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Strong light–matter interactions based on excitons and the abnormal all-dielectric anapole mode with both large field enhancement and low loss

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Photonics Research 2024年第4期12卷 854-864页

作者： YAN-HUI DENG YU-wei LU HOU-jiao ZHANG ZHONG-HONG SHI ZHANG-KAI zhou XUE-HUA WANG State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies School of PhysicsSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Quantum Science Center of Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area(Guangdong) Shenzhen 518045China

The room temperature strong coupling between the photonic modes of micro/nanocavities and quantum emitters(QEs) can bring about promising advantages for fundamental and applied physics.Improving the electric fields(EFs) by using plasmonic modes and reducing their losses by applying dielectric nanocavities are widely employed approaches to achieve room temperature strong coupling.However,ideal photonic modes with both large EFs and low loss have been lacking.Herein,we propose the abnormal anapole mode (AAM),showing both a strong EF enhancement of~70-fold (comparable to plasmonic modes) and a low loss of 34 meV,which is much smaller than previous records of isolated all-dielectric nanocavities.Besides realizing strong coupling,we further show that by replacing the normal anapole mode with the AAM,the lasing threshold of the AAM-coupled QEs can be reduced by one order of magnitude,implying a vital step toward on-chip integration of nanophotonic devices.

关键词： dielectric mode coupling

Parametric Optimization of Wheel Spoke Structure for Drag Reduction of an Ahmed Body

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第4期139卷 955-975页

作者： Huihui Zhai Dongqi jiao Haichao zhou Institute of Electrical and Information Engineering Zhenjiang CollegeZhenjiang212028China School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212013China

The wheels have a considerable influence on the aerodynamic properties and can contribute up to 25%of the total drag on modern vehicles.In this study,the effect of the wheel spoke structure on the aerodynamic performance of the isolated wheel is investigated.Subsequently,the 35°Ahmed body with an optimized spoke structure is used to analyze the flow behavior and the mechanism of drag reduction.The Fluent software is employed for this investigation,with an inlet velocity of 40 m/s.The accuracy of the numerical study is validated by comparing it with experimental results obtained from the classical Ahmed model.To gain a clearer understanding of the effects of the wheel spoke parameters on the aerodynamics of both the wheel and Ahmedmodel,and five design variables are proposed:the fillet angleα,the inside arc radius R1,the outside radius R2,and the same length of the chord L1 and L2.These variables characterize the wheel spoke structure.The Optimal Latin Hypercube designmethod is utilized to conduct the experimental design.Based on the simulation results of various wheel spoke designs,the Kriging model and the adaptive simulated annealing algorithm is selected to optimize the design parameters.The objective is to achieve the best combination for maximum drag reduction.It is indicated that the optimized spoke structure resulted in amaximum drag reduction of 5.7%and 4.7%for the drag coefficient of the isolated wheel and Ahmed body,respectively.The drag reduction is primarily attributed to changes in the flow state around the wheel,which suppressed separation bubbles.Additionally,it influenced the boundary layer thickness around the car body and reduced the turbulent kinetic energy in the wake flow.These effects collectively contributed to the observed drag reduction.

关键词： Ahmed body wheel spoke design parameter optimization drag reduction numerical simulation

Parametric formation control of multiple nanosatellites for cooperative observation of China Space Station

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Astrodynamics 2024年第1期8卷 77-95页

作者： Hao zhou Bohan jiao Zhaohui Dang Jianping Yuan School of Astronautics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China National Key Laboratory of Aerospace Flight Dynamics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China

This study proposes a parametric formation control method for the cooperative observation of the China Space Station(CSS)using multiple nanosatellites.First,a simplified geometrical model of the CSS is constructed using fundamental solids,such as the capsule body and cuboid.Second,the spacecraft formation configuration for the observation mission is characterized by a three-dimensional(3D)Lissajous curve using related design parameters under the full-coverage observation requirements of specific parts,such as the CSS connecting section and collision avoidance constraints.Third,a double-layer control law is designed for each nanosatellite,in which the upper layer is a distributed observer for recognizing the target formation configuration parameters,and the lower layer is a trajectory-tracking controller to make the nanosatellite converge to its temporary target position calculated from the upper layer’s outputs.The closed-loop control stability is proven under the condition that the communication network topology of the nanosatellite cluster contains a directed spanning tree.Finally,the control method is verified by numerical simulation,where the CSS connecting section is selected as the observation target,and ten small nanosatellites are assumed to perform the cooperative observation mission.The simulation results demonstrate that the double-layer control law is robust to single-point communication failures and suitable for the accompanying missions of large space objects with multiple nanosatellites.

