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Ca2+ cation-mediated microenvironment for electrochemical hydrodimerization of furfural

Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： wei Du Shuangshuang cha.Can Lei Mengxin Qu Zhongqiang Deng Ming Gong Xinhe Bao Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Fudan University State Key Laboratory of Catalysis National Laboratory for Clean Energy Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Furfural is one of the most important biomass-based platform molecules as sustainable precursors for chemicals and fuels. The electrochemical hydrodimerization of furfural can generate hydrofuroin, which is a promising precursor for gasoline or jet ***, steering the selectivity toward hydrodimerization under near-neutral conditions that suppress polymerization and disproportionation of furfural remains cha.lenging. Herein, we discovered that tuning the electrolyte cations could be an effective and alternative strategy for modulating furfural reduction to the traditional electrocatalyst design. Under the optimal Ca2+cations,hydrofuroin yield could be much improved from other cations with hydrofuroin selectivity of 95.5%. The systematic cha.acterization of the ion-centered double layer reflected the suitable sizes and cha.ges of hydrated Ca2+for suppressing the hydrogen evolution reaction from activation of surrounding water molecules as well as encouraging furfural accumulation via non-covalent interaction for directing the electron transfer to furfurals. Ions with smaller or larger sizes can either activate local water molecules or form a crowded ionic interface that casts an adverse effect on furfural enrichment. This work not only presents an effective strategy for facilitating biomass valorization via hydrodimerization but also emphasizes the essential role of the ion-centered microenvironment for steering the electrocatalytic pathways.

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Investigation of hot jet on active control of oblique detonation waves

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2020年第3期33卷 861-869页

作者： Hongbin LI Jianling LI cha.XIONG wei FAN Lei ZHAO Wenhu HAN School of Power and Energy Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Internal Aerodynamics in Aero-Engine Xi’an 710072China State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

The hot jet injection is utilized to actively control the oblique detonation wave,such as initiating and stabilizing an oblique detonation wave at a desired position that is shorter than the length of induction zone,and adjust the height of the oblique detonation wave at the exit of combustor when the oblique detonation wave engine is working on off-design flight *** fifth order weighted Essentially Non-Oscillatory(WENO)scheme and a two-step reversible reaction mecha.ism of the stoichiometric H_2/Air are adopted in the *** the help of hot jet injection,the transition from inert oblique shock wave to the oblique detonation wave immediately occurs near the position of hot jet injection,and consequently the length of combustor can be *** angle of oblique detonation wave also decreases as the hot jet injection approaches the nose of ***,the height of the oblique detonation wave at the exit of combustor can be flexibly adjusted,and also depends on the injection position and the strength of the hot *** the velocity of the hot jet is too weak to directly trigger the overall oblique detonation wave at the position of injection,increasing the injection pressure will improve the strength of the hot jet and results in a successful transition.

关键词： Active control Hot jet Numerical simulation Oblique detonation wave Supersonic propulsion

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A Modified Differential Transform Method (DTM) for Analyzing Irreversibility of Heat Transfer in Flow Through a Moving Plate with Variable Temperature

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2017年第11期67卷 647-653页

作者： Yin-wei Lin Kuei-Hao cha.g cha.o-Kuang Chen Department of Mathematics and Finance Putian University Research and Services Headquarters and Technology Transfer and Business Incubation Center National Cheng Kung University Department of Mecha.ical Engineering National Cheng Kung University

In this paper, the entropy generation of a flow through a movable plate with variable temperature is *** similarity variables are applied to transform the local entropy generation rate to entropy generation number.A modified differential transform method(DTM) with shooting method is used to obtain the similarity solution of the entropy generation. The effects of different parameters(Prandtl number, variable wall temperature) on the irreversibility(such as N_(sh), N_(sf), N_(sx)) are analyzed and discussed. Moreover, it is worth mentioning that DTM is of advantage because its numerical solution is differentiation and integration. Therefore, its analysis result is reliable and high accuracy.

