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A study on wildfire impacts on greenhouse gas emissions and regional air quality in South of Orléans,France

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 521-533页

作者： Chaoyang Xue Gisèle Krysztofiak Yangang Ren Min Cai patrick Mercier Frédéric le Fur Corinne Robin Benoit Grosselin Véronique Daele Max RMcGillen Yujing Mu Valéry Catoire Abdelwahid Mellouki Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement et de l’Espace(LPC2E) CNRS–UniversitéOrléans–CNES(UMR 7328)Orléans Cedex 245071France Institut de Combustion AérothermiqueRéactivitéEnvironnement(ICARE)CNRSOrléans Cedex 245071France Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Lig’Air-Association de surveillance de la qualitéde l’air en région Centre-Val de Loire Saint-Cyr-en-Val 45590France Mohammed V University RabatMorocco

Wildfire events are increasing globally which may be partly associated with climate change,resulting in significant adverse impacts on local,regional air quality and global *** September 2020,a small wildfire(burned area:36.3 ha)event occurred in Souesmes(Loiret-Cher,Sologne,France),and its plume spread out over 200 km on the following day as observed by the MODIS *** on measurements at a suburban site(~50 km northwest of the fire location)in Orléans and backward trajectory analysis,young wildfire plumes were *** increases in gaseous pollutants(CO,CH_(4),N_(2)O,VOCs,etc.)and particles(including black carbon)were found within the wildfire plumes,leading to a reduced air *** factors,defined as EF(X)=ΔX/ΔCO(where,X represents the target species),of various trace gases and black carbon within the young wildfire plumes were determined accordingly and compared with previous *** in the ambient ions(such as ammonium,sulfate,nitrate,chloride,and nitrite in the particle-and gasphase)and aerosol properties(e.g.,aerosol water content,aerosol p H)were also quantified and ***,we estimated the total carbon and climate-related species(e.g.,CO_(2),CH_(4),N_(2)O,and BC)emissions and compared them with fire emission *** biomass burning emission inventories have uncertainties in estimating small fire burned areas and *** instance,we found that the Global Fire Assimilation System(GFAS)may underestimate emissions(e.g.,CO)of this small wildfire while other inventories(GFED and FINN)showed significant *** that it is the first time to record wildfire plumes in this region,related atmospheric implications are presented and discussed.

关键词： Wildfire Air quality Emission factor Emission inventory VOLTAIRE supersite

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On Isodual Double Toeplitz Codes

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第5期37卷 2196-2206页

作者： SHI Minjia XU Li SOLé patrick Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing Ministry of Education School of Mathematical Sciences Anhui University State Key Laboratory of Information Security Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences CNRS University of Aix Marseille Centrale Marseille

Double Toeplitz（shortly DT） codes are introduced here as a generalization of double circulant codes. The authors show that such a code is isodual, hence formally self-dual（FSD）. FSD codes form a far-reaching generalization of self-dual codes, the most important class of codes of rate one-half. Self-dual DT codes are characterized as double circulant or double negacirculant. Likewise, even binary DT codes are characterized as double circulant. Numerical examples obtained by exhaustive search show that the codes constructed have best-known minimum distance, up to one unit, amongst formally self-dual codes, and sometimes improve on the known values. For q = 2, the authors find four improvements on the best-known values of the minimum distance of FSD codes. Over F4an explicit construction of DT codes, based on quadratic residues in a prime field, performs equally well. The authors show that DT codes are asymptotically good over Fq. Specifically, the authors construct DT codes arbitrarily close to the asymptotic Varshamov-Gilbert bound for codes of rate one half.

