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A hierarchical path-segmentation movement ecology framework

Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 787-801页

作者： wayne m.getz Department of Environmental Sciences University of CaliforniaBerkeley 94708CAUSA School of mathematical Sciences University of KwaZulu-NatalDurbanSouth Africa

This paper lays out a hierarchical,appropriate-complexity framework for conceptualizing movement-path segments at different spatiotemporal scales in a way that facilitates comparative analyses and bridges behavior and mathematical *** then outlines a process for generating a multimode,multiscale stochastic simulation model that can be used to test animal movement hypotheses and make predictions of movement responses to management and global *** methods for analyzing movement data begin by generating step-length(SL)and turning-angle(TA)distributions from relocation time-series data,some of which are linked to ecological,landscape,and environmental *** frequency at which these data are collected may vary from sub-seconds to several *** kinds of questions that may be asked of these data,however,are very much scale *** hierarchical path-segmentation(HPS)framework presented here clarifies how the scale at which SL and TA data are collected relates to other sub-and super-diel *** arise because the information contained in SL and TA time series are often not directly relatable to the physiological,ecological,and sociological factors that drive the structure of movement paths at longer *** difficulties are overcome by anchoring the classification of movement types around the concept of fixed-period(24 h)diel activity routines and providing a bridge between behavioral/ecological and stochastic-walk concepts(means,variances,correlations,individual-state and local environmental covariates).This bridge is achieved through the generation of relatively short segments conceived as characteristic sequences of fundamental movement *** short segments are then used to characterize longer canonical-activity-mode segments that emerge through movement at behaviorally relevant sub-diel *** thus provides a novel system for integrating sub-minute movement sequences into canonical activity modes(CAms)that,i

关键词： Hierarchical path segmentation(HPS) Fundamental movement elements(FumEs) Canonical activity modes(CAms) Diel activity routines(DARs) Life-history movement phases(LimPS) multi-CAm metaFumE markov(m-cubed)models Biased correlated random walk models

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遗传亲属辨认:蜜蜂辨别全姊妹和半姊妹

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养蜂科技 2002年第6期 32-32页

作者：颜伟玉饶波 wayne m.getz Katherine B.Smith 江西农业大学动科院 330045

以前没遇到的生物体认识亲属的能力已在猴子、老鼠、青蛙和蜜蜂中得到证明。辨认的环境和遗传组成甚至在控制的环境下也很难分开。这里我们证实了西方蜜蜂能辨别在同一群的同一子脾相邻的巢房中长大的全姊妹和半姊妹，因此证明了认识过... 详细信息

以前没遇到的生物体认识亲属的能力已在猴子、老鼠、青蛙和蜜蜂中得到证明。辨认的环境和遗传组成甚至在控制的环境下也很难分开。这里我们证实了西方蜜蜂能辨别在同一群的同一子脾相邻的巢房中长大的全姊妹和半姊妹，因此证明了认识过程的显著遗传组成。除了其生态学暗示外，这种认识还暗示了膜翅目中不能生育工蜂群体的进化。……

关键词：遗传亲属辨认蜜蜂全姊妹半姊妹辨别技术

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Heterogeneity of mature oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1336-1349页

作者： Chao Weng Adam m.R.Groh moein Yaqubi Qiao-Ling Cui Jo Anne Stratton G.R.wayne moore Jack P.Antel Neuroimmunology Unit Montreal Neurological Institute-HospitalDepartment of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada Department of Neurology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