关键词： sakiadis entropy generation irreversibility moving plate differential transform DTM

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Near Homogeneous Microphysics of the Record-Breaking 2020 Summer Monsoon Rainfall during the Northward Migration over East China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2023年第10期40卷 1783-1798页

作者： Long WEN wei ZHANG cha.YANG Gang CHEN Yajun HU Hao ZHANG Xicha.g Satellite Launch Center Xichang 615000China Xiamen Key Laboratory of Strait Meteorology Xiamen 361012China Key Laboratory of Transportation Meteorology of China Meteorological Administration Nanjing Joint Institute for Atmospheric SciencesNanjing 210041China Xiangan Meteorological Bureau Xiamen 361103China

Knowledge of the raindrop size distribution(DSD)is crucial for disaster prevention and *** recordbreaking rainfall in the summer of 2020 caused some of the worst flooding ever experienced in *** study uses 96 Parsivel disdrometers and eight-year Global Precipitation Measurement(GPM)satellite observations to reveal the microphysical aspects of the disastrous rainfall during its northward migration over East *** results show that the nearly twice as heavy rainfall in Jiangsu Province compared to Fujian Province can be attributed to the earlier-than-average northward jump of the summer monsoon rainband to the Yangtze-Huaihe River *** persistent heavy monsoon rainfall showed similar near-maritime DSD cha.acteristics,with a higher concentration of small raindrops than the surrounding climatic *** the northward movement of the rainband,the DSD variables and composite spectra between the pre-summer rainfall in Fujian and mei-yu rainfall in Jiangsu exhibited inherent similarities with slight regional *** are associated with similar statistical vertical precipitation structures for both convective and stratiform rain in these regions/*** vertical profiles of radar reflectivity and DSD parameters are typical of monsoonal rainfall features,implying the competition between coalescence,breakup,and accretion of vital warm rain *** study attributes the anomalously long duration of the mei-yu season for the record-breaking rainfall and reveals inherent homogeneous rainfall microphysics during the northward movement of the summer monsoon *** conclusion is statistically robust and would be helpful for accurate precipitation estimation and model parameterization of summer monsoon rainfall over East China.

关键词： precipitation microphysics raindrop size distribution mei-yu East China

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Short-term effects of organic amendments on soil fertility and root growth of rubber trees on Hainan Island, China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第6期31卷 2137-2144页

作者： Yanyan Huang Yudan Jing Meirong Bei Hongzhu Yang Zhengzao cha.Qinghuo Lin wei Luo Rubber Research Institute CATAS/Soil and Fertilizer Research CenterCATASDanzhou 571737HainanPeople’s Republic of China

Rubber[Hevea brasiliensis(*** ***.)Mü***.]plantations are the largest cultivated forest type in tropical *** organic materials to the soil will help to maintain the quality and growth of rubber *** many studies have demonstrated that organic waste materials can be used to improve soil fertility and structure to promote root growth,few studies have studied the eff ects of organic amendments on soil fertility and root growth in rubber tree ***,bagasse,coconut husk or biocha. were applied with a chemical fertilizer to test their eff ects on soil properties after 6 months and compared with the eff ects of only the chemical *** showed that the soil organic matter content,total nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium after the chemical fertilizer(F)treatment were all signifi cantly lower than after the chemical fertilizer+bagasse(Fba),chemical fertilizer+coconut husk(Fco)or chemical fertilizer+biocha.(Fbi)(pcha. increased soil fertility and promoted root growth of rubber trees in the short ***,bagasse and coconut husk were more eff ective than biocha. in improving root growth of rubber trees.

