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Thermo-Flow Performances for the Main-Auxiliary Integrated Natural Draft Dry Cooling System

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第3期33卷 1010-1025页

作者： ZHANG Zongyang HOU Yichen ZHOU Hanyu JIA He CHEN lei KONG Yanqiang WANG weijia YANG Lijun DU Xiaoze Key Laboratory of Power Station Energy Transfer Conversion and System of Ministry of Education School of Energy Power and Mechanical EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China

Recently,natural draft dry cooling system with the main-auxiliary integrated air-cooled heat exchangers in the up and lower layers,has drawn attention to the electric power industry.This research firstly develops two physical models for the integrated cooling system,namely Case A and Case B.In Case A,the main air-cooled heat exchanger is arranged in the upper layer and the auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger arranged in the lower layer,while in Case B,the two heat exchanger systems are arranged in the opposite way.And then,directing at the engineering TMCR and TRL 1 working conditions,the unit-local-overall thermo-flow characteristics of Case A and Case B are obtained and compared by numerical simulation.The findings show that,for the auxiliary air-cooled exchanger,Case A has obviously higher cooling performances than Case B,with the difference varying from 5.46%to 7.55%.Whereas,for the main air-cooled exchanger,Case B shows the recovered cooling performances,with the difference changing from 1.15%to 2.99%.Case A is preferably recommended to the engineering application in consideration of more strict cooling demand of the auxiliary cooling system.Conclusively,this research will provide some theoretical guidelines for the design and construction of the main-auxiliary integrated natural draft dry cooling system.

关键词： integrated dry cooling system main air-cooled heat exchanger auxiliary air-cooled heat exchanger upper layer and lower layer thermo-flow performances

Glutathione-depleted cyclodextrin pseudo-polyrotaxane nanoparticles for anti-inflammatory oxaliplatin(Ⅳ) prodrug delivery and enhanced colorectal cancer therapy

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 280-286页

作者： Wenjia Wang Xingyue He Xiaojie Wang Tiantian Zhao Osamu Muraoka Genzoh Tanabe weijia Xie Tianjiao Zhou lei Xing Qingri Jin Hulin Jiang State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 210009China Faculty of Pharmacy Kinki University HigashiosakaOsaka 577-8502Japan State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines(SKLNM)and Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of PharmacyChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 210009China School of Pharmacy Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhou 311399China College of Pharmacy Yanbian UniversityYanji 133002China

Oxaliplatin(Oxa) is the first-line chemotherapeutic drug for the treatment of colorectal cancer(CRC). However, long-term Oxa chemotherapy can induce inflammation and increase the levels of cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) and prostaglandin E2(PGE2), which can promote tumor metastasis. Moreover,high glutathione(GSH) levels in CRC cells significantly reduce Oxa sensitivity and seriously restrict the clinical application of Oxa. Herein, an Oxa(Ⅳ) prodrug with anti-inflammatory properties(desmethyl naproxe, DN) and GSH-depleting cyclodextrin pseudo-polyrotaxane carriers were prepared and further self-assembled into micellar nanoparticles(designated DNPt@PPRI). The relesae of DN from DNPt@PPRI can reduce the level of PGE2 to inhibit inflammation and tumor metastasis by decreasing COX-2 protein,and also synergize with Oxa to inhibit tumor. More importantly, GSH depletion can reduce the detoxification of Oxa and further enhance chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. DNPt@PPRI have a good GSH depletion ability to enhance the sensitivity of Oxa, indicating a potential in the synergistic chemotherapy and chemo-sensitization of colorectal cancer.

关键词： Oxaliplatin Glutathione depletion Tetravalent platinum prodrug Synergistic therapy Colorectal cancer

Recent advances in cancer-associated fibroblast:Biomarkers,signaling pathways,and therapeutic opportunities

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第6期137卷 638-650页

作者： Donger Zhou lei Zheng Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang 310009China Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center The Skip Viragh Pancreatic Cancer Center for Clinical Research and Careand The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Immunotherapy at Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287USA

Anti-cancer therapies usually focus on tumor cells,but non-tumor stromal components in the tumor microenvironment also play vital roles in tumor initiation and progression,which may be the prognostic factors and potential therapeutic targets.Cancer-associated fibroblasts(CAFs)are the essential component in the tumor environment,exhibiting high heterogeneity in their cell origin and phenotype with diverse functions that influence tumor angiogenesis,immune systems,and metabolism.Single-cell RNA sequencing and genetically engineered mouse models have increased our understanding of CAF diversity,and many subtypes have been defined.However,the precise functions of these subtypes need to be studied and validated.Studies of signaling pathways and epigenetic changes in CAFs facilitate understanding of the phenotypes of CAFs and the crosstalk between tumor cells and CAFs to provide potential therapeutic targets.Some clinical trials,including phase III trials targeting CAFs,have been performed recently.However,few of these trials have generated promising results,which indicates that the complexity of CAFs in the tumor microenvironment remains largely unknown,and in-depth investigations of CAFs should be performed.This review summarizes the research on CAFs,focusing on the heterogeneity of their phenotypes and functions,specific signaling pathways,and the therapeutic strategies involving CAFs.Additionally,we briefly discuss the current technologies commonly used in CAF studies and describe the challenges and future perspectives of CAF research.

