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Analysis of a Hail Process in Foshan, Guangdong Province Using an Advanced Phased-Array Radar System and Development of a New Early Warning Index

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2025年第01期 41-58页

作者： Ling YANG jie FU Zhaoming LI Shuqing MA Wanyi wei Yang LIU College of Electronic Engineering Chengdu University of Information Technology China Meteorological Administration Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Sounding Foshan Tornado Research Center/Foshan Meteorological Office of Guangdong Province CMA Meteorological Observation Centre China Meteorological Administration (CMA) Rayshon Technology Co. Ltd.

Dual-Doppler radar detection and wind-field retrieval techniques are crucial for capturing small-scale structures within convective systems. The spatiotemporal resolution of radar data is a key factor influencing the accuracy of wind-field observations. Recently, an advanced X-band phased-array weather radar system was deployed in Foshan,Guangdong Province, China, comprising a central collaborative control unit and multiple networked phased-array radar front-ends. These radar front-ends work together to scan a common area, achieving a maximum data time difference of 5 s and a volume scan interval of 30 s, thereby providing three-dimensional wind-field data with higher spatiotemporal resolution and greater accuracy than achieved using traditional methods. This study utilized the Xband phased-array weather radar system to analyze the development of a substantial hailstorm that occurred over Foshan on 26 March 2022. Analysis indicated that hail cloud activity intensified considerably after 1442 local time,with the maximum reflectivity factor exceeding 60 dBZ above the altitude of the-20°C level, and reflectivity continued to increase over the subsequent 12 min. More precise information on the flow-field structure of the storm was obtained by examining the X-band radar data. The temporal and vertical variations in the maximum reflectivity factor,updraft velocity, vertical wind shear, and horizontal wind speed within a hailstorm cloud were scrutinized. The results show that the altitude, intensity, and range of the main updraft area increased as the storm core ascended. Concurrently, the vertical wind shear at mid-lower levels of the storm became more pronounced as the altitude of the strong radar echo center increased prior to the peak of the updraft. Therefore, a new hail warning index was developed by using the vertical wind shear, and the index can be used to issue warnings up to 12 min earlier than achievable using traditional methods detecting increases in hailstor

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Tunable siloxane-induced amphiphilic interphase for high-performance gel polymer-based sodium metal batteries

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Science Bulletin 2025年第3期70卷 317-322页

作者： Jialin Lin weiping Li Pei Huang Suting Weng Tuoya Naren Chengzuo gong Chaoping Liang weijie Li Yuejiao Chen Libao Chen Chunxiao Zhang Xuefeng Wang weifeng wei State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Electron Microscopy Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

The ever-growing pursuit for high-energy and low-cost rechargeable batteries has driven the ceaseless research on sodium metal batteries(SMBs)with metallic Na anode,a low redox potential of-2.71 V(*** hydrogen electrode),and a high specific capacity of 1166 mAh ***,its hyperreactivity with liquid electrolytes can cause uncontrollable parasitic reactions and raise safety ***,gel polymer electrolytes(GPEs)in SMBs have attracted immense interest owing to their high energy densities and high safety standards[1],[2].

关键词： polymer pursuit performance

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Substrate bias effects in p-channel GaN-on-Si transistors

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 404-405页

作者： Mengyao ZHAO jie MA Lanlan YANG Chuanqi PAN Denggui WANG Jianjun ZHOU Sheng LI Jiaxing wei Long ZHANG Siyang LIU weifeng SUN National ASIC System Engineering Research Center School of Integrated Circuits Southeast University National Center of Technology Innovation for Electronic Design Automation Southeast University National Key Laboratory of Solid-State Microwave Devices and Circuits

The drain current （ID） of the n-channel GaN field-effecttransistor （n-FET） is influenced by the substrate-to-source bias voltage (VBS)（substrate bias effect）[1].Actually,nonzero VBSis also likely to occur in p-FET in real application,because the source electrode of p-FET is usually connected to high *** study reports the dependency between IDand VBSin p-FET for the first time,and analyzes the underlying mechanisms from the perspective of vertical electric field （EF） distribution.

