycling recovery re-integration global cycle entropy secon-dary materials

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