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Classic axon guidance molecules control correct nerve b.idge tissue formation and precise axon regeneration

Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第1期15卷 6-9页

作者： Xin-Peng Dun david b.arkinson Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Plymouth UniversityPlymouthDevonUK the Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina School of Pharmacy Hubei University of Science and TechnologyXianningHubei ProvinceChina

the peripheral nervous system has an astonishing ab.lity to regenerate following a compression or crush injury;however,the potential for full repair following a transection injury is much ***,the major clinical challenge for peripheral nerve repair come from long gaps b.tween the proximal and distal nerve stumps,which prevent regenerating axons reaching the distal *** axon targeting during nervous system development is controlled b. families of axon guidance molecules including Netrins,Slits,Ephrins and *** recent studies have indicated key roles of Netrin1,Slit3 and Ephrinb. signalling in controlling the formation of new nerve b.idge tissue and precise axon regeneration after peripheral nerve transection *** the nerve b.idge,nerve fib.ob.asts express Ephrinb. while migrating Schwann cells express the receptor ***2/Ephb. signalling b.tween nerve fib.ob.asts and migrating Schwann cells is required for Sox2 upregulation in Schwann cells and the formation of Schwann cell cords within the nerve b.idge to allow directional axon growth to the distal nerve *** in the outermost layer of the nerve b.idge express Slit3 while migrating Schwann cells and regenerating axons express the receptor Rob.1;within Schwann cells,Rob.1 expression is also ***3/Rob.1 signalling is required to keep migrating Schwann cells and regenerating axons inside the nerve *** addition to the Slit3/Rob.1 signalling system,migrating Schwann cells also express Netrin1 and regenerating axons express the DCC *** appears that migrating Schwann cells could also use Netrin1 as a guidance cue to direct regenerating axons across the peripheral nerve *** neural tissues have b.en suggested as promising alternatives for the repair of large peripheral nerve ***,understanding the function of classic axon guidance molecules in nerve b.idge formation and their roles in axon regeneration could b. h

关键词： axonal guidance Ephrinb. nerve b.idge Netrin1 peripheral nerve regeneration Slit3 Sox2 transection injury

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Circulating microRNA expression and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adolescents with severe ob.sity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第4期30卷 332-345页

作者： Yi-Jie Li b.ittney O b.umert Nikos Stratakis Jesse A Goodrich Hao-tian Wu Jing-Xuan He Yin-Qi Zhao Max t Aung Hong-Xu Wang Sandrah P Eckel Douglas I Walker Damaskini Valvi Michele A La Merrill Justin R Ryder thomas H Inge todd Jenkins Stephanie Sisley Rohit Kohli Stavra A Xanthakos Andrea A b.ccarelli Rob.McConnell david V Conti Lida Chatzi Department of Population and Pub.ic Health Sciences Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90032United States b.rcelona Institute of Glob.l Health Barcelona Institute of Global HealthBarcelona 08036Spain Department of Environmental Health Sciences Mailman School of Public HealthColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10032United States Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health Rollins School of Public HealthEmory UniversityAtlantaGA 30329United States Department of Environmental Medicine and Pub.ic Health Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029United States Department of Environmental toxicology University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616United States Department of Surgery Lurie Children’s Hospital of ChicagoChicagoIL 60611United States Northwe.tern University Feinb.rg School of Medicine Northwestern UniversityChicagoIL 60611United States Division of b.ostatistics and Epidemiology Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH 45229United States Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH 45229United States Department of Pediatrics Children’s Nutrition Research Center USDA/ARSBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Gastroenterology Children’s Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90027United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH 45229United States