关键词： Double circulant codes double Toeplitz codes formally self-dual codes isodual codes

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Inducing neuronal regeneration and differentiation via the BDNF/ TrkB signaling pathway: a key target against neurodegenerative diseases?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 495-496页

作者： Mirjana Antonijevic patrick Dallemagne Christophe Rochais Normandie University UNICAENCERMNCaenFrance

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)is one of the neurotrophins,a specific polypeptide growth factor,which plays a crucial role in the proliferation,differentiation,survival,and death of neurons and non-neuronal *** is not only essential to maintain the balance between death on one side and survival of neurons on the other,but also it mediates additional higher-order activities such as learning,memory,and *** is initially synthesized as a precursor protein,proBDNF,that can be secreted as it is or it can be cleaved intracellularly by furin and proconvertases,or extracellularly by extracellular proteases such as matrix metalloprotease-9 and matrix metalloprotease-2,or plasmin to give mature BDNF.

关键词： death diseases degenerative

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Trombe walls with porous medium insertion and their influence on thermal comfort in flats in Cusco,Peru

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Energy and Built Environment 2024年第2期5卷 194-210页

作者： patrick Facelli Sanchez Lisset Mercado Hancco Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Architecture and Civil EngineeringUniversidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco08003 CuscoPeru

The Trombe wall is a passive indirect heating system which should be used in Cusco,Peru to improve thermal conditions against the typical frosts and low temperatures during winter in the high Andean *** to this problem,the use of a modified Trombe wall with insertion of porous medium is proposed to improve thermal comfort in flat buildings in *** research aims to analyse and compare the performance of dwellings without Trombe wall,with traditional Trombe wall,and with Trombe wall with glass and plastic pellets insertion in thermal comfort ***■CFD was used to simulate and analyse the *** simulation was performed with three prototype flats(55 m^(2),75 m^(2) and 95 m^(2))for six months of the *** the results obtained,the level of thermal comfort in the traditional scenarios is low with an average PMV of-1.86,in the scenarios with Trombe wall is good and in the scenarios with Trombe wall with insertion of porous medium is slightly better than the previous one,reaching an average PMV of+0.10 and a temperature of 21.90℃.The study carried out is important because it represents an efficient eco-sustainable heating alternative that improves the thermal comfort sensation in houses during the coldest months of the year.

关键词： Trombe wall thermal comfort porous medium residential buildings computational fluid dynamics

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High formability Mg-Zn-Gd wire facilitates ACL reconstruction via its swift degradation to accelerate intra-tunnel endochondral ossification

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 295-315页

作者： Xuan He Ye Li Hongwei Miao Jiankun Xu Michael Tim-yun Ong Chenmin Wang Lizhen Zheng Jiali Wang le Huang Haiyue Zu Zhi Yao Jie Mi Bingyang Dai Xu Li patrick Shu-hang Yung Guangyin Yuan Ling Qin Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory of Department of Orthopaedics&Traumatology and Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research Laboratory of Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming School of Materials Science&EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Orthopaedic Department Peking University Third HospitalBeijingChina Department of Rehabilitation Sciences The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

After reconstructing the anterior cruciate ligament(ACL),unsatisfactory bone tendon interface healing may often induce tunnel enlargement at the early healing *** good biological features and high formability,Magnesium-Zinc-Gadolinium(ZG21)wires are developed to bunch the tendon graft for matching the bone tunnel during ***,tensile strength,degradation,and cytotoxicity of ZG21 wire are *** rabbit model is used for assessing the biological effects of ZG21 wire by Micro-CT,histology,and mechanical *** SEM/EDS,immunochemistry,and in vitro assessments are performed to investigate the underlying *** tests demonstrate the high formability of ZG21 wire as surgical ***-CT shows ZG21 wire degradation accelerates tunnel bone formation,and histologically with earlier and more fibrocartilage regeneration at the healing *** mechanical test shows higher ultimate load in the ZG21 *** SEM/EDS presents ZG21 wire degradation triggered calcium phosphate(Ca-P)*** results demonstrate upregulation of Wnt3a,BMP2,and VEGF at the early phase and TGFβ3 and Type II collagen at the late phase of *** vitro tests also confirmed the Ca-P in the metal extract could elevate the expression of Wnt3a,βcatenin,ocn and opn to stimulate *** vivo tests of clinical samples indicated suturing with ZG21 wire did not weaken the ultimate loading of human tendon *** conclusion,the ZG21 wire is feasible for tendon graft *** degradation products accelerated intra-tunnel endochondral ossification at the early healing stage and therefore enhanced bone-tendon interface healing in ACL reconstruction.