关键词： Cancer-associated fibroblasts Tumor microenvironment Anti-cancer therapy Targeted therapy

Metarelation2vec:A Metapath-Free Scalable Representation Learning Model for Heterogeneous Networks

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第2期29卷 553-575页

作者： lei Chen Yuan Li Yong lei Xingye Deng School of Information and Electrical Engineering Hunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtan 411201China School of Computer Science and Engineering Hunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtan 411201China

Metapaths with specific complex semantics are critical to learning diverse semantic and structural information of heterogeneous networks(HNs)for most of the existing representation learning models.However,any metapaths consisting of multiple,simple metarelations must be driven by domain experts.These sensitive,expensive,and limited metapaths severely reduce the flexibility and scalability of the existing models.A metapath-free,scalable representation learning model,called Metarelation2vec,is proposed for HNs with biased joint learning of all metarelations in a bid to address this problem.Specifically,a metarelation-aware,biased walk strategy is first designed to obtain better training samples by using autogenerating cooperation probabilities for all metarelations rather than using expert-given metapaths.Thereafter,grouped nodes by the type,a common and shallow skip-gram model is used to separately learn structural proximity for each node type.Next,grouped links by the type,a novel and shallow model is used to separately learn the semantic proximity for each link type.Finally,supervised by the cooperation probabilities of all meta-words,the biased training samples are thrown into the shallow models to jointly learn the structural and semantic information in the HNs,ensuring the accuracy and scalability of the models.Extensive experimental results on three tasks and four open datasets demonstrate the advantages of our proposed model.

关键词： metarelation random walk heterogeneous network metapath representation learning

速率分割多址接入系统中的协作中继传输策略与优化

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北京邮电大学学报 2024年第2期47卷 58-65页

作者：雷维嘉张智雷宏江唐宏重庆邮电大学通信与信息工程学院重庆400065 重庆邮电大学移动通信技术重庆市重点实验室重庆400065

针对两用户系统提出了一种基于速率分割多址接入的协作中继传输策略。首先设计了系统效益函数,以更完善的方式评估协作速率分割多址接入系统的能量成本;然后以最大化系统效益为目标,对预编码矩阵、公共速率分配、发射功率和时间分配进... 详细信息

针对两用户系统提出了一种基于速率分割多址接入的协作中继传输策略。首先设计了系统效益函数,以更完善的方式评估协作速率分割多址接入系统的能量成本;然后以最大化系统效益为目标,对预编码矩阵、公共速率分配、发射功率和时间分配进行了联合优化;采用黄金分割搜索法和逐次凸逼近等方法将非凸问题转化为凸问题,并进行了求解。仿真结果显示,与基准方案相比,所提方案能够实现更高的系统效益。

关键词：速率分割多址接入协作中继优化

A physical layer security scheme for full-duplex communication systems with residual self-interference and non-eavesdropping CSI

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Digital Communications and Networks 2021年第3期7卷 352-361页

作者： weijia lei Yang Zhou Xiuzhen Lin School of Communication and Information Engineering Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing400065China

We discuss the physical layer security scheme in the Full-Duplex(FD)MIMO point-to-point two-way communication system with residual self-interference,in which legitimate nodes send confidential information and null space Artificial Noise(AN)while receiving information.Because the Channel State Information(CSI)of the eavesdropper is unavailable,we optimize the covariance matrices of the information signal as well as the allocation of the antenna for transmitting and receiving to minimize the signal power consumption under the target rate constraint.As a result,the power of AN is maximized within the limit of total power,so the interception capability of the eavesdropper is suppressed as much as possible.Since self-interference cannot be completely eliminated,the optimization process of one legitimate node depends on the optimization result of the other.By substituting self-interference power in the secrecy rate formula with its average value,the joint optimization process at the two nodes is transformed into two separate and solvable optimization processes.Then,the Water-Filling Algorithm(WFA)and bisection algorithm are used to get the optimal covariance matrices of the signal.Furthermore,we derive the theoretical lower bound of ergodic achievable secrecy rate under rayleigh channels to evaluate the performance of the scheme.The simulation results show that the theoretical derivation is correct,and the actual achievable rate is very close to the target rate,which means that the approximation in the optimization is feasible.The results also show that secrecy transmission can be realized because a considerable secrecy rate can be achieved.

