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Maternal egg care enhances hatching success and offspring quality in an oviparous skink

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第3期17卷 468-477页

作者： Hongliang LU Jie WANG Chunquan KANG weiguo du Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration School of Life and Environmental SciencesHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouChina Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesInstitute of ZoologyBeijingChina

Maternal egg-caring behavior can often be observed in oviparous scincid *** expression of such behavior is predictably affected by the trade-off between its resultant costs and benefits for mothers and/or offspring,which has been investigated in only a few scincid ***,post-ovipositional Plestiodon chinensis females were treated to care for their egg clutches without interference,under simulated predation pressure,or to be *** maternal costs and offspring benefits associated with egg-caring behavior were then evaluated by measuring changes in maternal body condition,egg mortality,and hatchling ***-caring behavior caused post-ovipositional females to participate less in outside-nest activity,eat less food,and show relatively poorer body conditions at egg *** contrast,compared with care-deprived females,egg-caring females gained mass slightly faster,and achieved a similar body condition within a few months of *** that were cared for by their mothers were more likely to hatch and produced larger,faster-running and better-growing hatchlings with higher survival than uncared-for *** exposure to a potential predator had no distinct impact on maternal egg-caring behavior expression and offspring *** results indicated that marked benefits of offspring viability but minor maternal energy costs might play a decisive role in the occurrence of maternal egg-caring behavior in ***.

关键词： benefit-cost tradeoff egg mortality offspring fitness parental care Plestiodon chinensis

Desertification Drives the Shift in Egg Size-Number Trade-Off in an Agamid Lizard

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Asian Herpetological Research 2022年第4期13卷 284-291页

作者： Zhigao ZENG Zhensheng LIU Jinyun WEI Xiaolei ZHANG weiguo du Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 10101China College of Wildlife Resources Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040HeilongjiangChina Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology State Forestry AdministrationHarbin 150040HeilongjiangChina

Desertification is a serious ecological problem leading to significant biodiversity loss,but how desertification drives shifts in life history and fitness of animals remains *** clarify whether habitat desertification causes shifts in life history strategies,we compared ecological factors and reproductive traits of Phrynocephalus przewalskii from three different desertification habitats-fixed dune,semi-fixed dune and mobile dune of a semi-arid region of Inner Mongolia,at the eastern edge of Hobq Desert,*** results showed a significant shift in the egg size-number trade-off of *** in response to desertification,with lizards from the mobile dune habitat producing smaller clutches of larger eggs than lizards from the fixed and semi-fixed dune *** life history shift is likely adaptive and driven by abiotic factors(temperature and precipitation)rather than biotic factors(food availability and lizard population density).Our study demonstrates that habitat desertification drives the shift in egg size-number trade-off in a lizard and highlights the importance of exploring the life history responses of animals to habitat desertification as well as to other traditionally well-studied factors like temperature,especially in the context of future global clima te change.

关键词： desert adaptation egg lifehistory Phrynocephalus przewalskii reptile trade-off

Elevational Variation in Reproductive Strategy of a Widespread Lizard:High-Elevation Females Lay Fewer but Larger Eggs

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Asian Herpetological Research 2022年第3期13卷 198-204页

作者： Gideon Gywa DEME Xin HAO Liang MA Baojun SUN weiguo du Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039China College of Forestry Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228HainanChina

Identifying how reproductive strategies such as the trade-off between clutch size versus egg mass vary with elevational gradients is essential for our understanding of life-history *** studied lacertid lizards(Eremias argus)in China,from six populations at different altitudes,to assess elevational variation in reproductive *** found significant between-population variation in maternal body size and clutch mass,but these variations were not explained by elevational ***,high-elevation females tended to produce smaller clutches of larger eggs compared with their low-elevation counterparts,demonstrating an elevational change in the trade-off between egg size and *** egg size-number trade-off is a reproductive strategy that may favor large offspring,better enabling them to survive severe and unpredictable environments found at high elevations.

