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Fluidization and Transport of Vibrated Granular Matter:A Review of Landmark and Recent Contributions

Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第1期20卷 1-29页

作者： Peter watson Sebastien Vincent Bonnieu Marcello Lappa Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of StrathclydeGlasgowUK European Space Agency European Space Research and Technology CentreNoordwijkNetherland

We present a short retrospective review of the existing literature about the dynamics of(dry)granular matter under the effect of *** main objective is the development of an integrated resource where vital information about past findings and recent discoveries is provided in a single *** attention is paid to those works where successful synthetic routes to as-yet unknown phenomena were *** landmark results are analyzed,while smoothly blending them with a history of the field and introducing possible categorizations of the prevalent *** no classification is perfect,and it is hard to distillate general properties out of specific observations or realizations,two possible ways to interpret the existing results are defined according to the type of forcing or the emerging(ensuing)regime of *** particular,first results concerning the case where vibrations and gravity are concurrent(vertical shaking)are examined,then the companion situation with vibrations perpendicular to gravity(horizontal shaking)is *** classes are introduced as follows:(1)Regimes where sand self-organizes leading to highly regular geometrical“pulsating”patterns(thin layer case);(2)Regimes where the material undergoes“fluidization”and develops an internal multicellular convective state(tick layers case);(3)Regimes where the free interface separating the sand from the overlying gas changes inclination or develops a kind a patterned configuration consisting of stable valleys and mountains or travelling waves;(4)Regimes where segregation is produced,i.e.,particles of a given size tend to be separated from the other grains(deep containers).Where possible,an analogy or parallelism is drawn with respect to the companion field of fluid-dynamics for which the assumption of“continuum”can be applied.

关键词： Granular materials vibrations fluidization flowability symmetry breaking

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Evaluation of a hepatic biomarker of nutritional imbalance in juvenile red drum(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed 60% soybean meal-based diets using NMR-based metabolomics

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 45-61页

作者： Fabio Casu Aaron M.watson Justin Yost T.Gibson Gaylord Daniel W.Bearden Michael R.Denson Marine Resources Research Institute South Carolina Department of Natural Resources Bozeman Fish Technology Center United States Fish and Wildlife Service Marine Biochemical Sciences Group Chemical Sciences Division National Institute of Standards and Technology Hollings Marine Laboratory

A 12-week feeding trial with juvenile red drum(Sciaenops ocellatus) fed high-soybean meal(SBM) diets was conducted to investigate a putative biomarker of nutritional imbalance, N-formimino-L-glutamate(FIGLU). Three fishmeal-free, 60% SBM pelleted diets(named B12, Fol, and Met, respectively) were tested to evaluate the effects on growth performance and tissue metabolite profiles of supplementation of vitamin B12(0.012 mg/kg), folate(10 mg/kg), methionine(1 g/kg) respectively, above basal supplementation levels. A fourth SBM-based diet(named B12/Fol/Met) was formulated with a combination of B12, folate, and methionine to attain the above-mentioned target concentrations. A fifth 60% SBM diet(named FWS) with methionine supplementation(1 g/kg above basal supplementation levels), enriched with taurine, lysine and threonine as well as minerals, was also tested. This diet contained formulation targets and additives which have allowed for replacing fishmeal with plant proteins in rainbow trout feeds. Control diets included a fishmeal-based diet(named FM), an unsupplemented basal 60% SBM diet(named SBM60), and a “natural” diet(named N) made up of equal parts of fish(cigar minnows), squid and shrimp as a positive reference for growth performance. Formulated feeds contained approximately 37% total crude protein, approximately 14% total crude lipid and were energetically balanced. Standard growth performance metrics were measured, and tissues(liver, muscle) were collected at week 12 to evaluate diet-induced metabolic changes using nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)-based *** results show that the FWS diet outperformed all other SBM diets and the FM diet under all performance metrics(P<0.05). FIGLU was not detected in fish fed the N diet but was detected in those fed the SBM diets and the FM diet. Fish fed the FWS diet and the Met diet showed lower hepatic levels of FIGLU compared with the other SBM-based diets(P<0.05), suggesting that among the different supplementatio