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Velogenic Newcastle disease virus invades chicken brain by infecting brain microvascular endothelial cells to increase blood-brain barrier permeability

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2025年第2期24卷 712-723页

作者： jie Zhao Sa Xiao wei Yao Xudong Chang Xinglong Wang Zengqi Yang Wenbin Wang Poultry Institute Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Northwest A&F University People's Government of Guangpu Town

The blood-brain barrier(BBB) keeps poisons and infections out of the brain. Some viruses can pass through this barrier and replicate in the central nervous system(CNS). Velogenic Newcastle disease virus(VNDV) is a neurotropic virus that causes avian nonsuppurative encephalitis. VNDV often develops into a chronic infection that seriously affects poultry health in partially immune birds. The routes by which the virus enters the chicken brain are poorly understood. In this study, we discovered that VNDV increased BBB permeability in vivo and in vitro by breaking the tight junction protein zona occludens-1(ZO-1) continuity of chicken brain microvascular endothelial cells(chBMECs). By investigating the susceptibility of chBMECs to NDV infection, we found that VNDV but not lentogenic NDV was detected in the basolateral compartment in transwell assays after apical infection, suggesting that efficient replication and transcellular transport of the virus across the BBB in vitro. Furthermore, viral replication and BBB permeability were reduced during the early stage of infection by using the dynamin inhibitor dynasore. Our data demonstrate that VNDV invades the chicken brain by infecting and damaging the tight junction of chBMECs directly to increase BBB permeability. VNDV could infect chBMECs via endocytosis. As a result, our findings provide compelling evidence for VNDV entrance into the brain via the BBB, paving the way for the development of medications for NDV prevention and therapy.

关键词： velogenic Newcastle disease virus blood-brain barrier permeability chicken brain microvascular endothelial cells

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Both 20S and 19S proteasome components are essential for meiosis in male mice

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Zoological Research 2025年第01期 27-40页

作者： Ting-Ting Han Li-Ying Wang Qiu-Xing Zhou wei wei Yan-jie Ma Ying-Hong Chen wei Li Zhen-Yu Ju Chao Liu Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine Department of Developmental & Regenerative Medicine College of Life Science and Technology Jinan University Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center Guangzhou Medical University

The proteasome, an evolutionarily conserved proteolytic complex comprising the 20S core particle and 19S regulatory particles, performs both shared and distinct ***, a highly complex developmental process, relies on proteasome activity at multiple stages to regulate protein turnover. In this study, we selected the20S subunit PSMA1 and 19S regulatory subunit PSMD2 to investigate the potential functions of the proteasome in spermatogenesis. Using Psma1-EGFP and Psmd2-mCherry knock-in mouse models, we confirmed the expression of both subunits in all spermatogenic cell types,with pronounced presence in early germ cell *** further clarify their functional significance, we specifically knocked out Psma1 and Psmd2 in germ *** of either PSMA1 or PSMD2 led to disrupted spermatogenesis, characterized by the complete absence of sperm in the epididymis. Subsequent analysis indicated that loss of these proteasome components impaired meiotic initiation. Psma1 and Psmd2 knockout germ cells showed accumulation of DMRT1, a key regulator of mitosis-to-meiosis transition, leading to a reduction in STRA8 levels and consequent disruption of meiosis initiation. This study sheds light on the molecular mechanisms that govern meiotic initiation and identifies potential genes associated with male infertility.

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Development and validation of a nomogram prediction model for overall survival in patients with rectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2025年第2期17卷 93-104页

作者： Ling Liang Xiao-Sheng Li Ze-Jun Huang Zu-Hai Hu Qian-jie Xu Yu-Liang Yuan wei Zhang Hai-Ke Lei Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment Chongqing University Cancer HospitalChongqing 400030China Chongqing Cancer Multiomics Big Data Application Engineering Research Center Chongqing University Cancer HospitalChongqing 400030China Department of Health Statistics School of Public HealthChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China

