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NFAT2 is implicated in corticosterone-induced rat Leydig cell apoptosis

Asian Journal of Andrology 2007年第5期9卷 623-633页

作者： wei-ran chai Qian Wang Hui-Bao Gao Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200025China

Aim： To investigate the activation of the nuclear factor of activated T cells （NFAT） and its function in the corticosterone （CORT）-induced apoptosis of rat Leydig cells. Methods： NFAT in rat Leydig cells was detected by Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. Cyclosporin A （CsA） was used to evaluate potential involvement of NFAT in the CORT-induced apoptosis of Leydig cells. Intracellular Ca^2＋ was monitored in CORT-treated Leydig cells using Fluo-3/AM. After the Leydig cells were incubated with either CORT or CORT plus CsA for 12 h, the levels of NFAT2 in the nuclei and in the cytoplasm were measured by semi-quantitative Western blotting. The role of NFAT2 in CORT- induced Leydig cell apoptosis was further evaluated by observing the effects of NFAT2 overexpression and the inhibition of NFAT2 activation by CsA on FasL expression and apoptosis. Results： We found that NFAT2 was the predominant isoform in Leydig cells. CsA blocked the CORT-induced apoptosis of the Leydig cells. The intracellular Ca^2＋ level in the Leydig cells was significantly increased after the CORT treatment. The CORT increased the level of NFAT2 in the nuclei and decreased its level in the cytoplasm. CsA blocked the CORT-induced nuclear translocation of NFAT2 in the Leydig cells. Both CORT-induced apoptosis and FasL expression in the rat Leydig cells were enhanced by the overexpression of NFAT2 and antagonized by CsA. Conclusion： NFAT2 was activated in CORT-induced Leydig cell apoptosis. The effects of NFAT2 overexpression and the inhibition of NFAT2 activation suggest that NFAT2 may potentially play a pro-apoptotic role in CORT-induced Leydig cell apoptosis through the up-regulation of FasL.

关键词： nuclear factor of activated T cells corticosterone Leydig cell apoptosis

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Combo Packet:An Encryption Traffic Classification Method Based on Contextual Information

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 1223-1243页

作者： Yuancong chai Yuefei Zhu wei Lin Ding Li State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Information Engineering UniversityZhengzhou450001China

With the increasing proportion of encrypted traffic in cyberspace, the classification of encrypted traffic has becomea core key technology in network supervision. In recent years, many different solutions have emerged in this *** methods identify and classify traffic by extracting spatiotemporal characteristics of data flows or byte-levelfeatures of packets. However, due to changes in data transmission mediums, such as fiber optics and satellites,temporal features can exhibit significant variations due to changes in communication links and transmissionquality. Additionally, partial spatial features can change due to reasons like data reordering and *** with these challenges, identifying encrypted traffic solely based on packet byte-level features is significantlydifficult. To address this, we propose a universal packet-level encrypted traffic identification method, ComboPacket. This method utilizes convolutional neural networks to extract deep features of the current packet andits contextual information and employs spatial and channel attention mechanisms to select and locate effectivefeatures. Experimental data shows that Combo Packet can effectively distinguish between encrypted traffic servicecategories (e.g., File Transfer Protocol, FTP, and Peer-to-Peer, P2P) and encrypted traffic application categories (e.g.,BitTorrent and Skype). Validated on the ISCX VPN-non VPN dataset, it achieves classification accuracies of 97.0%and 97.1% for service and application categories, respectively. It also provides shorter training times and higherrecognition speeds. The performance and recognition capabilities of Combo Packet are significantly superior tothe existing classification methods mentioned.

关键词： Encrypted traffic classification packet-level convolutional neural network attention mechanisms

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Spatial distribution of supra-permafrost groundwater in the Qinghai-Tibet Engineering Corridor using inversion models

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第1期15卷 31-41页

作者： Yu GAO Ming-Tang chai wei MA Yu-Tao GAO State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soils Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 73000China School of Engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China