关键词： Magnesium wire ACL reconstruction Magnesium alloy Biomaterials Endochondral ossification

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Multiple sclerosis drug repurposing for neuroregeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 507-508页

作者： Peter Göttle Michael Dietrich patrick Küry Department of Neurology Medical FacultyHeinrich-Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany

Multiple sclerosis(MS)is an autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system(CNS)and is primarily characterized by immune cell infiltration leading to relapses followed by remission phases and a disease course turning progressive over time with neurodegenerative processes taking over(Amin and Hersh,2023).Of note,beyond relapse-associated worsening early in disease progression independent of relapse activity may arise independently of relapse activity and can occur in all ***-mediated damage of myelin sheaths and the subsequent loss of mature oligodendrocytes are resulting in impaired axonal integrity,neurodegeneration and accounts for irreversible neuronal damage(Kuhlmann et al.,2023).The current landscape of available disease-modifying therapies comprises mainly immunomodulatory drugs that effectively diminish relapses and slow down progression at the onset form of the disease,namely relapsing MS(RMS).In this regard,a number of drugs have been approved as disease-modifying therapies for MS by US Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agencies(Box 1).

关键词： drugs impaired irreversible

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Physicochemical and Thermal Properties of Some Key Tropical Sawdust Woods for Energy Production

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2024年第1期14卷 1-22页

作者： Davy Fiwa Kaoke Yann le Brech Emmanuel Talla Anthony Dufour patrick Mountapmbeme Kouotou Department of Chemical Engineering School of Chemical Engineering and Mineral Industries University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon National Advanced School of Engineering of Maroua University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Laboratory of Reactions and Process Engineering University of Lorraine-France Nancy France Higher Institute of Agriculture Wood Water and Environment University of Ebolowa Ebolowa Cameroon

In South Saharan countries, 85% of the population uses biomass as a primary energy source. Cameroon presents one of the highest biomass energy and sawmills produce important sawdust resources which are not used and are burnt in piles leading to significant air toxic emissions. Therefore, we have to valorize industrially these available sawdusts. This study focuses on the physicochemical and thermochemical analysis of Ayous, Sapelli and Tali sawdust. The proximate and ultimate analysis, particle size, structural composition, as well as heavy metal content and calorific value were determined. In addition, the thermogravimetric mass losses were also estimated. The results showed that high water contents (24% - 41%) were recorded in the raw sawdust, and the thermal treatment reduced these contents from 78% to values in the range of 4% - 9%. The values for ash and volatile matter content were respectively between 0.25% - 0.74% and 68% - 76%. The LHV is higher in Ayous (17.5 MJ/kg) and Sapelli (16.8 MJ/kg) than that of Tali (15.7 MJ/kg). The concentration of heavy metals is very low in each species. Extractives are more present in Tali (16.06%) than in the other sawdusts. Pyrolysis of sawdust shows the typical decomposition of hemicellulose (270˚C - 325˚C), cellulose (325˚C - 400˚C) and lignin (200˚C - 550˚C) with a maximum loss of 75% at 370˚C and the melting point is 320˚C. The results of the sawdust parameters determined in the paper can be valorized to reduce pollutants emissions by developing the efficiency and effectiveness of biomass energy processes and promoting the use of biomass as a sustainable alternative to traditional fossil fuels.

关键词： Wood Sawmills Sawdust Combustion Energy

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Small activating RNA delivery in vivo:Challenges,prospects,and lessons learned from siRNA delivery

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 8990-9002页

作者： Shalini Pandey patrick T.Bednarz Matthias A.Oberli Omid Veiseh Department of Bioengineering William Marsh Rice UniversityHouston 77030USA Xibus Systems 199 Dexter AveWatertown 02472USA

Over the last two decades,small activating RNAs(saRNAs)have quickly moved from discovery to clinical *** as 20 nucleotide long,double stranded RNA,saRNAs have the unique ability to increase gene transcription at the chromatin *** therapeutic modality has great potential as a safe and redosable alternative to gene therapy by increasing target protein expression without changing the genetic *** describe the successful in vivo saRNA delivery vectors and found that similar to small interfering RNA(siRNA)and mRNA targeting tissues outside the liver works best at the end of a *** highlight nanoparticle vectors and RNA-conjugates,where some success has been reported for non-hepatic delivery of saRNAaptamers.