BACKGROUND Rectal cancer is prevalent and associated with substantial morbidity and *** To develop a nomogram prediction model for overall survival(OS)in patients with rectal cancer by leveraging a comprehensive analysis of demographic,clinicopathological,haematological,and follow-up data to identify independent prognostic *** We conducted a prospective cohort study in China involving rectal cancer patients and applied Cox regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression to assess the significance of various variables as independent prognostic factors for *** identified factors were integrated into a nomogram model,which was evaluated for predictive accuracy via the C-index,area under the curve(AUC),calibration curve,and decision curve analysis(DCA).RESULTS Multivariate analysis revealed independent predictors of OS,including the Karnofsky performance status,age,sex,TNM stage,chemotherapy,surgery,targeted therapy,β2-microglobulin,lactate dehydrogenase,and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte *** nomogram demonstrated a C-index of 0.80 for the training and validation cohorts,with AUC values indicating high predictive accuracy for 1-year,3-year,and 5-year *** calibration curves confirmed the model's excellent agreement with the observed survival rates,and DCA revealed the superior clinical utility of the nomogram over the TNM staging *** In this study,a novel prognostic model that accurately predicts the OS of rectal cancer patients was *** model exhibited excellent discriminatory and calibration capabilities,thus offering a reliable tool for health care professionals to estimate patient survival.

关键词： Rectal cancer Overall survival Nomogram Prognosis

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Potential of ultrasound stimulation and sonogenetics in vision restoration:a narrative review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第12期20卷 3501-3516页

作者： jie Ji Chen gong Gengxi Lu Junhang Zhang Baoqiang Liu Xunan Liu Junhao Lin Patrick Wang Biju B.Thomas Mark S.Humayun Qifa Zhou Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA USC Roski Eye Institute Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA Thomas Lord Department of Computer Science University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA Harvard Westlake School Studio CityCAUSA

Vision restoration presents a considerable challenge in the realm of regenerative medicine,while recent progress in ultrasound stimulation has displayed potential as a non-invasive therapeutic *** narrative review offers a comprehensive overview of current research on ultrasound-stimulated neuromodulation,emphasizing its potential as a treatment modality for various nerve *** examining of the efficacy of different types of ultrasound stimulation in modulating peripheral and optic nerves,we can delve into their underlying molecular ***,the review underscores the potential of sonogenetics in vision restoration,which involves leveraging pharmacological and genetic manipulations to inhibit or enhance the expression of related mechanosensitive channels,thereby modulating the strength of the ultrasound *** also address how methods such as viral transcription can be utilized to render specific neurons or organs highly responsive to ultrasound,leading to significantly improved therapeutic outcomes.

关键词： neuromodulation non-invasive optic nerve injury retinal degeneration sonogenetics ultrasound stimulation visual restoration

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Methods and mechanisms for enhancing the water retention properties of Jiuzhaigou disintegrated rubble soils

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Journal of Mountain Science 2025年第2期22卷 729-746页

作者： wei Zeming XI Hongchao PEI Xiangjun ZHANG Xiaochao QIU Mao HUANG Tiao WANG Zhaocheng JIANG Junlian DU jie JIAN Daijun State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Tianfu Yongxing Laboratory Research Center for Carbon Sequestration and Ecological Restoration Chengdu 610213China Jiuzhaigou Administration Aba 623400China

Rubble deposits with a high concentration of rock debris were created after the powerful earthquakes in *** of the restricted soil resources,water leaks,and nutrient deficits,these deposits pose serious obstacles for vegetation *** purpose of this study was to investigate the main mechanisms controlling soil water retention and evaluate the effects of different amendments on the hydraulic characteristics and water-holding capacity of collapsed rubble *** soil,forest humus,crushed straw,and organic components that retain water were added to the altered soils to study the pore structure images and soil-water characteristic *** understory humus to other supplements,the results showed a considerable increase in the soil's saturated and wilting water *** saturated water content and wilting water content rose by 17.9%and 4.3%,respectively,when the percentage of understory soil reached 30%.Additionally,the enhanced soil's microporosity and total pore volume increased by 45.33%and 11.27%,respectively,according to nuclear magnetic *** was shown that while clay particles and organic matter improved the soil's ability to adsorb water,they also increased the soil's total capacity to store *** particulate matter did this by decreasing macropores and increasing capillary *** results offer an essential starting point for creating strategies for soil repair that would encourage the restoration of plants on slopes that have been damaged.

