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Neoantigen cancer vaccines:a new star on the horizon

Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第4期21卷 274-311页

作者： Xiaoling Li Jian You Liping Hong weijiang liu Peng Guo Xishan Hao Cell Biotechnology Laboratory Tianjin Cancer Hospital Airport HospitalTianjin 300308China National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Tianjin 300060China Haihe Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Tianjin 300090China Department of Thoracic Oncology Tianjin Cancer Hospital Airport HospitalTianjin 300308China Department of Thoracic Oncology Surgery Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute&HospitalTianjin 300060China Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute&Hospital Tianjin 300060China

Immunotherapy represents a promising strategy for cancer treatment that utilizes immune cells or drugs to activate the patient's own immune system and eliminate cancer cells.One of the most exciting advances within this field is the targeting of neoantigens,which are peptides derived from non-synonymous somatic mutations that are found exclusively within cancer cells and absent in normal cells.Although neoantigen-based therapeutic vaccines have not received approval for standard cancer treatment,early clinical trials have yielded encouraging outcomes as standalone monotherapy or when combined with checkpoint inhibitors.Progress made in high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics have greatly facilitated the precise and efficient identification of neoantigens.Consequently,personalized neoantigen-based vaccines tailored to each patient have been developed that are capable of eliciting a robust and long-lasting immune response which effectively eliminates tumors and prevents recurrences.This review provides a concise overview consolidating the latest clinical advances in neoantigen-based therapeutic vaccines,and also discusses challenges and future perspectives for this innovative approach,particularly emphasizing the potential of neoantigen-based therapeutic vaccines to enhance clinical efficacy against advanced solid tumors.

关键词： Immunotherapy neoantigen cancer vaccine solid tumors high-throughput sequencing bioinformatics PDOs AI HLA TCR

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Application of machine learning models in groundwater quality assessment and prediction:progress and challenges

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第3期18卷 25-55页

作者： Yanpeng Huang Chao Wang Yuanhao Wang Guangfeng Lyu Sijie Lin weijiang liu Haobo Niu Qing Hu School of Environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Engineering Innovation Center of SUSTech(Beijing) Southern University of Science and TechnologyBeijing 100083China Technical Center for Soil Agriculture and Rural Ecology and EnvironmentMinistry of Ecology and EnvironmentBeijing 100012China Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning Beijing 100043China

Groundwater quality assessment and prediction(GQAP)is vital for protecting groundwater resources.Traditional GQAP methods can not adequately capture the complex relationships among attributes and have the disadvantage of being computationally demanding.Recently,the application of machine learning(ML)in GAQP(GQAPxML)has been widely studied due to ML’s reliability and efficiency.While many GQAPxML publications exist,a thorough review is missing.This review provides a comprehensive summary of the development of ML applications in the field of GQAP.First,the workflow of ML modeling is briefly introduced,as are data preparation,model development,model evaluation,and model application.Second,299 publications related to the topic are filtered,mainly through ML modeling.Subsequently,many aspects of GQAPxML,such as publication trends,the spatial distribution of study areas,the size of data sets,and ML algorithms,are discussed from a bibliometric perspective.In addition,we review in detail the well-established applications and recent findings for several subtopics,including groundwater quality assessment,groundwater quality modeling using groundwater quality parameters,groundwater quality spatial mapping,probability estimation of exceeding the groundwater quality threshold,groundwater quality temporal prediction,and the hybrid use of ML and physics-based models.Finally,the development of GQAPxML is explored from three perspectives:data collection and preprocessing,model building and evaluation,and the broadening of model applications.This review provides a reference for environmental scientists to better understand GQAPxML and promotes the development of innovative methods and improvements in modeling quality.