Supra-permafrost groundwater(SPG)is a key factor that causes damage to highways and railways in the Qinghai-Tibet Engineering Corridor(QTEC).It is difficult to monitor SPG in the field due to their complex formation mechanisms and movement *** single-site field monitoring studies limit the spatial and temporal precision of SPG spatial *** determine the moisture content of shallow soils and the SPG distribution along the QTEC,this work employed the temperature vegetation dryness index and remote sensing models for groundwater table distribution *** accuracies of the models were validated using mea-surements obtained from different sites in the *** the permafrost zones of the QTEC,72%,22%and 6%of the SPG were located at depths of 0.5-1,1 m,***,79.4%of the area along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway(QTH)(Xidatan-Tanggula)section contained *** these sections with SPG,37.9%have an SPG table at depths of 0.5-0.8 *** study preliminarily explored the SPG distribution in the QTEC with a 30 m *** findings can help improve the spatial scale of SPG research,provide a basis for the analysis of the hydrothermal mechanisms,and serve as a guide in the assessment of operational risks and road structure designs.

关键词： Dryness index Landsat Soil moisture Groundwater level Qinghai-Tibet Engineering Corridor

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ZnSb/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene van der Waals heterojunction for flexible near-infrared photodetector arrays

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第5期45卷 99-105页

作者： Chuqiao Hu Ruiqing chai Zhongming wei La Li Guozhen Shen State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Two-dimension(2D)van der Waals heterojunction holds essential promise in achieving high-performance flexible near-infrared(NIR)***,we report the successful fabrication of ZnSb/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene based flexible NIR photodetector array via a facile photolithography *** single ZnSb/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)photodetector exhibited a high light-to-dark current ratio of 4.98,fast response/recovery time(2.5/1.3 s)and excellent stability due to the tight connection between 2D ZnSb nanoplates and 2D Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene nanoflakes,and the formed 2D van der Waals *** polyethylene terephthalate(PET)substrate enables the ZnSb/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)photodetector withstand bending such that stable photoelectrical properties with non-obvious change were maintained over 5000 bending ***,the ZnSb/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)photodetectors were integrated into a 26×5 device array,realizing a NIR image sensing application.

关键词： ZnSb nanoplates Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene van der Waals heterojunction flexible photodetector image sensing

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Modeling Near-Field Impulsive Waves Generated by Deformable Landslide Using the HBP Model Based on the SPH Method

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第2期23卷 328-344页

作者： WANG wei wei weicheng chai Bo XIA Hao WANG Yang DU Juan LIU Jizhixian School of Environmental Studies China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science Wuhan 430078China Faculty of Engineering China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Research Center for Geohazards Monitoring and Warning in Three Gorges Reservoir Wanzhou 404000China

Landslide-generated impulsive waves(LGWs)in reservoir areas can seriously threaten waterway safety as well as hu-man life and properties around the two side *** risk reduction and mitigation of such a hazard require the accurate prediction of near-field wave characteristics,such as wave amplitude and ***,near-field LGW involves complicated fluid-solid ***,the wave characteristics are closely related to various aspects,including the geometry and physical features of the slide,river,and body of ***,the empirical or analytical methods used for rough estimation cannot derive accurate results,especially for deformable landslides,due to their significant geometry changes during the sliding *** this study,the near-field waves generated by deformable landslides were simulated by smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)based on multi-phase *** deformable landslides were generalized as a kind of viscous flow by adopting the Herschel-Bulkley-Papanastasiou(HBP)-based nonNewtonian rheology *** HBP model is capable of producing deformable landslide dynamics even though the high-speed sliding process is *** this study,an idealized experiment case originating from Lituya LGW and a practical case of Gongjiafang LGW were reproduced for verification and *** simulation results of both cases show satisfactory consistency with the experiment/investigation data in terms of landslide movement and near-field impulsive wave characteristics,thus indicating the applicability and accuracy of the proposed ***,the effects of the HBP model’s rheological parameters on the landslide dynamics and near-field wave characteristics are discussed,providing a parameter calibration method along with sug-gestions for further applications.

关键词： deformable landslide impulsive waves near-field SPH nonNewtonian fluids

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An in-situ polymerized interphase engineering for high-voltage allsolid- state lithium-metal batteries

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2687-2692页

作者： Lu Nie Shaojie Chen Mengtian Zhang Tianyi Gao Yuyao Zhang ran wei Yining Zhang wei Liu School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute&Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China

