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Neoantigen cancer vaccines:a new star on the horizon

Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第4期21卷 274-311页

作者： Xiaoling Li Jian You Liping Hong weijiang Liu Peng Guo Xishan Hao Cell Biotechnology Laboratory Tianjin Cancer Hospital Airport HospitalTianjin 300308China National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Tianjin 300060China Haihe Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Tianjin 300090China Department of Thoracic Oncology Tianjin Cancer Hospital Airport HospitalTianjin 300308China Department of Thoracic Oncology Surgery Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute&HospitalTianjin 300060China Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute&Hospital Tianjin 300060China

Immunotherapy represents a promising strategy for cancer treatment that utilizes immune cells or drugs to activate the patient's own immune system and eliminate cancer cells.One of the most exciting advances within this field is the targeting of neoantigens,which are peptides derived from non-synonymous somatic mutations that are found exclusively within cancer cells and absent in normal cells.Although neoantigen-based therapeutic vaccines have not received approval for standard cancer treatment,early clinical trials have yielded encouraging outcomes as standalone monotherapy or when combined with checkpoint inhibitors.Progress made in high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics have greatly facilitated the precise and efficient identification of neoantigens.Consequently,personalized neoantigen-based vaccines tailored to each patient have been developed that are capable of eliciting a robust and long-lasting immune response which effectively eliminates tumors and prevents recurrences.This review provides a concise overview consolidating the latest clinical advances in neoantigen-based therapeutic vaccines,and also discusses challenges and future perspectives for this innovative approach,particularly emphasizing the potential of neoantigen-based therapeutic vaccines to enhance clinical efficacy against advanced solid tumors.

关键词： Immunotherapy neoantigen cancer vaccine solid tumors high-throughput sequencing bioinformatics PDOs AI HLA TCR

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Phase-locked single-mode terahertz quantum cascade lasers array

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第6期45卷 87-91页

作者： Yunfei Xu weijiang Li Yu Ma Quanyong lu Jinchuan Zhang Shenqiang Zhai Ning Zhuo Junqi Liu Shuman Liu Fengmin Cheng Lijun Wang Fengqi Liu Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Semiconductor Materials and DevicesBeijing100083China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Division of Quantum Materials and Devices Beijing Academy of Quantum Information SciencesBeijing 100193China

We demonstrated a scheme of phase-locked terahertz quantum cascade lasers(THz QCLs)array,with a single-mode pulse power of 108 mW at 13 K.The device utilizes a Talbot cavity to achieve phase locking among five ridge lasers with first-order buried distributed feedback(DFB)grating,resulting in nearly five times amplification of the single-mode power.Due to the optimum length of Talbot cavity depends on wavelength,the combination of Talbot cavity with the DFB grating leads to better power amplification than the combination with multimode Fabry-Perot(F-P)cavities.The Talbot cavity facet reflects light back to the ridge array direction and achieves self-imaging in the array,enabling phase-locked operation of ridges.We set the spacing between adjacent elements to be 220μm,much larger than the free-space wavelength,ensuring the operation of the fundamental supermode throughout the laser's dynamic range and obtaining a high-brightness far-field distribution.This scheme provides a new approach for enhancing the single-mode power of THz QCLs.

关键词： quantum cascade lasers phase locking terahertz single mode

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Fast Cycle Structure Detection for Power Grids Based on Graph Computing

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2023年第6期9卷 2204-2213页

作者： Xinqiao Wang Kewen Liu weijiang lu Ting Zhao Baohua Zhao Xiaoming Liu the Computing&Application Technology Research Division Global Energy Interconnection Research InstituteBeijing 102209China

The cycle structure in a power grid may lower the stability of the network;thus,it is of great significance to accu-rately and timely detect cycles in power grid networks.However,detecting possible cycles in a large-scale network can be highly time consuming and computationally intensive.In addition,since the power grid's topology changes over time,cycles can appear and disappear,and it can be difficult to monitor them in real time.In traditional computing systems,cycle detection requires considerable computational resources,making real-time cycle detection in large-scale power grids an impossible task.Graph computing has shown excellent performance in many areas and has solved many practical graph-related problems,such as power flow calculation and state estimation.In this article,a cycle detection method,the Paton method,is implemented and optimized on a graph computing platform.Two cases are used to test its performance in an actual power grid topology scenario.The results show that the graph computing-based Paton method reduces the time consumption by at least 60%compared to that of other methods.