关键词： Groundwater quality assessment Groundwater quality prediction Machine learning Groundwater modeling

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Phase-locked single-mode terahertz quantum cascade lasers array

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第6期45卷 87-91页

作者： Yunfei Xu weijiang Li Yu Ma Quanyong Lu Jinchuan Zhang Shenqiang Zhai Ning Zhuo Junqi liu Shuman liu Fengmin Cheng Lijun Wang Fengqi liu Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Semiconductor Materials and DevicesBeijing100083China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Division of Quantum Materials and Devices Beijing Academy of Quantum Information SciencesBeijing 100193China

We demonstrated a scheme of phase-locked terahertz quantum cascade lasers(THz QCLs)array,with a single-mode pulse power of 108 mW at 13 K.The device utilizes a Talbot cavity to achieve phase locking among five ridge lasers with first-order buried distributed feedback(DFB)grating,resulting in nearly five times amplification of the single-mode power.Due to the optimum length of Talbot cavity depends on wavelength,the combination of Talbot cavity with the DFB grating leads to better power amplification than the combination with multimode Fabry-Perot(F-P)cavities.The Talbot cavity facet reflects light back to the ridge array direction and achieves self-imaging in the array,enabling phase-locked operation of ridges.We set the spacing between adjacent elements to be 220μm,much larger than the free-space wavelength,ensuring the operation of the fundamental supermode throughout the laser's dynamic range and obtaining a high-brightness far-field distribution.This scheme provides a new approach for enhancing the single-mode power of THz QCLs.

关键词： quantum cascade lasers phase locking terahertz single mode

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Performance and mechanism of Cr(Ⅵ)removal by zero-valent iron loaded onto expanded graphite

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第5期30卷 14-22页

作者： Congbin Xu Wenjie Yang weijiang liu Hongliang Sun Chunlei Jiao Ai-jun Lin College of Chemical Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning Beijing 100012China

Zero-valent iron（ZⅥ） was loaded on expanded graphite（EG） to produce a composite material（EG-ZⅥ） for efficient removal of hexavalent chromium（Cr（Ⅵ））. EG and EG-ZⅥ were characterized by X-ray diffraction（XRD）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM）,Fourier-transform infrared（FTIR） spectroscopy and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller（BET） analysis. EG-ZⅥ had a high specific surface area and contained sub-micron sized particles of zero-valent iron. Batch experiments were employed to evaluate the Cr（Ⅵ） removal performance. The results showed that the Cr（Ⅵ） removal rate was 98.80% for EG-ZⅥ,which was higher than that for both EG（10.00%） and ZⅥ（29.80%）. Furthermore, the removal rate of Cr（Ⅵ） by EG-ZⅥ showed little dependence on solution p H within a p H range of 1–9.Even at pH 11, a Cr（Ⅵ） removal rate of 62.44% was obtained after reaction for 1 hr. EG-ZⅥ could enhance the removal of Cr（Ⅵ） via chemical reduction and physical adsorption,respectively. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS） was used to analyze the mechanisms of Cr（Ⅵ） removal, which indicated that the ZⅥ loaded on the surface was oxidized, and the removed Cr（Ⅵ） was immobilized via the formation of Cr（III） hydroxide and Cr（III）–Fe（III）hydroxide/oxyhydroxide on the surface of EG-ZⅥ.

关键词： Zero-valent iron（ZVI） Expanded graphite（EG） Cr（Ⅵ） removalMechanism

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Evapotranspiration partitioning using an optimality-based ecohydrological model in a semiarid shrubland

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2019年第12期12卷 1423-1440页

作者： Lajiao Chen Liying Sun weijiang liu Lizhe Wang Hui Wu A-Xing Zhu Yiqi Luo Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China Chinese Academy For Environmental Planning BeijingPeople’s Republic of China Computer Science and Geological Survey of CUG China University of GeosciencesWuhanPeople’s Republic of China Smart City Research Center Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhouPeople’s Republic of China Smart City Research Center of Zhejiang Province HangzhouPeople’s Republic of China Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application School of GeographyNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingPeople’s Republic of China Department of Geography University of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWIUSA Center for Ecosystem Science and Society Northern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffAZUSA

Partitioning of evapotranspiration(ET)into biological component transpiration(T)and non-biological component evaporation(E)is crucial in understanding the impact of environmental change on ecosystems and water resources.However,direct measurement of transpiration is still challenging.In this paper,an optimality-based ecohydrological model named Vegetation Optimality Model(VOM)is applied for ET partitioning.The results show that VOM model can reasonably simulate ET and ET components in a semiarid shrubland.Overall,the ratio of transpiration to evapotranspiration is 49%for the whole period.Evaporation and plant transpiration mainly occur in monsoon following the precipitation events.Evaporation responds immediately to precipitation events,while transpiration shows a lagged response of several days to those events.Different years demonstrate different patterns of T/ET ratio dynamic in monsoon.Some of the years show a low T/ET ratio at the beginning of monsoon and slowly increased T/ET ratio.Other years show a high level of T/ET ratio for the whole monsoon.We find out that spring precipitation,especially the size of the precipitation,has a significant influence on the T/ET ratio in monsoon.

关键词： ET partitioning optimalitybased ecohydrological model VOM semiarid shrubland

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凹槽叶顶的气膜冷却特性

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西北工业大学学报 2024年第2期42卷 278-285页

作者：吴芳芳许卫疆刘存良史经垠余泽宇西北工业大学动力与能源学院陕西西安710072

涡轮工作时,叶顶间隙内高速高温的间隙泄露流会直接冲刷动叶顶部,产生局部高温区域,因此控制间隙泄露流至关重要。基于压敏漆涂料(PSP)实验,研究了密度比、吹风比和间隙高度对凹槽叶顶气膜冷却特性的影响。研究结果表明:密度比增大,凹... 详细信息

涡轮工作时,叶顶间隙内高速高温的间隙泄露流会直接冲刷动叶顶部,产生局部高温区域,因此控制间隙泄露流至关重要。基于压敏漆涂料(PSP)实验,研究了密度比、吹风比和间隙高度对凹槽叶顶气膜冷却特性的影响。研究结果表明:密度比增大,凹槽叶顶气膜冷却效果逐渐提高,尤其是大间隙下冷效提高较为明显,叶顶面平均冷效增加了35%;间隙高度和吹风比对叶顶表面冷效的作用不是单一的,小间隙条件下,叶顶表面气膜冷效随着吹风比增大而增大,大间隙条件下,吹风比的增加使得叶顶表面气膜冷效先减小后增加,同时小吹风比时,间隙高度增加提高了叶顶尾缘区域和孔周围的气膜冷效,叶顶面平均冷效提高了6.85%。

关键词：凹槽叶顶间隙高度吹风比密度比气膜冷效

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Epidemiological Characteristics of Occupational Cancers Reported—China,2006−2020

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China CDC weekly 2022年第17期4卷 370-373页

作者： Xinxin Li Dan Wang Anqi liu weijiang Hu Xin Sun National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina WHO Collaboration Center on Occupational Health BeijingChina

Introduction:Occupational cancers are a major threat to workers’health in China.The latest version of the Classification and Catalogue of the Occupational Diseases includes 11 occupational cancers.This study analyzed the epidemiological characteristics of occupational cancers in China reported to the National Occupational Disease Reporting System during 2006−2020.Methods:Occupational cancers reported during 2016−2020 were obtained from the National Occupational Disease Reporting System.Epidemiological characteristics were analyzed by year,region,industry,gender,age at diagnosis,and exposure duration to occupational hazards.Results:Overall,a total of 1,116 cases of occupational cancers were reported between 2006 and 2020.The main types reported were leukemia caused by benzene exposure(511,45.79%),lung cancer caused by coke oven exhaust exposure(266,23.84%),and lung cancer and mesothelioma caused by asbestos exposure(226,20.25%).There were 6 provincial-level administrative divisions(PLADs)that had reported over 50 new cases in the last 15 years.Most cases(913,81.18%)were distributed in the manufacturing industry.There were 870(77.96%)male cases and 246(22.04%)female cases.The average age at diagnosis of all reported cases was 51.91±15.85 years,and the median exposure duration to occupational hazards was 12(5.29−23.25)years.Conclusions:There is a large discrepancy between the high morbidity of occupational cancers and a low number of cases diagnosed and reported cases.Occupational cancers in China may be underestimated,and comprehensive measures should be taken to improve the diagnosis and reporting of occupational cancers.