关键词： Physical layer security Full-duplex Self-interference Eavesdropping CSI Multi-antenna

智能反射表面辅助的非正交多址接入系统用户分组、波束赋形与相移的优化

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电子与信息学报 2024年第3期46卷 858-866页

作者：雷维嘉于顺洪雷宏江唐宏重庆邮电大学通信与信息工程学院重庆400065 重庆邮电大学移动通信技术重庆市重点实验室重庆400065

该文研究智能反射表面(IRS)辅助的多天线非正交多址接入(NOMA)网络中用户分组、发送波束赋形、相移等的联合优化问题。系统中1个分组分配1个波束并在组内进行连续干扰消除检测。该文提出一种不依赖于发送波束赋形和IRS相移的用户分组配... 详细信息

该文研究智能反射表面(IRS)辅助的多天线非正交多址接入(NOMA)网络中用户分组、发送波束赋形、相移等的联合优化问题。系统中1个分组分配1个波束并在组内进行连续干扰消除检测。该文提出一种不依赖于发送波束赋形和IRS相移的用户分组配对策略,将用户分组与其他优化分离,显著降低了优化问题求解的难度和计算复杂度。进一步,联合优化基站发送波束赋形、功率分配和IRS相移矩阵,最小化基站的总发送功率。原始优化问题是一个多变量相互耦合的非凸优化问题,利用松弛变量、连续凸逼近、半定松弛、交替迭代优化等方法将原问题转化为凸问题并求解。仿真结果显示,相较于1个用户1个波束的方案,所提方案在基站天线数较少时性能更优,而在天线数较多时也与该对比方案非常接近,但所提方案的优化计算复杂度更低。而对比采用不同分组算法、随机IRS相移方案、最大比发射方案,以及无IRS的方案,所提方案的性能始终更优。

关键词：智能反射表面非正交多址接入用户分组波束赋形

Structural energy storage composites based on modified carbon fiber electrode with metal-organic frame enhancing layered double hydroxide

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1552-1563页

作者： Jinrui Ye Zhongbao Wang Qin lei lei Sun Jinfeng Gu School of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Tangshan Research Institute Beijing Institute of TechnologyTangshan 063000China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shenyang Jianzhu UniversityShenyang 110168China Department of Stomatology PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical CenterBeijing 100101China Beijing Electromechanical Engineering Research Institute Beijing 100074China

Structural energy storage composites present advantages in simultaneously achieving structural strength and electrochemical properties.Adoption of carbon fiber electrodes and resin structural electrolytes in energy storage composite poses challenges in maintaining good mechanical and electrochemical properties at reasonable cost and effort.Here,we report a simple method to fabricate structural supercapacitor using carbon fiber electrodes(modified by Ni-layered double hydroxide(Ni-LDH)and in-situ growth of Co-metal-organic framework(Co-MOF)in a two-step process denoted as Co-MOF/Ni-LDH@CF)and bicontinuous-phase epoxy resin-based structural electrolyte.Co-MOF/Ni-LDH@CF as electrode material exhibits improved specific capacity(42.45 F·g^(-1))and cycle performance(93.3%capacity retention after 1000 cycles)in a three-electrode system.The bicontinuous-phase epoxy resin-based structural electrolyte exhibits an ionic conductivity of 3.27×10^(-4) S·cm^(-1).The fabricated Co-MOF/Ni-LDH@CF/SPE-50 structural supercapacitor has an energy density of 3.21 Wh·kg^(-1) at a power density of 42.25 W·kg^(-1),whilst maintaining tensile strength and modulus of 334.6 MPa and 25.2 GPa.These results show practical potential of employing modified commercial carbon fiber electrodes and epoxy resin-based structural electrolytes in structural energy storage applications.

关键词： carbon fiber electrode structural electrolyte structural energy storage composites supercapacitor

DCVAE-adv:A Universal Adversarial Example Generation Method for White and Black Box Attacks

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第2期29卷 430-446页

作者： lei Xu Junhai Zhai College of Mathematics and Information Science Hebei UniversityBaoding 071002China

Deep neural network(DNN)has strong representation learning ability,but it is vulnerable and easy to be fooled by adversarial examples.In order to handle the vulnerability of DNN,many methods have been proposed.The general idea of existing methods is to reduce the chance of DNN models being fooled by observing some designed adversarial examples,which are generated by adding perturbations to the original images.In this paper,we propose a novel adversarial example generation method,called DCVAE-adv.Different from the existing methods,DCVAE-adv constructs adversarial examples by mixing both explicit and implicit perturbations without using original images.Furthermore,the proposed method can be applied to both white box and black box attacks.In addition,in the inference stage,the adversarial examples can be generated without loading the original images into memory,which greatly reduces the memory overhead.We compared DCVAE-adv with three most advanced adversarial attack algorithms:FGSM,AdvGAN,and AdvGAN++.The experimental results demonstrate that DCVAE-adv is superior to these state-of-the-art methods in terms of attack success rate and transfer ability for targeted attack.Our code is available at https://***/xzforeverlove/DCVAE-adv.

关键词： deep neural network adversarial examples white box attack black box attack robustness