关键词： between-population variation clutch size egg size elevational gradient Eremiasargus local adaptation reproductive output

Offspring Sex Is Not Determined by Gestation Temperature in a Viviparous Lizard(Eremias multiocellata) from the Desert Steppe of Inner Mongolia

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Asian Herpetological Research 2022年第1期13卷 23-33页

作者： Qiyu LI Tingting ZOU Wenqi TANG Yang WANG weiguo du Xifeng WANG Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei ProvinceCollege of Life SciencesHebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024HebeiChina

Sex-determining systems show a striking diversity not only among species, but also among popula tions. In reptiles, sex-determina tion is a continuum, from tempera ture-dependent sex determination(TSD) to genetic sex determination(GSD).The multi-ocellated racerunner(Eremias multiocellata)is reported to be a cryptic ZZ/ZW chromosomal TSD species, with male-biased sex ratios at high temperatures in two Gansu populations. However, the generality of the sex-determining pattern in different populations of this species remains unclear. To investigate the mode of sex determina tion in a popula tion of *** from the desert steppe of Inner Mongolia,we first identified sex chromosomes via comparative genomic hybridization(CGH). We then conducted a thermal manipulation experiment to determine the effect of gestation temperature on offspring sex *** the CGH studies we found that lizards from the Inner Mongolia population possessed ZZ/ZW sex chromosomes. However, our thermal manipulation experiment showed that gestation temperature did not affect the sex ratio of neonates in this population. In combination, these results rule out TSD in the Inner Mongolia population of E. multiocellata, and suggest that there is widespread geographic variation in the sexdetermining system of this species.

关键词： geographic variation maternal thermal environment reptile sex chromosome sex determination sex ratio sex reversal

Phenotypic Plasticity in Embryonic Development of Reptiles:Recent Research and Research Opportunities in China

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Asian Herpetological Research 2013年第1期4卷 1-8页

作者： weiguo du Xiang JI Richard SHINE Key Lab of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology College of Life SciencesNanjing Normal University Biological Sciences University of Sydney

Adaptive developmental plasticity can enable an organism to modify its phenotype rapidly, in response to local （and perhaps, unpredictable） conditions, by altering reaction norms during development. Previous studies on this topic have been dominated by western scientists, employing western study systems and approaches. Recently, the expansion of Chinese ecological research has seen a broadening of studies taxonomically （phylogenetically）. Here, we briefly summarize research that has been conducted on developmental plasticity in Chinese reptiles over the past two decades, and suggest productive directions for future studies in this field. There are exciting research opportunities in this field in China, and we call for increased collaboration between western and eastern scientists to elucidate the role of developmental plasticity in evolutionary responses of organisms to environmental changes. As human activities increase the intensity and frequency of such changes, the need to understand responses of biological systems becomes an increasingly urgent priority.

关键词： developmental plasticity embryonic reptile ecological adaptation environmental change China

Field body temperature and thermal preference of the big-headed turtle Platysternon megacephalum

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Current Zoology 2013年第5期59卷 626-632页

作者： Jianwei SHEN Fanwei MENG Yongpu ZHANG weiguo du Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Department of Environmental Sciences School of Life Sciences Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 310036 China College of Life and Environmental Sciences Wenzhou University Wenzhou 325027 Zhejiang China

The big-headed turtlePlatysternon megacephalumis a stream-dwelling species whose ecology is poorly known. We carried out field and laboratory investigations to determine field body temperatures and thermal preference of this species. In the field, the body temperatures of the turtles conformed to the water temperature, with little diel variation in either summer or autumn. Over the diel cycle, the mean body temperatures ranged from 20.8°C to 22.2°C in summer and from 19.3°C to 21.2°C in autumn; the highest body temperatures ranged from 22.1°C to 25.0°C in summer and from 20.6°C to 23.8°C in autumn. In the laboratory, the preferred body temperature (Tp) was 25.3°C. Food intake was maximized at 24.0°C, whereas locomotor performance peaked at 30.0°C. Consequently, Tpwas closer to the thermal optimum for food intake than for locomotion. Therefore, this freshwater turtle has relative low field body temperatures corresponding to its thermal environment. In addition, the turtle prefers low temperatures and has a low optimal temperature for food intake.

关键词：平胸龟体温偏好食物摄入量适宜温度昼夜变化实验室淡水龟

Generalization of predator recognition:Velvet geckos display anti-predator behaviours in response to chemicals from non-dangerous elapid snakes

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Current Zoology 2010年第3期56卷 337-342页

作者： Jonathan K. WEBB weiguo du David PIKE Richard SHINE School of Biological Sciences University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Department of Environmental Sciences School of Life Sciences Hangzhou Normal College 310036 Hangzhou Zhejiang China