关键词： Aquaculture Metabolomics Nuclear magnetic resonance Red drum Soybean meal N-Formimino-L-glutamate

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Healthcare Application:An Analysis of Reception Studies in Interactive Digital Television

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Journalism and Mass Communication 2019年第5期9卷 235-242页

作者： Alexandre Kieling Amanda Caroline Rodrigues élida Borges Jhéssika Almeida watson odilon áulus Diniz Diogo Caetano Kênia Freitas Catholic University BrasíliaBrazil Brasilia University BrasíliaBrazil Communication Paulista State University Julio Mesquita BauruBrazil

This paper presents a healthcare application for Brazilian digital television,its main purposes and its reception tests with end *** is an applied research for testing the scope of the Global ITV project funded by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development(CNPq)and the European community which has developed a hybrid broadband and broadcasting platform.

关键词： interactive digital television TV application healthcare Ginga ecosystem Global ITV project

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系统论、现象学与交叉学科研究——与剑桥大学史蒂文·沃特森的对话

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大学教育科学 2024年第2期 39-49页

作者：张丹 [英]史蒂文·沃特森洪其绿华东师范大学教育学部国际与比较教育研究所华东师范大学全纳教育研究中心上海200062 剑桥大学教育学院剑桥CB28PQ 英国伦敦政经学院伦敦WC2A 2AE

全球学术界日益关注大学教育与研究中的跨学科方法,逐步超越传统学科限制。通过整合社会系统理论和现象学,聚焦交叉学科与跨学科在认知、社会系统和学科关系等方面发挥的重要作用,可为多学科交叉与跨学科研究提供有力方法。卢曼的社会... 详细信息

全球学术界日益关注大学教育与研究中的跨学科方法,逐步超越传统学科限制。通过整合社会系统理论和现象学,聚焦交叉学科与跨学科在认知、社会系统和学科关系等方面发挥的重要作用,可为多学科交叉与跨学科研究提供有力方法。卢曼的社会系统理论重新定义学科,将其视为相互关联的子系统,为多学科交叉与跨学科提供框架;现象学专注主观性,为研究者理解复杂系统提供了开放的研究路径,与系统论相互契合,为交叉学科研究提供全面理解。然而,交叉学科发展面临学术环境转变的挑战,包括培养知识生成的共同精神、创造创新解决问题的环境,以及处理学科边界和学术奖励体系的制度问题。尽管面临挑战,整合社会系统理论和现象学方法在应对21世纪的挑战方面具有潜力,能为理解复杂现实问题提供新途径,为学术界和研究者在未知领域探索提供机遇,值得深入研究和发展。

关键词：系统论交叉学科跨学科研究现象学

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Physico-mechanical characteristics of bast fibres of Sesamum indicum and Sesamum radiatum for bioprospecting

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2022年第4期7卷 306-319页

作者： Ancy S watson Suhara Beevy S Department of Botany University of KeralaThiruvananthapuram 695581KeralaIndia