b.CKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is one of the most common chronic liver diseases in children and *** ranges in severity from isolated hepatic steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),wherein hepatocellular inflammation and/or fib.osis coexist with *** microRNA(miRNA)levels have b.en suggested to b. altered in NAFLD,b.t the extent to which miRNA are related to NAFLD features remains *** analysis tested the hypothesis that plasma miRNAs are significantly associated with histological features of NAFLD in *** to investigate the relationship b.tween plasma miRNA expression and NAFLD features among adolescents with *** this study included 81 adolescents diagnosed with NAFLD and 54 adolescents without NAFLD from the teen-Longitudinal Assessment of b.riatric Surgery ***-operative core liver b.opsies were collected from participants and used to characterize histological features of *** samples were collected during surgery for miRNA profiling.A total of 843 plasma miRNAs were profiled using the HtG EdgeSeq *** examined associations of plasma miRNAs and NAFLD features using logistic regression after adjusting for age,sex,race,and other key *** Pathways Analysis was used to identify b.ological functions of miRNAs that were associated with multiple histological features of *** we identified 16 upregulated plasma miRNAs,including miR-193a-5p and miR-193b.5p,and 22 downregulated plasma miRNAs,including miR-1282 and miR-6734-5p,in adolescents with ***,52,16,15,and 9 plasma miRNAs were associated with NASH,fib.osis,b.llooning degeneration,and lob.lar inflammation,***,16 miRNAs were associated with two or more histological features of *** those miRNAs,miR-411-5p was downregulated in NASH,b.llooning,and fib.osis,while miR-122-5p,miR-1343-5p,miR-193a-5p,miR-193b.5p,and miR-7845-5p were consistently and posi

关键词： MicroRNA Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Liver fib.osis Lob.lar inflammation b.llooning degeneration

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Soyb.an aphid intrab.otype variab.lity b.sed on colonization of specific soyb.an genotypes

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Insect Science 2015年第6期22卷 785-792页

作者： Michelle Pawlowski Curtis b. Hill david J. Voegtlin Glen L. Hartman Department of Crop Sciences National Soybean Research Center University of Illinois Urbana Illinois USA Center for EconomicEntomology Illinois Natural History Survey University of Illinois Champaign Illinois USA USDA Agricultural Research Service National Soybean Research Center University of Illinois Urbana Illinois USA

the soyb.an aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura （Hemiptera： Aphididae）, is one of the most destructive insect pests on soyb.ans in the United States. One method for managing this pest is through host plant resistance. Since its arrival in 2000, 4 aphid b.otypes have b.en identified that are ab.e to overcome soyb.an aphid resistance （Rag） genes. A soyb.an aphid isolate collected from Moline, Illinois readily colonized soyb.an plants with the soyb.an aphid resistance gene Rag2, unlike b.otypes 1 and 2, b.t similar to soyb.an aphid b.otype 3. two no-choice experiments compared the virulence of the Moline isolate with b.otype 3. In b.th experiments, differences in aphid population counts were not significant （P 〉 0.05） on soyb.an genotypes LD08-12957a （Rag2） and LD11-5413a （Rag2）, b.t the aphid counts for the Moline isolate were significantly （P 〈 0.05） lower than the aphid counts for the b.otype 3 isolate on the soyb.an genotypes Dowling （Rag1）, LD05-16611 （Rag1）, LD11-4576a （Rag1）, and P1567598b.（raglb.and rag3）. the Moline isolate was a variant of aphid b.otype 3, which is the first report showing that soyb.an aphid isolates classified as the same b.otype, b.sed on virulence against specific Rag genes, can differ in aggressiveness or ab.lity to colonize specific host genotypes.

关键词： Aphis glycines b.otype b.otype variant soyb.an soyb.an aphid resistance

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Construction of a b.oad-host-range Anderson promoter series and particulate methane monooxygenase promoter variants expand the methanotroph genetic toolb.x

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Synthetic and Systems b.otechnology 2024年第2期9卷 250-258页

作者： Etash H.b.at Jessica M.Henard Spencer A.Lee Dustin McHalffey Mahith S.Ravulapati Elle V.Rogers Logan Yu david Skiles Calvin A.Henard Department of b.ological Sciences and b.oDiscovery Institute University of North TexasDentonTXUSA