关键词： China Space Station(CSS) cooperative observation parametric formation 3D Lissajous curve double-layer system

Core-shell mesoporous carbon hollow spheres as Se hosts for advanced Al-Se batteries

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第5期31卷 899-906页

作者： Haiping Lei Tianwei wei Jiguo Tu Shuqiang jiao State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

Incorporating a selenium(Se)positive electrode into aluminum(Al)-ion batteries is an effective strategy for improving the overall battery performance.However,the cycling stability of Se positive electrodes has challenges due to the dissolution of intermediate reaction products.In this work,we aim to harness the advantages of Se while reducing its limitations by preparing a core-shell mesoporous carbon hollow sphere with a titanium nitride(C@TiN)host to load 63.9wt%Se as the positive electrode material for Al-Se batteries.Using the physical and chemical confinement offered by the hollow mesoporous carbon and TiN,the obtained core-shell mesoporous carbon hollow spheres coated with Se(Se@C@TiN)display superior utilization of the active material and remarkable cycling stability.As a result,Al-Se batteries equipped with the as-prepared Se@C@TiN composite positive electrodes show an initial discharge specific capacity of 377 mAh·g^(-1)at a current density of 1000 mA·g^(-1)while maintaining a discharge specific capacity of 86.0 mAh·g^(-1)over 200 cycles.This improved cycling performance is ascribed to the high electrical conductivity of the core-shell mesoporous carbon hollow spheres and the unique three-dimensional hierarchical architecture of Se@C@TiN.

关键词： aluminum-selenium batteries intermediate products core-shell mesoporous carbon hollow sphere cycling performance

Energy budget of cold and hot gas-solid fluidized beds through CFD-DEM simulations

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Particuology 2024年第6期89卷 153-171页

作者： Lei Bi Yunpeng jiao Chunjiang Liu Jianhua Chen wei Ge School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Direct energy budget is carried out for both cold and hot flow in gas–solid fluidization systems.First,the energy paths are proposed from thermodynamic viewpoints.Energy consumption means total power input to the specific system,and it can be decomposed into energy retention and energy dissipation.Energy retention is the variation of accumulated mechanical energy in the system,and energy dissipation is the energy converted to heat by irreversible processes.Then based on the Computational Fluid Dynamics-Discrete Element Method(CFD-DEM)framework,different energy terms are quantified from the specific flow elements of fluid cells and particles as well as their interactions with the wall.In order to clarify the energy budget,it is important to identify which system is studied:the particle-fluid system or the particle sub-system.For the cold flow,the total energy consumption of the particle sub-system can well indicate the onset of bubbling and turbulent,while the variation of local energy consumption terms can reflect the evolution of heterogeneous structures.For the hot flow,different heat transfer mechanisms are analyzed and the solver is modified to reproduce the experimental results.The impact of the heat transfer mechanisms and heat production on energy consumption is also investigated.The proposed budget method has proven to be energy-conservative and easy to conduct,and it is hopeful to be applied to other multiphase flow systems.

关键词： Energy budget Gas-solid fluidization CFD-DEM Regime transition Heat transfer mechanism

On-surface synthesis and characterization of polyynic carbon chains

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 192-199页

作者： Wenze Gao wei Zheng Luye Sun Faming Kang Zheng zhou wei Xu Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji University

Carbyne, an elusive sp-hybridized linear carbon allotrope, has fascinated chemists and physicists for decades. Due to its high chemical reactivity and extreme instability, carbyne was much less explored in contrast to the sp2-hybridized carbon allotropes such as graphene. Herein, we report the on-surface synthesis of polyynic carbon chains by demetallization of organometallic polyynes on the Au（111） surface;the longest one observed consists of ～60 alkyne units（120 carbon atoms）. The polyynic structure of carbon chains with alternating triple and single bonds was unambiguously revealed by bond-resolved atomic force microscopy. Moreover, an atomically precise polyyne, C14, was successfully produced via tip-induced dehalogenation and ring-opening of the decachloroanthracene molecule(C14Cl10) on a bilayer NaCl/Au（111） surface at 4.7 K, and a band gap of 5.8 eV was measured by scanning tunnelling spectroscopy,in a good agreement with the theoretical HOMO–LUMO gap（5.48 eV）.

关键词： polyyne scanning probe microscopy carbon allotrope on-surface synthesis organometallic polyyne

Lipid metabolism analysis in esophageal cancer and associated drug discovery

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第1期14卷 1-15页

作者： Ruidi jiao wei Jiang Kunpeng Xu Qian Luo Luhua Wang Chao Zhao Bionic Sensing and Intelligence Center Institute of Biomedical and Health EngineeringShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong518000China Department of Radiation Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital&Shenzhen HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeShenzhenGuangdong518116China School of Medicine Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdong518000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Depression Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong518000China

Esophageal cancer is an upper gastrointestinal malignancy with a bleak prognosis.It is still being explored in depth due to its complex molecular mechanisms of occurrence and development.Lipids play a crucial role in cells by participating in energy supply,biofilm formation,and signal transduction processes,and lipid metabolic reprogramming also constitutes a significant characteristic of malignant tumors.More and more studies have found esophageal cancer has obvious lipid metabolism abnormalities throughout its beginning,progress,and treatment resistance.The inhibition of tumor growth and the enhancement of antitumor therapy efficacy can be achieved through the regulation of lipid metabolism.Therefore,we reviewed and analyzed the research results and latest findings for lipid metabolism and associated analysis techniques in esophageal cancer,and comprehensively proved the value of lipid metabolic reprogramming in the evolution and treatment resistance of esophageal cancer,as well as its significance in exploring potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers.