关键词： Cycle detection graph computing power grid distribution grid

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Fully Decoupled Branch Energy Balancing Control Method for Modular Multilevel Matrix Converter Based on Sequence Circulating Components

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第1期10卷 235-247页

作者： Zexin Zhao weijiang Chen Zhichang Yang Guoliang Zhao Bin Han Yunfei Xu Nianwen Xiang Shulai Wang China Electric Power Research Institute Beijing 100192China State Grid Corporation of China Beijing 100031China State Grid Smart Grid Research Institute Beijing 102209China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Power Transmission Technology Global Energy Interconnection Research InstituteBeijing 102211China Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009China

The modular multilevel matrix converter(M3C)is a potential frequency converter for low-frequency AC transmission.However,capacitor voltage control of high-voltage and largecapacity M3C is more difficult,especially for voltage balancing between branches.To solve this problem,this paper defines sequence circulating components and theoretically analyzes the influence mechanism of different sequence circulating components on branch capacitor voltage.A fully decoupled branch energy balancing control method based on four groups of sequence circulating components is proposed.This method can control capacitor voltages of nine branches in horizontal,vertical and diagonal directions.Considering influences of both circulating current and voltage,a cross decoupled control is designed to improve control precision.Simulation results are taken from a low-frequency transmission system based on PSCAD/EMTDC,and effectiveness and precision of the proposed branch energy balancing control method are verified in the case of nonuniform parameters and an unbalanced power system.

关键词： Branch energy balancing control decoupled control low-frequency AC transmission modular multilevel matrix converter(M3C) sequence circulating components

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Application of machine learning models in groundwater quality assessment and prediction:progress and challenges

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第3期18卷 25-55页

作者： Yanpeng Huang Chao Wang Yuanhao Wang Guangfeng Lyu Sijie Lin weijiang Liu Haobo Niu Qing Hu School of Environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Engineering Innovation Center of SUSTech(Beijing) Southern University of Science and TechnologyBeijing 100083China Technical Center for Soil Agriculture and Rural Ecology and EnvironmentMinistry of Ecology and EnvironmentBeijing 100012China Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning Beijing 100043China

Groundwater quality assessment and prediction(GQAP)is vital for protecting groundwater resources.Traditional GQAP methods can not adequately capture the complex relationships among attributes and have the disadvantage of being computationally demanding.Recently,the application of machine learning(ML)in GAQP(GQAPxML)has been widely studied due to ML’s reliability and efficiency.While many GQAPxML publications exist,a thorough review is missing.This review provides a comprehensive summary of the development of ML applications in the field of GQAP.First,the workflow of ML modeling is briefly introduced,as are data preparation,model development,model evaluation,and model application.Second,299 publications related to the topic are filtered,mainly through ML modeling.Subsequently,many aspects of GQAPxML,such as publication trends,the spatial distribution of study areas,the size of data sets,and ML algorithms,are discussed from a bibliometric perspective.In addition,we review in detail the well-established applications and recent findings for several subtopics,including groundwater quality assessment,groundwater quality modeling using groundwater quality parameters,groundwater quality spatial mapping,probability estimation of exceeding the groundwater quality threshold,groundwater quality temporal prediction,and the hybrid use of ML and physics-based models.Finally,the development of GQAPxML is explored from three perspectives:data collection and preprocessing,model building and evaluation,and the broadening of model applications.This review provides a reference for environmental scientists to better understand GQAPxML and promotes the development of innovative methods and improvements in modeling quality.

关键词： Groundwater quality assessment Groundwater quality prediction Machine learning Groundwater modeling

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The auxin transporter OsAUX1 regulates tillering in rice(Oryza sativa)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第5期23卷 1454-1467页

作者： luqi Jia Yongdong Dai Ziwei Peng Zhibo Cui Xuefei Zhang Yangyang Li weijiang Tian Guanghua He Yun Li Xianchun Sang Chongqing Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Improvement/Rice Research Institute Academy of Agricultural SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing400715China Rice and Sorghum Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic BreedingMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsDeyang 618000China

Tillering is an important agronomic trait of rice(Oryza sativa)that affects the number of effective panicles,thereby affecting yields.The phytohormone auxin plays a key role in tillering.Here we identified the high tillering and semi-dwarf 1(htsd1)mutant with auxin-deficiency root characteristics,such as shortened lateral roots,reduced lateral root density,and enlarged root angles.htsd1 showed reduced sensitivity to auxin,but the external application of indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)inhibited its tillering.We identified the mutated gene in htsd1 as AUXIN1(OsAUX1,LOC_Os01g63770),which encodes an auxin influx transporter.The promoter sequence of OsAUX1 contains many SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE(SPL)binding sites,and we demonstrated that SPL7 binds to the OsAUX1 promoter.TEOSINTE BRANCHED1(OsTB1),a key gene that negatively regulates tillering,was significantly downregulated in htsd1.Tillering was enhanced in the OsTB1 knockout mutant,and the external application of IAA inhibited tiller elongation in this mutant.Overexpressing OsTB1 restored the multi-tiller phenotype of htsd1.These results suggest that SPL7 directly binds to the OsAUX1 promoter and regulates tillering in rice by altering OsTB1 expression to modulate auxin signaling.