mature oligodendrocytes form myelin sheaths that are crucial for the insulation of axons and efficient signal transmission in the central nervous *** evidence has challenged the classical view of the functionally static mature oligodendrocyte and revealed a gamut of dynamic functions such as the ability to modulate neuronal circuitry and provide metabolic support to *** the recognition of potential heterogeneity in mature oligodendrocyte function,a comprehensive summary of mature oligodendrocyte diversity is *** delve into early 20th-century studies by Robertson and Río-Hortega that laid the foundation for the modern identification of regional and morphological heterogeneity in mature ***,recent morphologic and functional studies call into question the long-assumed homogeneity of mature oligodendrocyte function through the identification of distinct subtypes with varying myelination ***,modern molecular investigations,employing techniques such as single cell/nucleus RNA sequencing,consistently unveil at least six mature oligodendrocyte subpopulations in the human central nervous system that are highly transcriptomically diverse and vary with central nervous system *** and disease related mature oligodendrocyte variation denotes the impact of pathological conditions such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and psychiatric ***,caution is warranted when subclassifying mature oligodendrocytes because of the simplification needed to make conclusions about cell identity from temporally confined *** studies leveraging advanced techniques like spatial transcriptomics and single-cell proteomics promise a more nuanced understanding of mature oligodendrocyte *** research avenues that precisely evaluate mature oligodendrocyte heterogeneity with care to understand the mitigating influence of species,sex,central nervous system region,age,and disease,

关键词： aging central nervous system diseases electron microscopy heterogeneity immunohistochemistry myelin sheath natural history neuroglia oligodendroglia single-cell gene expression analysis

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以包容的空间塑造面向未来的潜力2024密斯凡德罗奖

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艺术与设计 2024年第4期292卷 120-123页

作者：黄巍锋不详

作为欧盟重要的建筑奖项,自1988年始的密斯凡德罗奖(mies van der Rohe Awards)上个月公布了今年的获奖建筑项目。作为表彰欧洲当代优秀建筑的大奖,今年的密斯凡德罗奖建筑奖(Architecture Prize)获奖项目德国布伦瑞克工业大学研究馆(St... 详细信息

作为欧盟重要的建筑奖项,自1988年始的密斯凡德罗奖(mies van der Rohe Awards)上个月公布了今年的获奖建筑项目。作为表彰欧洲当代优秀建筑的大奖,今年的密斯凡德罗奖建筑奖(Architecture Prize)获奖项目德国布伦瑞克工业大学研究馆(Study Pavilion on the campus of the Technical University of Braunschweig,Germany)和新兴建筑奖(Emerging Architecture Prize)获奖项目巴塞罗那加夫列尔·加西亚·马尔克斯图书馆(Gabriel García márquez Library in Barcelona),分别由常驻柏林的建筑师古斯塔夫·杜辛(Gustav Düsing)、马克斯·哈克(max Hacke),以及创建于马德里的SUmA建筑事务所(SUmA Arquitectura)所建造。欧盟委员会和密斯凡德罗基金会的官员称赞获奖建筑“体现了新欧洲包豪斯的原则”,并且强调了“促进包容的重要性”。

关键词：密斯凡德罗建筑事务所获奖项目古斯塔夫空间塑造建筑奖

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Estate planning principles and problems wayne m. Gazur, Robert m. Phillips. 2nd ed.

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2008年

作者： wayne m. Gazur Robert m. Phillips.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN: (纸本)9780735568136

Includes bibliographical references and index.

关键词： Estate planning Tax planning

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Dothiorella vidmadera, a novel species from grapevines in Australia and notes on Spencermartinsia

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Fungal Diversity 2013年第4期61卷 209-219页

作者： wayne m.Pitt Jose RamonÚrbez-Torres Florent P.Trouillas National Wine and Grape Industry Centre School of Agricultural and Wine SciencesCharles Sturt UniversityLocked Bag 588Wagga WaggaNSW 2678Australia Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre 4200 Highway 97Box 5000SummerlandBC V0H1Z0Canada Department of Plant Pathology University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA

Strains of a coelomycete isolated from grapevine cankers in southeastern Australia and identified as Dothiorella iberica in previous studies are redescribed in this study as a novel species based on morphological characters and phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region(ITS1-5.8S-ITS2),and partial sequences of the translation elongation factor 1-αandβ-tubulin *** vidmadera *** most closely related to ***,*** and ***,but differs in morphological characters and DNA *** four species are known to be associated with Botryosphaeria dieback of ***,an unidentified ascomycete isolated from dead wood of grapevines in Western Australia is ***,strains were most closely related to Spencermartinsia viticola,and bore conidia with morphological characters and dimensions consistent with published ***,ascospores were shorter and narrower than previously reported and lacked the terminal apiculi that typify the genus.