All-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs)have attracted great interest due to their promising energy density and strong ***,the interface issues,including large interfacial resistance between electrode and electrolyte and low electrochemical stability of solid-state electrolytes against high-voltage cathodes,have restricted the development of high-voltage ***,we report an ASSLB with stable cycling by adopting a conformal polymer interlayer in-situ formed at the Li_(6.4)La_(3)Zr_(1.4)Ta_(0.6)O_(12)(LLZTO)–cathode *** polymer can perfectlyﬁll the voids and create a stable interface contact between LLZTO and *** addition,the electric field across the polymer interlayer is reduced compared with pure solid polymer electrolyte(SPE),which facilitates the electrochemical stability with high-voltage *** all-solid-state Li|LLZTO-SPE|LiFe_(0.4)Mn_(0.6)PO_(4)(LMFP)cells achieve a low interface impedance,high specific capacity,and excellent cycling *** work presents an effective and practical strategy to rationally design the electrode–electrolyte interface for the application of high-voltage ASSLBs.

关键词： all-solid-state lithium batteries interface contact electric field electrochemical stability

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Viral-mediated gene therapy in pediatric neurological disorders

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第6期20卷 533-555页

作者： Jing Peng wei-wei Zou Xiao-Lei Wang Zhi-Guo Zhang ran Huo Li Yang Department of Pediatrics Clinical Research Center for Chidren Neurodevelopmental disablities of Hunan ProvinceXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410008China Reproductive Medicine Center Department of Obstetrics and Gynecologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina

Background Due to the broad application of next-generation sequencing,the molecular diagnosis of genetic disorders in pediatric neurology is no longer an unachievable ***,treatments for neurological genetic disorders in children remain primarily *** the other hand,with the continuous evolution of therapeutic viral vectors,gene therapy is becoming a clinical *** this perspective,we wrote this review to illustrate the current state regarding viral-mediated gene therapy in childhood neurological *** sources We searched databases,including PubMed and Google Scholar,using the keywords"adenovirus vector,""lentivirus vector,"and"AAv"for gene therapy,and"immunoreaction induced by gene therapy vectors,""administration routes of gene therapy vectors,"and"gene therapy"with"NCL,""SMA,""DMD,""congenital myopathy,""MPS""leukodystrophy,"or"pediatric metabolic disorders".We also screened the database of *** using the keywords"gene therapy for children"and then filtered the results with the ones aimed at neurological *** time range of the search procedure was from the inception of the databases to the *** We presented the characteristics of commonly used viral vectors for gene therapy for pediatric neurological disorders and summarized their merits and drawbacks,the administration routes of each vector,the research progress,and the clinical application status of viral-mediated gene therapy on pediatric neurological *** Viral-mediated gene therapy is on the brink of broad clinical ***-mediated gene therapy will dramatically change the treatment pattern of childhood neurological disorders,and many children with incurable diseases will meet the dawn of a ***,the vectors must be optimized for better safety and efficacy.

关键词： Gene therapy Neurological disorders Pediatrics Viral vectors

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Robust, breathable, and chemical-resistant polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) films achieved by novel in-situ fibrillation strategy for highperformance triboelectric nanogenerators

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1942-1951页

作者： Jialong chai Guilong Wang Jinchuan Zhao Guizhen Wang Chao wei Aimin Zhang Guoqun Zhao Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials(Ministry of Education) Shandong UniversityJinan 250061China Key Laboratory of Chinese Education Ministry for Tropical Biological Resources Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China

In the era of advanced wearable electronic devices,the triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)as energy harvesting and self-powered sensing units hold great *** appropriate triboelectric material is the crucial factor to optimize the performance of TENG,while polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)stands out as a highly versatile option among the various *** this study,we present an ultrafine nanofibrous PTFE(NF-PTFE)films prepared by novel in-situ fibrillation strategy as the triboelectric material in TENG *** innovative processing methodology facilely addresses the dilemma between high porosity and fine pore size of traditional porous PTFE films,meanwhile achieves exceptional mechanical strength,hydrophobicity,air permeability,and chemical resistance of the *** the integration of nanofibrous PTFE films into contact-separation mode TENG and droplet-based TENG,these devices realize the peak electrical output of 131 V/10.8μA and 54 V/14μA with great durability,which surpass the performance of TENGs using traditional expanded PTFE ***,a smart glove capable of recognizing hand gestures is proposed,which demonstrates the versatility,flexibility,and practicality of this material for potential use in smart *** reported NF-PTFE film provides insights for the design of high-performance TENG device for advanced wearable electrical applications.

