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Perceptions of Generic Drugs in the Pharmacists of Public Hospitals:A Cross-sectional Survey in Hubei Province of China

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Current Medical Science 2021年第5期41卷 987-995页

作者： wei-jie li Mei-jun XIA Shi-wei GONG Yu-feng DING Department of Pharmacy Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China Department of Pharmacy Business and Administration School of PharmacyTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China

Objective:Generic drugs provide an opportunity for savings in drug expenditure since they are available at a lower cost and do not affect patients’health.A better understanding of pharmacists’knowledge,attitudes,and perception can promote the quality use of generic *** objective of this study was to investigate the knowledge,attitudes,and perception of pharmacists from tertiary hospitals in China regarding generic ***:A cross-sectional survey using a postal questionnaire was conducted,which was sent to 200 hospital pharmacists randomly selected from tertiary hospitals in Hubei Province.A total of 125 questionnaires out of 200 were *** the respondents,80 were female and 45 were ***:The majority of respondents(87.2%)could clearly distinguish between original and generic *** agreed that generic drugs were less effective(52.8%)and produced more side effects(52%).Forty-nine respondents thought that generic drug products were not adequately *** 78% and 60% of the pharmacists indicated that generic substitution was not feasible for drugs with narrow therapeutic windows and drugs for critical diseases,*** of them supported the recommendation of generic drugs based on professional ***:Our study showed that a considerable portion of Chinese hospital pharmacists hold negative perceptions of generic *** to improve pharmacists'knowledge of generic drugs are needed.

关键词： generic drugs substitution pharmacist perceptions

Fabrication of nanoreactors based on polyoxoperoxometalates and enhancement of their catalytic activity

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2011年第7期22卷 875-878页

作者： Mei jie wei Chun li Zhang Cong liang Sun Ang li Xiao Hong Wang Key Lab of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China

The nanoreactors were fabricated by reacting amphiphilic quaternary ammoniums and polyoxoperoxometalates Kn[PW12-xTix. O40-x（O2）x] （x = 1, 2 and 3; n =5, 7 and 9）（K5[PW11TiO39（O2）], KT[PWloTi2038（O2）2] and K9[PW9Ti3O37（O2）3]）. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM） were used to characterize the resulting samples. This kind of nanocatalysts could promote NH4SCN＇ degradation into simple inorganic compounds such as SO4^2-, HCO3^- and NO3^- only using oxygen as an oxidant under room conditions.

关键词： Catalytic wet air oxidation Thiocyanate Polyoxometalate Nanocatalysts

Availability and Affordability of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies After the New Medical Reform in Hubei Province,China

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Current Medical Science 2022年第6期42卷 1325-1333页

作者： Yu-feng DING Jin-wen ZHANG Mei-jun XIA Guang-jie WU wei-jie li Da FENG Shi-wei GONG Department of Pharmacy Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China Department of Pharmacy Business and Administration School of PharmacyTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China

Objective In 2017,China launched a new round of medical reform(NMR)to address the inaccessibility of high-priced drugs for patients with serious *** study explored the impact of the NMR on the accessibility and affordability of high-priced monoclonal antibodies(mAbs),and the effective promotion policies after the *** We used a standard method developed by the World Health Organization to conduct two surveys on the availability of mAbs and their prices before and after the NMR in the public hospitals in Hubei province,*** interviewing hospital pharmacy experts,we identified the potential value of the current NMR in improving the access to therapeutic *** The average availability of 13 mAbs increased by 8.1%in the surveyed hospitals of Hubei province after the *** median unit price of 10 mAbs dropped by 34.3%.The average affordability of a treatment cycle of 10 mAbs dropped from 680 days to 298 days of the disposable daily income for a middle-income resident(56.2%reduction).The drug price negotiation of medical insurance inclusion and the promotion of consistent evaluation of generic and original drugs could effectively promote the accessibility of ***,the zero markup of drug pricing and the limit on the proportion of drug revenues in public hospitals showed certain negative effects on the availability of *** Not all current NMR policies play a positive role in promoting the accessibility of *** further improve the accessibility of mAbs in the future in China,it is therefore critical to increase the investment in independent research and development of high-quality mAbs,establish localized guidelines for the rational use of mAbs in clinical practice,and have a cost-sharing mechanism for high-priced drugs with multiple stakeholders.