Many prey species detect chemical cues from predators and modify their behaviours in ways that reduce their risk ofpredation. Theory predicts that prey should modify their anti-predator responses according to the degree of threat posed by thepredator. That is, prey should show the strongest responses to chemicals of highly dangerous prey, but should ignore or respondweakly to chemicals from non-dangerous predators. However, if anti-predator behaviours are not costly, and predators are rarelyencountered, prey may exhibit generalised antipredator behaviours to dangerous and non-dangerous predators. In Australia, mostelapid snakes eat lizards, and are therefore potentially dangerous to lizard prey. Recently, we found that the nocturnal velvetgecko Oedura lesueurii responds to chemicals from dangerous and non-dangerous elapid snakes, suggesting that it displays generalisedanti-predator behaviours to chemicals from elapid snakes. To explore the generality of this result, we videotaped the behaviourof velvet geckos in the presence of chemical cues from two small elapid snakes that rarely consume geckos: the nocturnalgolden-crowned snake Cacophis squamulosus and the diurnal marsh snake Hemiaspis signata. We also videotaped geckos in trialsinvolving unscented cards (controls) and cologne-scented cards (pungency controls). In trials involving Cacophis and Hemiaspischemicals, 50% and 63% of geckos spent long time periods (> 3 min) freezing whilst pressed flat against the substrate, *** half the geckos tested exhibited anti-predator behaviours (tail waving, tail vibration, running) in response to Cacophis(67%) or Hemiaspis (63%) chemicals. These behaviours were not observed in control or pungency control trials. Our resultssupport the idea that the velvet gecko displays generalised anti-predator responses to chemical cues from elapid *** responses to predator chemicals may be common in prey species that co-occur with multiple, ecologically similar,

关键词： Predation risk Chemical cues Lizard Elapidae Gekkonidae Olfaction Multipredator

Experimental evaluation of reproductive response to climate warming in an oviparous skink

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Integrative Zoology 2013年第2期8卷 175-183页

作者： Hongliang LU Yong WANG Wenqi TANG weiguo du Hangzhou Key Laboratory for Animal Adaptation and Evolution School of Life and Environmental SciencesHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouChina Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservational Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

The impact of climate warming on organisms is increasingly being *** experimental evaluation of phenotypically plastic responses to warming is a critical step in understanding the biological effects and adaptive capacity of organisms to future climate *** Scincella modesta live in deeply-shaded habitats and they require low optimal temperatures during embryonic development,which makes them suitable subjects for testing the effects of warming on *** raised adult females and incubated their eggs under different thermal conditions that mimicked potential climate *** reproduction,embryonic development and hatchling traits were monitored to evaluate the reproductive response to *** warming induced females to lay eggs earlier,but it did not affect the developmental stage of embryos at oviposition or the reproductive *** high temperatures experienced by gravid females during warming treatments reduced the incubation period and increased embryonic *** locomotor performance of hatchlings was not affected by the maternal thermal environment,but it was affected by the warming treatment during embryonic *** results suggest that climate warming might have a profound effect on fitness-relevant traits both at embryonic and post-embryonic stages in oviparous lizards.

关键词： global warming phenotypic variation reproductive output Scincella modesta thermal environment

Reduced egg shell permeability affects embryonic development and hatchling traits in Lycodon rufozonatum and Pelodiscus sinensis

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第1期13卷 58-69页

作者： Wenqi TANG Bo ZHAO Ye CHEN weiguo du Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Hangzhou Key Laboratory for Animal Evolution and Adaptation College of Life and Environmental SciencesHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina

The response of embryos to unpredictable hypoxia is critical for successful embryonic development,yet there remain significant gaps in our understanding of such responses in reptiles with different types of egg *** experimentally generated external regional hypoxia by sealing either the upper half or bottom half of the surface area of eggs in 2 species of reptiles(snake[Lycodon rufozonatum]with parchment egg shell and Chinese softshelled turtle[Pelodiscus sinensis]with rigid egg shell),then monitored the growth pattern of the opaque white patch in turtle eggs(a membrane that attaches the embryo to the egg shell and plays an important role in gas exchange),the embryonic heart rate,the developmental rate and the hatchling traits in turtle and snake eggs in response to external regional *** snake embryos from the hypoxia treatments facultatively increased their heart rate during incubation,and turtle embryos from the upper-half hypoxia treatment enhanced their growth of the opaque white ***,the incubation period and hatching success of embryos were not affected by the hypoxia treatment in these 2 *** regional hypoxia significantly affected embryonic yolk utilization and offspring size in the snake and *** to sham controls,embryos from the upper-half hypoxia treatment used less energy from yolk and,therefore,developed into smaller hatchlings,but embryos from the bottom-half hypoxia treatment did not.

关键词： egg shell embryonic metabolism hatchling heart rate hypoxia reptile