关键词： Botryosphaeriaceae Grapevine trunk diseases Grapevine canker multigene phylogeny Taxonomy

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Stem cell therapy for the treatment of Leydig cell dysfunction in primary hypogonadism

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2016年第10期8卷 306-315页

作者： Taylor C Peak Nora m Haney William Wang Kenneth J DeLay wayne J Hellstrom Department of Urology School of MedicineTulane University

The production of testosterone occurs within the Leydig cells of the testes. When production fails at this level from either congenital, acquired, or systemic disorders,the result is primary hypogonadism. While numerous testosterone formulations have been developed, none are yet fully capable of replicating the physiological patterns of testosterone secretion. multiple stem cell therapies to restore androgenic function of the testes are under investigation. Leydig cells derived from bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord, and the testes have shown promise for future therapy for primary hypogonadism. In particular, the discovery and utilization of a group of progenitor stem cells within the testes, known as stem Leydig cells(SLCs), has led not only to a better understanding of testicular development, but of treatment as well. When combining this with an understanding of the mechanisms that lead to Leydig cell dysfunction, researchers and physicians will be able to develop stem cell therapies that target the specific step in the steroidogenic process that is deficient. The current preclinical studies highlight the complex nature of regenerating this steroidogenic process and the problems remain unresolved. In summary, there appears to be two current directions for stem cell therapy in male primary hypogonadism. The first method involves differentiating adult Leydig cells from stem cells of various origins from bone marrow, adipose, or embryonic sources. The second method involves isolating, identifying, and transplanting stem Leydig cells into testicular tissue. Theoretically, in-vivo re-activation of SLCs in men with primary hypogonadism due to age would be another alternative method to treat hypogonadism while eliminating the need for transplantation.

关键词： Stem cell therapy Leydig cells Primary hypogonadism Stem Leydig cells Testosterone Bone marrow-derived stem cells Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells

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How reproductive allocation and flowering probability of individuals in plant populations are affected by position in stand size hierarchy,plant size and CO_(2) regime

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2008年第4期1卷 207-215页

作者： Caroline Brophy David J.Gibson Peter m.wayne John Connolly School of mathematical Sciences Environmental and Ecological Modelling GroupUniversity College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland Department of Plant Biology Center for EcologySouthern Illinois UniversityCarbondaleIL 62901-6509USA Harvard medical School Osher Research Center Landmark Center Suite 22A401 Park DrBostonMA 02215USA

Aims We investigate the effect of position within a size-structured population on the reproductive allocation(RA)and flowering probability of individual plants of Sinapis *** also assess the effects of plant size and changing level of CO_(2) on both *** Sinapis arvensis L.,(field mustard),an annual agricultural weed,was grown in monoculture at six densities under ambient and elevated CO_(2) in a study with 84 *** aboveground biomass and reproductive biomass were *** density produced a wide range of mean plant sizes across stands and size hierarchies within ***(;40%)individuals had zero reproductive *** a novel modelling approach,we analysed the joint effects of position in stand size hierarchy,plant size and CO_(2) on RA and flowering probability of *** Findings We found a strong effect of position within the size hierarchy of individuals in a population:for an individual of a given size,greater size relative to neighbours substantially increased RA and flowering probability at a single harvest *** was no other effect of plant size on *** found a positive effect of elevated CO_(2) on RA regardless of position within the size *** observed patterns could impact doubly on the reproductive biomass(R)of small ***,because RA is not affected by size,smaller plants will have smaller R than larger plants;and second,for smaller plants lower down in a population size hierarchy,their RA and hence R will be further *** results suggest that size relative to neighbours may be independent of and more important than direct abiotic effects in determining *** studies are required to evaluate how these observed patterns generalize to other populations in non-experimental conditions.