关键词： availability affordability monoclonal antibody new medical reform Hubei province China

Tuning single-phase medium-entropy oxides derived from nanoporous NiCuCoMn alloy as a highly stable anode for li-ion batteries

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稀有金属:英文版 2023年第9期42卷 2982-2992页

作者： Zhen-Yang Yu Qi Sun Hao li Zhi-Jun Qiao wei-jie li Shu-Lei Chou Zhi-Jia Zhang Yong Jiang School of Mechanical Engineering Tiangong UniversityTianjin300387China State Key Laboratory for Powder Metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha410083China School of Material Science and Engineering Tiangong UniversityTianjin300387China School of Electronic and Information Engineering Institute of Quantum Materials and DevicesTiangong UniversityTianjin300387China

Incorporating four cations into a single-phase oxide is beneficial for maintaining structural stability during li+insertion/desertion because of the produced entropy-dominated phase stabilization effects. However,medium-entropy oxides exhibit inherently poor electron and ion conductivity. As such, in this work, a single-phase medium-entropy oxide of Ni_(x)Cu_(y)CozMn_(1-x-y-z)O(named as NCCM@oxides(H_(2))) is prepared by modified-NiCuCoMn alloy through the epitaxial-growing-based self-combustion and hydrogen reduction. During hydrogen reduction, some Cu ions are reduced to elemental Cu(defined as Cu^(0)),which is distributed among the metal oxides, while generating extensive oxygen vacancies around Cu. The synergetic effect between nanoporous metal-core oxide-shell structure and enriched oxygen/Cu^(0) vacancies greatly enhances the electronic/ionic conductivity. In addition, the lattice of single-phase quaternary metal oxides has the configuration entropy stability, which enables the rock-salt structure to remain stable during repeated conversion reactions. Benefiting from the above-mentioned merits, the anodeforli-ionbatterieswithentropy-stabled NCCM@oxides(H_(2)) composite shows a high specific capacity of 699 mAh·g^(-1) at 0.1 A·g^(-1) and ultra-stable cycling stability, which maintains 618 and 489 mAh·g^(-1) at 0.1 and 1.0 A·g^(-1) after 200 cycles, respectively. This is the first use of this novel and simple strategy for modifying medium-entropy oxides, which paves the way for the development of high-entropy oxides as high-performance electrodes.

关键词： NiCuCoMn alloy Medium-entropy oxides li-ion batteries Ultrahigh stability Mechanism

Development of Biomimetic Needle-like Apatite Nanocrystals by a Simple New Method

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2004年第6期20卷 665-667页

作者： jie wei, Yubao li, Yi ZUO, Xueling PENG and li ZHANGResearch Center for Nano-Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China Res. Ctr. for Nano-Biomaterials Sichuan Univ. Chengdu 610064 China

A new method of calcium nitrate and sodium phosphate as reactants was employed to prepare biomimetic apatite nanocrystals by a simple heating treatment in water. The structure and properties of the apatite crystals were investigated by TEM, XRD, IR, ICP and TG. It is found that the apatite nanocrystals contain OH-, CO32-, Na+ and HPO42- ions in their crystal structure. The crystal water is removed during heating from 200℃ to 400℃. CO32-and HPO42- are decomposed at 600℃ to 800℃, also there is lattice vvater lost at this temperature stage. The morphology of the apatite nanocrystals is needle-like with a length less than 80 nm. The size and crystallinity of the apatite nanocrystals increase with vvater treatment temperature and time. Compared to the apatite crystals sintered at 800℃, water treated apatite nanocrystals are poorly crystallized apatite. The results indicate that the apatite nanocrystals have similarity in composition, structure, morphology and crystallinity to that of bone apatite crystals. It can be used to make apatite crystals/polymer biomimetic bone repair materials or for other biomedicai applications.

关键词： Biomimetic Apatite Nanocrystals Biomedical applications

Effects of carbon on electrochemical performance of red phosphorus(P) and carbon composite as anode for sodium ion batteries

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第9期68卷 140-146页

作者： Zhi-Jia Zhang wei-jie li Shu-Lei Chou Chao Han Hua-Kun liu Shi-Xue Dou State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Processes.Tianjin Municipal Key Laboratory of Advanced Fibers and Energy Storage School of Materials Science and EngineeringTiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials University of WollongongWollongongNSW2522Australia School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of Technology Sydney.SydneyNSW2007Australia

Red phosphorus/graphite(P/G) and red phosphorus/carbon nanotube(P/CNT) composites were prepared by ball milling red phosphorus with CNTs and graphite, respectively. The electrochemical results show superior electrochemical performances of the P/G and P/CNT composites compared with that of the reference sample milled with Super-P carbon. After 70 cycles, the P/G and P/CNT composites remained771.6 and 431.7 mA h g^(-1), with 68 % and 50 % capacity retention, respectively. With increasing the milling time(20 h), CNTs were cut into short pieces and then broken into carbon rings and sheets which were well mixed with red phosphorus. The morphology of the P/CNT composite can buffer the large volume changes from alloying and de-alloying during cycling, resulting in the enhanced cycling stability.