关键词： rice(Oryza sativa L.) tillering indole-3-acetic acid(IAA) OsAUX1 OsTB1

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Research Advances on Cyclohexane Catalytic Cracking

Expert Review of Chinese Chemical

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Expert Review of Chinese Chemical 2024年第1期2卷 21-26页

作者： weijiang Li Jingxi Zhang Hebei University of Engineering

This article elaborates on the research achievements of domestic and foreign researchers in exploring the conversion pathways and reaction mechanisms of cyclohexane catalytic cracking in recent years.It analyzes the effects of different catalysts and process conditions on the conversion laws of cyclohexane,summarizes the conversion pathways of cyclohexane,and discusses the chemical mechanisms of several main reactions of cyclohexane in catalytic cracking,such as cracking,isomerization,hydrogen transfer,dehydrogenation,and alkylation;Several advanced characterization methods and common research methods were listed,and prospects for future development in this field were proposed based on existing research.

关键词： catalytic cracking catalyst cycloalkanes cyclohexane

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虚拟现实的人与自然场景融合的3维动画设计

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兵工自动化 2024年第7期43卷 36-39页

作者：陈伟江上海工艺美术职业学院产品设计学院上海201808

为提高传统动画设计的沉浸式体验感受,提出基于虚拟现实技术的人与自然环境融合交互动画设计方案。对3维动画的虚拟场景构建进行剖析;就虚拟场景中人和自然的融和技术进行研究,重点是人的体表数据采集、骨骼数据提取和虚实场景融合;基于... 详细信息

为提高传统动画设计的沉浸式体验感受,提出基于虚拟现实技术的人与自然环境融合交互动画设计方案。对3维动画的虚拟场景构建进行剖析;就虚拟场景中人和自然的融和技术进行研究,重点是人的体表数据采集、骨骼数据提取和虚实场景融合;基于Unity3D软件进行人与自然融合交互3维动画设计实践,以人的手臂与火球的交互动作为例,展示了人在虚拟场景中对火球的融合和交互控制。结果表明:该设计对人机交互式的3维动画设计具有一定参考和借鉴价值。

关键词：虚拟现实融合 3维动画

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多路音频传感信号低功耗实时采集方法设计

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传感技术学报 2024年第4期37卷 690-695页

作者：汤敏顾炜江江苏第二师范学院物理与信息工程学院江苏南京211200 南京林业大学网络安全和信息化办公室江苏南京210037

由于多路音频存在信号混合噪声干扰,以单路无线传感器网络(Wireless Sensor Networks, WSN)节点为基础的采集过程,淡化了不同路线上的噪声特征,以单一阈值为基础降噪,存在采集偏差大、丢包率高等问题,提出基于WSN节点的多路音频信号低... 详细信息

由于多路音频存在信号混合噪声干扰,以单路无线传感器网络(Wireless Sensor Networks, WSN)节点为基础的采集过程,淡化了不同路线上的噪声特征,以单一阈值为基础降噪,存在采集偏差大、丢包率高等问题,提出基于WSN节点的多路音频信号低功耗实时采集方法。利用五元麦克风声源定位模型,确定音频信号声源的方位、距离和角度等信息,引入传感器节点,引入静音区检测的多路降噪法,通过调整静音区幅度值为0达到对音频信号不同线路的降噪目的;通过计算合适的采样时间点和平均采样频率,实现多路音频信号低功耗采集。在对比实验测试中,所提方法取得的音频信号值最接近实际值,并且丢包率最高仅为2.5%,最高功耗仅为0.62 W,该方法有效提高了信号的准确性。

关键词： WSN节点多路音频信号低功耗采集声源定位平均采样频率噪声干扰

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使用方面引导图注意网络的方面级情感分类模型

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小型微型计算机系统 2024年第1期45卷 101-107页

作者：赵源李卫疆昆明理工大学信息工程与自动化学院昆明650500 昆明理工大学云南省人工智能重点实验室昆明650500

方面级情感分类的任务是判断给定方面的情感极性,图注意网络是处理句法信息的有效手段,然而传统图注意神经网络在通过中间节点聚合与方面间接相邻的信息时,并不直接考虑该节点与方面的相关性,这将导致不相关信息过多传递到最终表示,影... 详细信息

方面级情感分类的任务是判断给定方面的情感极性,图注意网络是处理句法信息的有效手段,然而传统图注意神经网络在通过中间节点聚合与方面间接相邻的信息时,并不直接考虑该节点与方面的相关性,这将导致不相关信息过多传递到最终表示,影响分类效果.本文提出了使用方面引导图注意网络的方面级情感分类模型,首先使用多头自注意编码学习文本句内表示,然后使用方面引导图注意网络对情感信息进行聚合,同时使用了语义注意力模块突出浅层网络中可能被遮蔽注意力遗漏的情感信息,结合生成最终表示进行分类预测.本文通过公开数据集上的实验证明本文模型具有更好的效果,进而通过实验验证了方面引导图注意网络相比传统图注意网络在方面级情感分类中具有更优的性能以及其它组件的有效性.

关键词：方面级情感分析情感分类方面引导图注意网络

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