关键词： Organic waste Root development Rubber tree Soil fertility

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Trustworthiness Evaluation for Permissioned Blockcha.n-Enabled Applications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第11期73卷 2731-2755页

作者： Shi-Cho cha.Chuang-Ming Shiung Wen-wei Li Chun-Neng Peng Yi-Hsuan Hung Kuo-Hui Yeh Department of Information Management National Taiwan University of Science and TechnologyTaiwanChina Department of Information Management National Dong Hwa UniversityHualienTaiwanChina Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Sun Yat-Sen UniversityKaohsiungTaiwanChina

As permissioned blockcha.n becomes a common foundation of blockcha.n-based circumstances for current organizations,related stakeholders need a means to assess the trustworthiness of the applications involved *** is extremely important to consider the potential impact brought by the Blockcha.n technology in terms of security and ***,this study proposes a rigorous security risk management framework for permissioned blockcha.n-enabled *** framework divides itself into different implementation domains,i.e.,organization security,application security,consensus mecha.ism security,node management and network security,host security and perimeter security,and simultaneously provides guidelines to control the security risks of permissioned blockcha.n applications with respect to these security *** addition,a case study,including a security testing and risk evaluation on each stack of a specific organization,is demonstrated as an implementation instruction of our proposed risk management *** to the best of our knowledge,this study is one of the pioneer researches that provide a means to evaluate the security risks of permissioned blockcha.n applications from a holistic point of *** users can trust the applications that adopted this framework,this study can contribute to the adoption of permissioned blockcha.n-enabled ***,application providers can use the framework to perform gap analysis on their existing systems and controls and understand the risks of their applications.

关键词： Permissioned blockcha.n blockcha.n security blockcha.n risk evaluation

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A Periodicity Analysis of the Light Curve of 3C 454.3

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Chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2006年第4期6卷 421-429页

作者： Huai-Zhen Li Guang-Zhong Xie Shu-Bai Zhou Hong-Tao Liu Guang-wei cha.Li Ma Li-Sheng Mao National Astronomical Observatories / Yunnan Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650011 Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 Yunnan Astronomical Center Yunnan University Kunming 650091 Physics Department Yunnan University Kunming 650091 Physics Department Yunnan Normal College Kunming 650091

We analyzed the radio light curves of 3C 454.3 at frequencies 22 and 37 GHz taken from the database of Metsaeovi Radio Observatory, and found evidence of quasi-periodic activity. The light curves show great activity with very complicated non-sinusoidal variations. Two possible periods, a very weak one of 1.57 ± 0.12 yr and a very strong one of 6.15 ±0.50 yr were consistently identified by two methods, the Jurkevich method and power specmun estimation. The period of 6.15 ± 0.50 yr is consistent with results previously reported by Ciaramella et al. and Webb et al. Applying the binary black hole model to the central structure we found black hole masses of 1.53 × 10^9M⊙ and 1.86 × 10^8M⊙, and predicted that the next radio outburst is to take place in 2006 March and April.

关键词： galaxies: individual (3C 454.3)-- galaxies: fundamental parameters-- methods:data analysis

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Serum lipid profiles are associated with semen quality

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2017年第6期19卷 633-638页

作者： Chin-Yu Liu Yu-Ching Chou Shyh-Hsiang Lin Sheng-Tang Wu Tai-Lung cha.Hong-I Chen Chih-wei Tsao Department of Nutritional Science Fu Jen Catholic University New Taipei City Taiwan China School of Public Health National Defense Medical Center Taipei Taiwan China School of Nutrition and Health Sciences College of Nutrition Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan China Division of Urology Department of Surgery Tri-Service General Hospital National Defense Medical Center Taipei Taiwan China Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Chang Jung Christian University Tainan Taiwan China

We aimed to explore the associations between different lipid profiles and semen quality in a large-scale general male population. Sperm concentration, total sperm motility, progressive motility, and normal sperm morphology of total 7601 participants were recorded. The association of these semen parameters with the triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, and very low-density lipoprotein of serum lipid profiles was analyzed. Sperm concentration was statistically positively correlated with triglyceride and very low-density lipoprotein （adjusted P= 0.001 and P= 0.005, respectively）. Total sperm motility and progressive motility were statistically increased with increasing low-density lipoprotein and cholesterol levels （both adjusted P = 0.008 and P 〈 0.001, respectively）. The similar J-shaped associations （high-low-low-high） were noted between individual lipid profile and normal sperm morphology, especially low-density lipoprotein and cholesterol with statistical significance （adjusted P = 0.017 and P= 0.021, respectively）. The prevalence of abnormal total sperm motility and progressive motility was decreased in participants with high levels of cholesterol （P = 0.008 and P = 0.019, respectively）, and the reverse J-shaped associations （low-high-high-low） were noted between high-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, very low-density lipoprotein, and the prevalence of abnormal normal sperm morphology （P = 0.010, P = 0.037, and P = 0.025, respectively）. A high cholesterol level was associated with better sperm motility. Similar J-shaped associations were noted between all lipid profiles and normal sperm morphology; meanwhile, the reverse J-shaped trends were identified between them and abnormal normal sperm morphology prevalence.