关键词： Carbon coating Red phosphorus Anode materials Sodium ion batteries

Oxidation behavior and mechanism of porous nickel-based alloy between 850 and 1000 °C

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2017年第7期27卷 1558-1568页

作者： Yan WANG Yong liU Hui-ping TANG wei-jie li Chao HAN School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Central South University Changsha 410083 China State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South University Changsha 410083 China State Key Laboratory of Porous Metals Materials Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research Xi’an 710016 China Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia

The oxidation behavior and mechanism of a porous Ni?Cr?Al?Fe alloy in the temperature range from850to1000°Cwere investigated by optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS),X-raydiffraction(XRD)analyses and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The results show that the oxidation kinetics at950and1000°C of this porous alloy is pseudo-parabolic *** layers composed of external Cr2O3/NiCr2O4and internalα-Al2O3areformed on the surface of the oxidized porous alloys.γ?phases favor the formation of NiO/Cr2O3/NiCr2O4during the initial *** fast diffusion paths contribute to the development of the oxide *** decrease of the open porosity and the permeabilitywith exposure time extending and temperature increasing can be controlled within a certain range.

关键词： porous alloy high temperature oxidation kinetics oxide layer diffusion

Optimal Strategy for Aircraft Pursuit-evasion Games via Self-play Iteration

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第3期21卷 585-596页

作者： Xin Wang Qing-Lai wei Tao li jie Zhang State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Institute of Systems Engineering Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao999078China

In this paper,the pursuit-evasion game with state and control constraints is solved to achieve the Nash equilibrium of both the pursuer and the evader with an iterative self-play *** the condition where the Hamiltonian formed by means of Pontryagin’s maximum principle has the unique solution,it can be proven that the iterative control law converges to the Nash equilibrium ***,the strong nonlinearity of the ordinary differential equations formulated by Pontryagin’s maximum principle makes the control policy difficult to figured *** the system dynamics employed in this manuscript contains a high dimensional state vector with *** practical applications,such as the control of aircraft,the provided overload is ***,in this paper,we consider the optimal strategy of pursuit-evasion games with constant constraint on the control,while some state vectors are restricted by the function of the *** address the challenges,the optimal control problems are transformed into nonlinear programming problems through the direct collocation ***,two numerical cases of the aircraft pursuit-evasion scenario are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented method to obtain the optimal control of both the pursuer and the evader.

关键词： Differential games pursuit-evasion games nonlinear control optimal control Nash equilibrium solution

A reweighted damped singular spectrum analysis method for robust seismic noise suppression

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1671-1682页

作者： wei-lin Huang Yan-Xin Zhou Yang Zhou wei-jie liu Ji-Dong li State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing2249China SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute Beijing102206China SINOPEC Geophysical Research Institute Nanjing211103jiangsuChina

(Multichannel)Singular spectrum analysis is considered as one of the most effective methods for seismic incoherent noise *** utilizes the low-rank feature of seismic signal and regards the noise suppression as a low-rank reconstruction ***,in some cases the seismic geophones receive some erratic disturbances and the amplitudes are dramatically larger than other *** presence of this kind of noise,called erratic noise,makes singular spectrum analysis(SSA)reconstruction unstable and has undesirable effects on the final *** robustify the low-rank reconstruction of seismic data by a reweighted damped SSA(RD-SSA)*** incorporates the damped SSA,an improved version of SSA,into a reweighted *** damping operator is used to weaken the artificial disturbance introduced by the low-rank projection of both erratic and random *** central idea of the RD-SSA method is to iteratively approximate the observed data with the quadratic norm for the first iteration and the Tukeys bisquare norm for the rest *** RD-SSA method can suppress seismic incoherent noise and keep the reconstruction process robust to the erratic *** feasibility of RD-SSA is validated via both synthetic and field data examples.

关键词： Singular spectrum analysis Damping operator Seismic erratic noise Seismic signal processing Robust low-rank reconstruction