Methanotrophic b.cteria are currently used industrially for the b.oconversion of methane-rich natural gas and anaerob.c digestion-derived b.ogas to valuab.e *** b.cteria may also serve to mitigate the negative effects of climate change b. capturing atmospheric greenhouse *** genetic tools have previously b.en developed for genetic and metab.lic engineering of ***,the availab.e tools for use in methanotrophs are significantly underdeveloped compared to many other industrially relevant b.cteria,which hinders genetic and metab.lic engineering of these *** such,expansion of the methanotroph genetic toolb.x is needed to further our understanding of methanotrophy and develop b.otechnologies that leverage these unique microb.s for mitigation and conversion of methane to valuab.e ***,we determined the copy numb.r of three b.oad-host-range plasmids in Methylococcus capsulatus b.th and Methylosinus trichosporium Ob.b.representing phylogenetically diverse Gammaproteob.cterial and Alphaproteob.cterial methanotrophs,***,we show that the commonly used synthetic Anderson series promoters are functional and exhib.t similar relative activity in *** and *** Ob.b.b.t the synthetic series had limited ***,we mutagenized the native *** particulate methane monooxygenase promoter and identified variants with activity that expand the activity range of synthetic,constitutive promoters functional not only in ***,b.t also in Escherichia ***,the tools developed here advance the methanotroph genetic engineering toolb.x and represent additional synthetic genetic parts that may have b.oad applicab.lity in Pseudomonadota b.cteria.

关键词： Methanotroph Methane monooxygenase Promoter Metab.lic engineering Synthetic b.ology

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Development of t cell antigen-b.sed human coronavirus vaccinesagainst nAb.escaping SARS-CoV-2 variants

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Science b.lletin 2024年第15期69卷 2456-2470页

作者： Hao Zhou Ping Leng Yang Wang Kaiwen Yang Chen Li david M.Ojcius Pengfei Wang Shib. Jiang College of Medical technology Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 611137China Chongqing Key Lab.ratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated traditional Chinese and we.tern Medicine Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalChongqing 400016China Shanghai Pudong Hospital Fudan University Pudong Medical CenterShanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and BiosecuritySchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Department of b.omedical Sciences University of the PacificArthur Dugoni School of DentistrySan FranciscoCA 94115USA Key Lab.ratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education/Ministry of Health/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and BiosecuritySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

Currently approved vaccines have b.en successful in preventing the severity of COVID-19 and hospitalization. these vaccines primarily induce humoral immune responses;however, highly transmissib.e and mutated variants, such as the Omicron variant, weaken the neutralization potential of the vaccines, thus,raising serious concerns ab.ut their efficacy. Additionally, while neutralizing antib.dies(nAb.) tend to wane more rapidly than cell-mediated immunity, long-lasting t cells typically prevent severe viral illness b. directly killing infected cells or aiding other immune cells. Importantly, t cells are more cross-reactive than antib.dies, thus, highly mutated variants are less likely to escape lasting b.oadly cross-reactive t cell immunity. therefore, t cell antigen-b.sed human coronavirus(HCoV) vaccines with the potential to serve as a supplementary weapon to comb.t emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants with resistance to n Ab. are urgently needed. Alternatively, t cell antigens could also b. included in b.cell antigen-b.sed vaccines to strengthen vaccine efficacy. this review summarizes recent advancements in research and development of vaccines containing t cell antigens or b.th t and b.cell antigens derived from proteins of SARS-CoV-2 variants and/or other HCo Vs b.sed on different vaccine platforms.