关键词： diagnosis occupational lung

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脊髓损伤动物模型研究进展

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神经损伤与功能重建 2024年第1期19卷 37-40页

作者：刘彦君赵炜疆江南大学无锡医学院江苏无锡214122

脊髓损伤致死率和致残率高、治疗耗费大且发病年龄呈现低龄化。现有脊髓损伤的临床治疗效果并不理想,给社会和家庭带来沉重负担。为进一步改进临床治疗手段,延长并提高脊髓损伤患者的寿命及生活质量,进一步明确脊髓损伤的病理生理机制... 详细信息

脊髓损伤致死率和致残率高、治疗耗费大且发病年龄呈现低龄化。现有脊髓损伤的临床治疗效果并不理想,给社会和家庭带来沉重负担。为进一步改进临床治疗手段,延长并提高脊髓损伤患者的寿命及生活质量,进一步明确脊髓损伤的病理生理机制必不可少。脊髓损伤的动物模型可较好地模拟脊髓损伤发生、发展过程,用以探讨脊髓损伤发病和治疗机制。目前已有多种不同的脊髓损伤模型用于脊髓发病机制和实验性治疗研究,本文对脊髓挫裂伤、脊髓压迫伤和脊髓横断伤等模型的应用和相关研究进展进行总结,为脊髓损伤模型的选择与制备提供参考。

关键词：脊髓损伤动物模型

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有机溶剂与噪声联合暴露致听力损失的职业流行病学研究进展

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工业卫生与职业病 2024年第1期50卷 73-77页

作者：刘丹胡伟江叶研北京市疾病预防控制中心职业卫生所北京100020 中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所

随着生产环境日趋复杂、有机溶剂在工业生产中广泛使用,存在噪声的工作场所中,往往伴随有机溶剂。二者联合暴露对劳动者听力的影响引起国内外学者的广泛关注。然而现有研究结论并不一致,且国内近年来相关研究较少。本文就现有研究较多... 详细信息

随着生产环境日趋复杂、有机溶剂在工业生产中广泛使用,存在噪声的工作场所中,往往伴随有机溶剂。二者联合暴露对劳动者听力的影响引起国内外学者的广泛关注。然而现有研究结论并不一致,且国内近年来相关研究较少。本文就现有研究较多的几种有机溶剂与噪声联合暴露致听力损失的职业流行病学研究及进展进行综述,为推进噪声和有机溶剂联合暴露致劳动者的听力损害研究、保障职业人群健康及修订职业卫生和职业病诊断标准提供基础资料和理论依据。

关键词：联合暴露有机溶剂噪声听力损失

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Fast Cycle Structure Detection for Power Grids Based on Graph Computing

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2023年第6期9卷 2204-2213页

作者： Xinqiao Wang Kewen liu weijiang Lu Ting Zhao Baohua Zhao Xiaoming liu the Computing&Application Technology Research Division Global Energy Interconnection Research InstituteBeijing 102209China

The cycle structure in a power grid may lower the stability of the network;thus,it is of great significance to accu-rately and timely detect cycles in power grid networks.However,detecting possible cycles in a large-scale network can be highly time consuming and computationally intensive.In addition,since the power grid's topology changes over time,cycles can appear and disappear,and it can be difficult to monitor them in real time.In traditional computing systems,cycle detection requires considerable computational resources,making real-time cycle detection in large-scale power grids an impossible task.Graph computing has shown excellent performance in many areas and has solved many practical graph-related problems,such as power flow calculation and state estimation.In this article,a cycle detection method,the Paton method,is implemented and optimized on a graph computing platform.Two cases are used to test its performance in an actual power grid topology scenario.The results show that the graph computing-based Paton method reduces the time consumption by at least 60%compared to that of other methods.

关键词： Cycle detection graph computing power grid distribution grid

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