关键词： Pile-ups Amendments Crumbling rubble soils Water holding capacity Soil-water characteristic curves

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A comparison of the proto-dolomite induced by cyanobacteria and halophilic bacteria:implications for dolomite-inducing microbe identification

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2025年第01期14卷 277-290页

作者：赵延洋 Xiang-Yu wei Xiao Gao Na Guo jie Li Kai-Ming Hu Chao Han Qi-Yu Wang 韩作振 Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization and Sedimentary Minerals College of Earth Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Sedimentary Basin and Oil and Gas Resources Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas China University of Petroleum

This study investigates the morphological and mineralogical characteristics of proto-dolomite induced by two specific microorganisms with varying lifestyles:the extremely halophilic bacterium Vibrio harveyi QPL2 and the cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya boryana. Halophilic bacterially-induced proto-dolomite(HBD) and cyanobacterially-induced proto-dolomite (CBD) were subjected to comprehensive characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Focused Ion Beam, thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results indicate that both HBD and CBD exhibit a low degree of crystallinity and possess comparable molar ratios of MgCO3to CaCO3. Moreover, neither of them exhibits the ordered structure of ideal dolomite. HBD and CBD exhibit notable distinctions in external morphology and internal structure. HBD forms a subunit aggregate with a less dense surface and numerous pinhole structures resulting from bacterial survival. In contrast, CBD adopts a bispherical shape with a relatively dense surface and minimal indications of cyanobacterial survival. Both HBD and CBD have an internal hollow structure. However, HBD is characterized by sparse population and loosely arranged subunits, while CBD features only a central cavity. Additionally, HBD particles are smaller compared to CBD particles. These morphological differences suggest that HBD primarily grows through bacterial surface-dependent processes,whereas the growth of CBD is not directly reliant on the surface of cyanobacteria. Compositionally, the weightpercentage of crystalline water in CBD exceeded that of HBD with a value of 29.42%compared to 5.9%. This increase in internal crystalline water enables a faster conversion of CBD to the ordered ideal dolomite in a specific diagenetic environment. This study implies that the morphology and composition of microbial protodolomite may aid in identifying the type of dolomite-inducing microbes.

关键词： Proto-dolomite Cyanobacteria Halophile Crystal morphology Water of crystallization

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Effect of SiO_(2) Nanoparticles/Silicate on Characteristics of Micro-arc Oxidation Coating Formed on TC4 Alloy

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稀有金属材料与工程 2025年第1期54卷 76-83页

作者： Sun Fengyu Yang Zhao Hu jie gong Yunbai Wang Ping Luo Qiming Zhu Manlan School of New Energy and Materials Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China State Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Smart Coal-fired Power Generation and Ultra-clean Emission Nanjing 210046China

TC4 micro-arc oxidation(MAO)coatings were prepared by adding SiO_(2) nanoparticles or sodium silicate to the sodium meta-aluminate-based *** effect of additives was investigated by XRD,SEM,EDS,electrochemical and wear *** results show that additives can considerably accelerate the formation of MAO *** coatings are mostly composed of rutile and anatase TiO_(2),α-Al_(2)O_(3),γ-Al_(2)O_(3),Al_(2)TiO_(5) and SiO_(2).Sodium silicate and SiO_(2) nanoparticles added to the coating can effectively reduce the size of micropores and increase its thickness,whereas SiO_(2) nanoparticles with superior physical properties can be directly deposited at the discharge channel,significantly increasing the coating's resistance to wear and *** coating with SiO_(2) nanoparticles exhibits the best overall performance,with the lowest corrosion rate and average friction coefficient of 4.095×10^(-5)mm/a and 0.30,respectively.

关键词： micro-arc oxidation TC4 alloy coatings corrosion wea

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