关键词： polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) nanofibrous film hydrophobic triboelectric nanogenerator self-powered sensor

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Diet and monensin influence the temporal dynamics of the rumen microbiome in stocker and finishing cattle

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 733-748页

作者： Jianmin chai Caleb P.weiss Paul A.Beck wei Zhao Ying Li Jiangchao Zhao Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding College of Life Science and EngineeringFoshan UniversityFoshanChina Division of Agriculture Department of Animal ScienceUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleARUSA Department of Animal and Food Sciences Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOKUSA Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100193China

Background Stocker cattle diet and management influence beef cattle performance during the finishing stage,but knowledge of the dynamics of the rumen microbiome associated with the host are lacking.A longitudinal study was conducted to determine how the feeding strategy from the stocker to the finishing stages of production affects the temporal dynamics of rumen *** the stocker phase,either dry hay or wheat pasture were provided,and three levels of monensin were *** calves were then transported to a feedlot and received similar finishing diets with or without *** microbial samples were collected on d 0,28,85 during the stocker stage(S0,S28 and S85)and d 0,14,28,56,30 d before slaughter and the end of the trial during the finishing stage(F0,F14,F28,F56,Pre-Ba,and Final).The V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene of 263 rumen samples was *** Higher alpha diversity,including the number of observed bacterial features and the Shannon index,was observed in the stocker phase compared to the finishing *** bacterial amplicon sequence variants(ASVs)differentiating different sampling time points were *** treatments during the stocker stage temporally impact the dynamics of rumen *** example,shared bacteria,including Bacteroidales(ASV19)and Streptococcus infantarius(ASV94),were significantly higher in hay rumen on S28,S85,and F0,while Bacteroidaceae(ASV11)and Limivicinus(ASV15)were more abundant in *** affected rumen microbial composition at a specific *** to feedlot significantly influenced microbiome structure and diversity in hay-fed *** taxa associated with body weight were classified,and core microbiotas interacted with each other during the *** In summary,the temporal dynamics of the rumen microbiome in cattle at the stocker and finishing stage are influenced by multiple factors of the feeding *** at the stocker phase may t

关键词： Beef cattle Diet Feedlot phase Monensin Next-generation sequencing Rumen microbiota Stocker

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Comparative analyses of mitogenomes in the social bees with insights into evolution of long inverted repeats in the Meliponini

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Zoological Research 2024年第1期45卷 160-175页

作者： Yu-ran Li Zheng-wei Wang Richard T.Corlett Wen-Bin Yu Yunnan Key Laboratory for the Conservation of Tropical Rainforests and Asian Elephants&Center for Integrative Conservation Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnan 666303China CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnan 666303China Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnan 666303China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shijingshan DistrictBeijing 100049China

The insect mitogenome is typically a compact circular molecule with highly conserved gene ***,mitogenome structural variations have been reported in specific taxa,and gene rearrangements,usually the tRNAs,occur in different *** synapomorphies of mitogenome organizations can provide information for phylogenetic inferences,comparative analyses of mitogenomes have been given increasing ***,most studies use a very few species to represent the whole genus,tribe,family,or even order,overlooking potential variations at lower taxonomic levels,which might lead to some incorrect *** provide new insights into mitogenome organizations and their implications for phylogenetic inference,this study conducted comparative analyses for mitogenomes of three social bee tribes(Meliponini,Bombini,and Apini)based on the phylogenetic framework with denser taxonomic sampling at the species and population *** analyses revealed that mitogenomes of Apini and Bombini are the typical type,while those of Meliponini show diverse variations in mitogenome sizes and *** inverted repeats(IRs)cause significant gene rearrangements of protein coding genes(PCGs)and rRNAs in Indo-Malay/Australian stingless bee *** evolution analyses showed that the lineage with IRs have lower dN/dS ratios for PCGs than lineages without IRs,indicating potential effects of IRs on the evolution of mitochondrial *** finding of IRs and different patterns of gene rearrangements suggested that Meliponini is a hotspot in mitogenome *** conserved PCGs and rRNAs whose rearrangements were found only in the mentioned lineages within Meliponini,tRNA rearrangements are common across all three tribes of social bees,and are significant even at the species level,indicating that comprehensive sampling is needed to fully understand the patterns of tRNA rearrangements,and their implications for phylogenetic inference.

关键词： Social bees Phylogeny Mitogenome structure Gene rearrangement Inverted repeats

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