关键词： small activating RNA hepatic bias lipid nanoparticles RNA-conjugates

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A compartment and metapopulation model of Rocky Mountain spotted fever in southwestern United States and northern Mexico

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第3期9卷 713-727页

作者： Laura Backus patrick Foley Janet Foley School of Veterinary Medicine Department of Medicine and EpidemiologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA Department of Biological Sciences California State UniversitySacramentoCAUSA

Rocky Mountain spotted fever(RMSF)is a fatal tick-borne zoonotic disease that has emerged as an epidemic in western North America since the turn of the 21st *** the US south-western border and across northern Mexico,the brown dog tick,Rhipicephalus sanguineus,is responsible for spreading the disease between dogs and *** widespread nature of the disease and the ongoing epidemics contrast with historically sporadic patterns of the *** dogs are amplifying hosts for the Rickettsia rickettsii bacteria,transmission dynamics between dogs and ticks are critical for understanding the *** this paper,we developed a compartment metapopulation model and used it to explore the dynamics and drivers of RMSF in dogs and brown dog ticks in a theoretical region in western North *** discovered that there is an extended lag—as much as two years—between introduction of the pathogen to a naïve population and epidemic-level transmission,suggesting that infected ticks could disseminate extensively before disease is detected.A single large city-size population of dogs was sufficient to maintain the disease over a decade and serve as a source for disease in surrounding smaller *** model is a novel tool that can be used to identify high risk areas and key intervention points for epidemic RMSF spread by brown dog ticks.

关键词： Compartment model Rocky mountain spotted fever SIR model Metapopulation Zoonosis

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Impact of multifocal gas-permeable lens designs on short-term choroidal response, axial length, and retinal defocus profile

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第2期17卷 247-256页

作者： Muteb Alanazi patrick Caroline Amane Alshamrani Maria Liu Optometry Department College of Applied Medical SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 14813Saudi Arabia College of Optometry Pacific UniversityForest GroveOregon 97116-1756United States Optometry School University of California at BerkeleyCalifornia 94720United States

AIM:To investigate the impact of multifocal gas permeable contact lens(MFGPCL)in various add power and distance/near area allocation on short-term changes of choroidal thickness(ChT),axial length(AL),and retinal defocus profile in young ***:Seventeen young adults(2 males and 15 females;age 23.17±4.48y)were randomly assigned to wear two designs binocularly with a one-week washout period in *** of four MFGPCL designs were *** designs were distance-center that varied in two add power(+1.50 and 3.00 D)and/or two distance zone(DZ)diameters(1.50 and 3.00 mm;design A:DZ 1.5/add 3.0,B:DZ 1.5/add 1.5,C:DZ 3.0/add 3.0,D:DZ 3.0/add 1.5).ChT,AL,and peripheral refraction data were collected on each subject at baseline,on days 1 and 7 of MFGPCL daily *** was assessed in four quadrants using a spectraldomain optical coherence ***:AL was shortened by-26±44μm with lens C,-18±27μm with lens D,-13±29μm with lens A,and-8±30μm with lens B(all Plens A:+6±6μm,B:+3±7μm,C:+8±7μm,and D:+8±7μm).temporal and superior choroid exhibited more choroidal thickening associated with *** designs induced significant relative peripheral myopia(RPM)beyond the central 20o across the horizontal meridian in both nasal and temporal fields(Pted with significant increase in RPM after short-term *** reliability and feasibility of quantifying short-term changes in ChT support its use as a promising marker for the long-term efficacy of myopia-controlling treatments.

关键词： choroid gas-permeable contact lens retinal defocus axial length myopia

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