关键词： Lipid metabolism Esophageal cancer Progression Treatment resistance New therapeutic targets

Plant regeneration in the new era:from molecular mechanisms to biotechnology applications

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 1338-1367页

作者： Chunli Chen Yuxin Hu Momoko Ikeuchi Yuling jiao Kalika Prasad Ying Hua Su Jun Xiao Lin Xu weibing Yang Zhong Zhao Wenkun zhou Yun zhou Jian Gao Jia-wei Wang National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation&Utilization of Horticultural Crops Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)China National Botanical GardenBeijing 100093China Division of Biological Sciences Graduate School of Science and TechnologyNara Institute of Science and TechnologyNara 630-0192Japan State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research School of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Center for Quantitative BiologyAcademy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune 411008IndiaThiruvananthapuram 695551India State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an 271018China Sino-German Joint Research Center on Agricultural Biology Shandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an 271018China Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB)CASBeijing 100101China CAS-JIC Centre of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Science(CEPAMS) IGDBCASBeijing 100101China National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics CEMPSInstitute of Plant Physiology and Ecology(SIPPE)CASShanghai 200032China CEPAMS SIPPECASShanghai 200032China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CEMPSSchool of Life SciencesDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Department of Botany and Plant Pathology and Center for Plant Biology Purdue UniversityWest Lafayette 47907USA School of Life Science and Technology Shang

Plants or tissues can be regenerated through various pathways.Like animal regeneration,cell totipotency and pluripotency are the molecular basis of plant regeneration.Detailed systematic studies on Arabidopsis thaliana gradually unravel the fundamental mechanisms and principles underlying plant regeneration.Specifically,plant hormones,cell division,epigenetic remodeling,and transcription factors play crucial roles in reprogramming somatic cells and reestablishing meristematic cells.Recent research on basal non-vascular plants and monocot crops has revealed that plant regeneration differs among species,with various plant species using distinct mechanisms and displaying significant differences in regenerative capacity.Conducting multi-omics studies at the single-cell level,tracking plant regeneration processes in real-time,and deciphering the natural variation in regenerative capacity will ultimately help understand the essence of plant regeneration,improve crop regeneration efficiency,and contribute to future crop design.

关键词： apical meristem model species regeneration phytohormone plant cell reprogramming somatic embryogenesis

Phase field modeling of ferroelastic variant switching in yttria-stabilized t'zirconia with strain gradient elasticity and interface tension

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1443-1457页

作者： zhou QianQian wei YueGuang zhou YiChun YANG Li College of Engineering BIC-ESATPeking UniversityBeijing100871China School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology Xidian UniversityXi’an710126China Frontier Research Center of Thin Films and Coatings for Device Applications Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary ResearchXidian UniversityXi’an710126China

The 6–8 wt%yttria-stabilized zirconia with a tetragonal structure(t’-YSZ)is extensively employed in thermal barrier coatings.The exceptional fracture toughness of t’-YSZ can be attributed to its distinctive ferroelastic toughening mechanism.Microstructure and interface tension play a critical role in ferroelastic variant switching at the micro-and nano-scale.This paper presents an original thermodynamically consistent phase field(PF)theory for analyzing ferroelastic variant switching at the micro-and nano-scale of t’-YSZ.The theory incorporates strain gradient elasticity using higher-order elastic energy and interface tension tensor via geometric nonlinearity to represent biaxial tension resulting from interface energy.Subsequently,a mixed-type formulation is employed to implement the higher-order theory through the finite element method.For an interface in equilibrium,the effects of strain gradient elasticity result in a more uniform distribution of stresses,whereas the presence of interface tension tensor significantly amplifies the stress magnitude at the interface.The introduction of an interface tension tensor increases the maximum value of stress at the interface by a factor of 4 to 10.The nucleation and evolution of variants at a pre-existing crack tip in a mono-phase t’-YSZ have also been studied.The strain gradient elasticity is capable of capturing the size effect of ferroelastic variant switching associated with microstructures in experiments.Specifically,when the grain size approaches that of the specimen,the critical load required for variant switching at the crack tip increases,resulting in greater dissipation of elastic energy during ferroelastic variant switching.Moreover,the interface tension accelerates the evolution of variants.The presented framework exhibits significant potential in modeling ferroelastic variant switching at the micro-and nano-scale.

关键词： thermodynamics strain gradient elasticity interface tension phase field method ferroelastic variant switching