关键词： asymmetric competition neighbour effects nonreproducing plants stand effects Sinapis arvensis

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No consistent legacy effects of invasion by giant goldenrod(Solidago gigantea)via soil biota on native plant growth

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2016年第3期9卷 320-327页

作者： Jenifer König mark van Kleunen wayne Dawson Department of Biology University of KonstanzUniversitaetsstrasse 10Konstanz D78457Germany

Aims Changes in soil microbial communities after occupation by invasive alien plants can represent legacy effects of invasion that may limit recolonization and establishment of native plant species in soils previously occupied by the *** this study,for three sites in southern Germany,we investigated whether invasion by giant goldenrod(Solidago gigantea)leads to changes in soil biota that result in reduced growth of native plants compared with neighbouring uninvaded *** We grew four native plant species as a community and treated those plants with soil solutions from invaded or uninvaded soils that were sterilized,or live,with live solutions containing different fractions of the soil biota using a decreasing sieve mesh-size *** measured aboveground biomass of the plants in the communities after a 10-week growth *** FindingsAcross all three sites and regardless of invasion,communities treated withm soil biota or sterilized soil solutions had significantly greater biomass than communities treated with the complete soil biota *** indicates that soil biota>20μm are more pathogenic to the native plants than smaller organisms in these *** all three sites,there was only a non-significant tendency for the native community biomass to differ among soil solution types,depending on whether or not the soil was *** one site showed significant differences in community biomass among soil solution types,depending on whether or not the soil was invaded;community biomass was significantly lower when treated with the complete soil biota solution than with soil biotam or sterilized soil solutions,but only for the invaded *** findings suggest that efforts to restore native communities on soils previously invaded by Solidago gigantea are unlikely to be hindered by changes in soil microbial community composition as a result of previous invasion.

关键词： exotic plants invasive plant impacts plant-soil feedback soil microbes

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Colometer:A real-time quality feedback system for screening colonoscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第32期18卷 4270-4277页

作者： Dobromir Filip Xuexin Gao Leticia Angulo-Rodriguez martin P mintchev Shane m Devlin Alaa Rostom wayne Rosen Christopher N Andrews Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Calgary Calgary AB T2N 1N4 Canada Faculty of medicine University of Calgary Calgary AB T2N 1N4 Canada

AIm:To investigate the performance of a new software-based colonoscopy quality assessment ***:The software-based system employs a novel image processing algorithm which detects the levels of image clarity,withdrawal velocity,and level of the bowel preparation in a real-time fashion from live video *** levels of image blurriness and the withdrawal velocity below which the visualization could be considered adequate have initially been determined arbitrarily by review of sample colonoscopy videos by two experienced ***,an overall colonoscopy quality rating was computed based on the percentage of the withdrawal time with adequate visualization(scored 1-5;1,when the percentage was 1%-20%;2,when the percentage was 21%-40%,etc.).In order to test the proposed velocity and blurriness thresholds,screening colonoscopy withdrawal videos from a specialized ambulatory colon cancer screening center were collected,automatically processed and *** ratings on the withdrawal were compared to the insertion in the same ***,3 experienced endoscopists reviewed the collected videos in a blinded fashion and rated the overall quality of each withdrawal(scored 1-5;1,poor;3,average;5,excellent) based on 3 major aspects:image quality,colon preparation,and withdrawal *** automated quality ratings were compared to the averaged endoscopist quality ratings using Spearman correlation ***:Fourteen screening colonoscopies were *** polyps were detected in 4/14(29%) of the collected colonoscopy video *** a proof of concept,the Colometer software rated colonoscope withdrawal as having better visualization than the insertion in the 10 videos which did not have any polyps(average percent time with adequate visualization:79% ± 5% for withdrawal and 50% ± 14% for insertion,P mes during which no polyps were removed ranged from 4-12 *** median quality rating from the automa

关键词： Colonoscopy Quality assurance Quality improvement Withdrawal time Colon cancer Bowel preparation

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