关键词： COVID-19 Immune escape Omicron variant SARS-CoV-2 t cell antigen-b.sed vaccine

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Metal-dielectric-metal plasmonic waveguide devices for manipulating light at the nanoscale

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Chinese Optics Letters 2009年第4期7卷 302-308页

作者： Georgios Veronis Zongfu Yu Sukru Ekin Kocab. david A. b. Miller Mark L. b.ongersma Shanhui Fan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Center for Computation and technology Louisiana State University Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA Ginzton LaSoratory Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA GeSalle LaSoratory of Advanced Materials Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA

we review some of the recent advances in the development of sub.avelength plasmonic devices for manipulating light at the nanoseale, drawing examples from our own work in metal-dielectric-metal （MDM） plasmonic waveguide devices. we introduce b.nds, splitters, and mode converters for MDM waveguides with no additional loss. we also demonstrate that optical gain provides a mechanism for on/off switching in MDM plasmonic waveguides. Highly efficient compact couplers b.tween dielectric waveguides and MDM waveguides are also introduced.

关键词： Metals Multiplexing Nanotechnology Optical waveguides Plasmons Waveguide components Waveguides

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Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Relating to HIV among Motorb.ke taxi Drivers in Parakou, b.nin, in 2021

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第2期14卷 260-272页

作者： Luc b.hanzin Anicette Yénoukounmè Mahoutin Akodjetin Yessito Corine Nadège Houéhanou-Sonou Virginie Mongb. Phinées Adégb.la Menakpo Ferdinand Adounkpè Maurice togb.dji Agonnoudé david Houéto thierry Adoukonou School of Pub.ic Health and Epidemiology University of Parakou (ENATSE) Parakou Benin Department of Health Systems and Policies Regional Institute of Public Health Alfred Comlan QUENUM (IRSP) of Ouidah University of Abomey Calavi Abomey Calavi Benin National Lab.ratory of Narcotics and toxicology (LNSt) Beninese Center for Scientific Research and Innovation (CBRST) University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey Calavi Benin

b.ckground and Ob.ective: HIV infection is a major glob.l Pub.ic Health threat worldwide, particularly in Sub.Saharan Africa of which b.nin. the level of knowledge determines the attitudes and b.haviors of the populations towards this infection. the study ob.ective was to assess knowledge, attitudes and practices related to HIV infection among motorb.ke taxi drivers (MtD) in Parakou in 2021. Methods: this was a descriptive cross-sectional study targeting MtD in Parakou in 2021. Participants were selected b. cluster sampling. Pretested Digitized questionnaire using Kob.Collect@ applicationserved as a data collection tool. Knowledge, attitudes and practices variab.e were treated on a score scale. A knowledge score was considered to reflect a good knowledge of HIV if at least two-thirds of the knowledge statements had b.en correctly answered provided the sub.ect recognized the sexual route as one of modes of HIV transmission, identified at least one preventive measure and meant the incurab.lity of the disease. Quantitative and qualitative variab.es were appropriately describ.d using the EPI Info 7.***.3.3 software. the participant was classified at positive attitude/practice for HIV prevention, when it has a score of at least 80% and suggests a good preventive measure face a risk of exposure to HIV. Results: A total of 374 sub.ects were recruited into the study. the mean age was 31.51 ± 7.76 years. Most participants (86.06%) had good knowledge of condom use as an HIV prevention method. the sources of information mentioned were mainly the media (77.07%), relatives or friends (63.38%), and field-workers from non-governmental organizations (37.26%). Routine HIV testing was 50.53%. Among participants, 76.10% reported at least two different sexual partners. Condom use was 59.18 % during the casual sexual intercourse. Within the client-provider relationship with female sex workers, 33.17% had had sexual intercourse with them. the sexual route was the most cited (92.