关键词： cholesterol general population lipoprotein semen quality triglyceride

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cha.acterization of subunits encoded by Sn RK1 and dissection of combinations among these subunits in sorghum(Sorghum bicolor L.)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第2期22卷 642-649页

作者： XIAO Qian-lin HUANG Tian-hui ZHOU cha.g CHEN wei-xi cha.Jian-kui wei Xi-mei XING Fang-yu QIAN Meng-ya MA Qian-nan DUAN Hong LIU Zhi-zhai College of Agronomy and Biotechnology Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715P.R.China

Sucrose nonfermenting-related protein kinase 1(SnRK1)is one of the critical serine/threonine protein *** commonly mediates plant growth and development,cross-talks with metabolism processes and physiological responses to biotic or abiotic *** plays a key role in distributing carbohydrates and sugar signal *** the present study,eight SnRK1 coding genes were identified in sorghum(Sorghum bicolor L.)via sequences alignment,with three forαsubunits(SnRK1α1 to SnRK1α3),three forβ(SnRK1β1 to SnRK1β3),and one for bothγ(SnRK1γ)andβγ(SnRK1βγ).These eight corresponding genes located on five chromosomes(Chr)of Chr1–3,Chr7,and Chr9 and presented collinearities to SnRK1s from maize and rice,exhibiting highly conserved domains within the same subunits from the three kinds of *** results via qRT-PCR showed that different coding genes of SnRK1s in sorghum possessed similar expression patterns except for SnRK1α3 with a low expression level in grains and SnRK1β2 with a relatively high expression level in *** of subcellular localization in sorghum leaf protoplast showed that SnRK1α1/α2/α3/γmainly located on organelles,while the rest four of SnRK1β1/β2/β3/βγlocated on both membranes and some ***,three combinations were discovered among eight SnRK1 subunits in sorghum through yeast two hybrid,includingα1-β2-βγ,α2-β3-γ,andα3-β3-γ.These results provide informative references for the following functional dissection of SnRK1 subunits in sorghum.

关键词： sorghum(Sorghum bicolor L.) SnRK1 expression analysis combination pattern

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弯曲方管内爆燃向爆震转变特性

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航空动力学报 2014年第8期29卷 1796-1801页

作者：王玮邱华范玮熊姹西北工业大学动力与能源学院西安710072

为缩短爆震管轴向尺寸,采用曲管爆震管替代直管爆震管.基于弯曲方管实验器,进行了二维数值仿真计算,研究了点火位置、点火能量及弯曲段曲率半径对爆震波形成及传播的影响规律.数值模拟结果表明:爆燃向爆震转变(DDT)时间随弯曲段曲率半... 详细信息

为缩短爆震管轴向尺寸,采用曲管爆震管替代直管爆震管.基于弯曲方管实验器,进行了二维数值仿真计算,研究了点火位置、点火能量及弯曲段曲率半径对爆震波形成及传播的影响规律.数值模拟结果表明:爆燃向爆震转变(DDT)时间随弯曲段曲率半径增大而减小,DDT距离在弯曲段曲率半径最大时达到最小值;点火能量越大,爆震管内激波强度越大,DDT时间越小;在距离爆震管进口300mm处点火时,爆震管内爆震波压力峰值最大,DDT时间最短.

关键词：爆震爆燃爆燃向爆震转变弯曲方管脉冲爆震发动机

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