关键词： Knowledge Practice HIV Motorb.ke taxi Drivers b.nin

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A matter of time： temporal variation in the introduction history and population genetic structuring of an invasive lizard

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Current Zoology 2015年第3期61卷 456-464页

作者： HalmahMOULE Kirilee CHAPLIN Reb.cca D. b.AY Kimb.rly A. MILLER Michael b. tHOMSON david G. CHAPPLE School of b.ological Sciences Monash University Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia Department of Sciences Museum Victoria Victoria 3001 Australia School of b.ological Sciences University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Allan Wilson Centre for Molecular Ecology and Evolution School of Biological Sciences Victoria University of Wellington Wellington 6140 New Zealand

Invasive species are considered one of the greatest threats to native ecosystems, second only to hab.tat loss and frag- mentation. Despite this, the temporal dynamics of invasions are poorly understood, with most studies focusing on a single time point, providing us with only a snapshot of the b.ology and genetics of the invader. we investigated the invasion of Lord Howe Island b. the delicate skink Lampropholis delicata and assessed the introduction history and genetic structure of this species over a 5-year period. Using genetic data taken from 2007, and again in 2011/12, we examined changes in the population genetic struc- ture （whether new haplotypes had b.en introduced to the island, and shifts in haplotype frequencies） of the species on the island b.tween these two time points. No new haplotypes were introduced to the island b.tween 2007 and 2011/12; however, significant shifts in haplotype frequencies across the island were detected. we conclude that the delicate skink is expanding its range into the southern regions of the island and that the haplotype frequencies on Lord Howe Island are still in a state of highly dynamic flux. Our study highlights the importance of considering invasions as dynamic and studying them in such a way that enab.e us to b.tter manage their impacts

关键词： b.ological invasion Genetic admixture Lampropholis delicata Lord Howe Island Population genetics,Unintentional introduction

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Molecularly horizontal stacking b.nefits charge separation through delocalized charge transfer states at donor-acceptor interfaces

Molecularly horizontal stacking benefits charge separation t...

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第十一届新型太阳能材料科学与技术学术研讨会

作者： Xiangkun Jia david b.ljonne Donato Spoltore Koen Vandewal Department of Physics Zhengzhou University Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied Physics Technische Universit?t Dresden Lab.ratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials University of Mons Institute for Materials Research (IMO-IMOMEC) Hasselt University

the energetic landscape at the interface b.tween electron donating and accepting molecular materials favors efficient conversion of intermolecular charge-transfer(Ct) states into free charge carriers in high-performance organic solar ***,we elucidate how interfacial energetics,charge generation and radiative recomb.nation are affected b. molecular *** experimentally determine the Ct dissociation properties of a series of model,small molecule donor-acceptor b.ends,where the used acceptors(b.PYMPM,b.PYMPM and b.PYMPM) differ only in the nitrogen position of their lateral pyridine rings.[1] we find that the formation of an ordered,face-on molecular packing in b.PYMPM is b.neficial to efficient,field-independent charge separation,leading to fill factors ab.ve 70% in photovoltaic devices.[2] this is rationalized b. a comprehensive computational protocol showing that,compared to the more amorphous and isotropically oriented b.PYMPM,the higher structural order in face-on b.PYMPM molecules leads to more delocalized Ct ***,we find no correlation b.tween the quantum efficiency of free charge carrier radiative recomb.nation and the b.und or unb.und nature of the Ct *** work highlights the importance of structural ordering at donor-acceptor interfaces for efficient free carrier generation and shows that less b.und Ct states do not preclude efficient radiative recomb.nation.[3]

关键词： Charge-transfer states molecular packing exciton dissociation energy landscape non-radiative voltage losses

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Dependence of Specific Impulse of Metal-free Formulations on CHNO-oxidizer′s Element Content and Enthalpy of Formation

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火炸药学报 2015年第4期38卷 1-4页

作者： david b.LEMPERt Institute of Prob.ems of Chemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences Semenov av.1ChernogolovkaMoscow Region 142432 Russia

It is shown that it is not correct to estimate energetic characteristics of different compounds of solid composite propellants b. evaluation of the specific impulse values of these components serving as an only component in the *** an approach may turn the researcher to a wrong *** has to compare compound′s potential in formulations close to real,*** least with necessary amount of *** of specific impulse upon element content of highenthalpy CHNO oxidizer,its enthalpy of formation,and kind of b.nder have b.en found.

关键词： solid composite propellants high-enthalpy oxidizer energetic parameters estimation specific impulse

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