Natural fibres are renewable,inexpensive and biodegradable sources of sustainable materials from plants or *** fibres,as the notable natural fibres,are gathered from the outer cell layers of the stem of *** and young bast fibres from two species of Sesamum,namely Sesamum indicum *** *** Schumach.&*** extracted through traditional water retting technique and analyzed for their physical,mechanical and chemical *** studies revealed polygon shaped phloem(bast fibre)cells with small lumen were similar to jute,in terms of architecture,and bagasse,in terms of lumen *** extraction and subsequent drying,the young stems of *** were found to yield more bast fibres by mass compared with the rest of the Sesamum samples,that was,0.59 g(dry weight)of bast fibres from 100 g(fresh weight)of *** to stereo microscopic images,the mature *** fibres had rougher edges than the *** *** and *** fibre surfaces also seemed to have pores,according to scanning electron microscopy(SEM)*** porosity appeared to get more pronounced as the plants got *** Sesamum bast fibres were also found to be extremely hydrophilic with a high-water retention *** fibres obtained from *** were determined to be suitable for the textile industry due to their light colour,ideal diameter and length,and water-holding capacity that matched the requirements of fabric *** in the absence of a mordant,the mature fibres showed a significant degree and evenness of Alizarin dye attachment,which might be correlated to the increase in fibre surface roughness with fibre *** fibres were also discovered to be comparable with jute in terms of phloem cell shape(polygonal),diameter(13-15 m),tenacity(12.86-32.54 gf/(g·km-1)),and linear density(2.5-3.3 g/km).It suggested that they might find industrial applications if further research were to be done.

关键词： Sesamum Bast fibre Textile Tensile strength Dyeing Sustainability

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Advances in In Vitro and In Vivo Bioreactor-Based Bone Generation for Craniofacial Tissue Engineering

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Biomedical Engineering Frontiers 2023年第1期4卷 203-216页

作者： Emma watson Antonios G.Mikos Department of Bioengineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX 77030USA

Craniofacial reconstruction requires robust bone of specified geometry for the repair to be both functional and *** native bone from elsewhere in the body can be harvested,shaped,and implanted within a defect,using either an in vitro or in vivo bioreactors eliminates donor site morbidity while increasing the customizability of the generated *** vitro bioreactors utilize cells harvested from the patient,a scaffold,and a device to increase mass transfer of nutrients,oxygen,and waste,allowing for generation of larger viable *** vivo bioreactors utilize the patient’s own body as a source of cells and of nutrient transfer and involve the implantation of a scaffold with or without growth factors adjacent to vasculature,followed by the eventual transfer of vascularized,mineralized tissue to the defect *** different models of in vitro bioreactors exist,and several different implantation sites have been successfully utilized for in vivo tissue generation and defect repair in *** this review,we discuss the specifics of each bioreactor strategy,as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each and the future directions for the engineering of bony tissues for craniofacial defect repair.

关键词： defect implantation utilize

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Longitudinal assessment of liver stiffness by transient elastography for chronic hepatitis C patients

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第17期10卷 5566-5576页

作者： Anya Mezina Arunkumar Krishnan Tinsay A Woreta Kevin B Rubenstein Eric watson Po-Hung Chen Carla Rodriguez-watson Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Johns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21231United States Mid-Atlantic Permanente Research Institute Kaiser Permanente Mid-Atlantic StatesRockville 20852United States Department of Health Policy and Management Bloomberg School of Public HealthJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21287United States Innovation in Medical Evidence Development and Surveillance(IMEDS)Program Reagan-Udall Foundation for the FDAWashington20036United States

BACKGROUND Liver fibrosis is a common pathway of liver injury and is a feature of most chronic liver *** progression varies markedly in patients with hepatitis C virus(HCV).Liver stiffness has been recommended as a parameter of fibrosis progression/regression in patients with *** To investigate changes in liver stiffness measured by transient elastography(TE)in a large,racially diverse cohort of United States patients with chronic hepatitis C(CHC).METHODS We evaluated the differences in liver stiffness between patients treated with direct-acting antiviral(DAA)therapy and untreated *** had≥2 TE measurements and no prior DAA *** used linear regression to measure the change in liver stiffness between first and last TE in response to treatment,controlling for age,sex,race,diabetes,smoking status,human immunodeficiency virus status,baseline alanine aminotransferase,and baseline liver *** regression models analyzed the change in liver stiffness as measured by kPa,stratified by cirrhosis *** Of 813 patients,419(52%)initiated DAA *** liver stiffness was 12 kPa in 127(16%).Median time between first and last TE was 11.7 and 12.7 mo among treated and untreated patients,*** was no significant change in liver stiffness observed over time in either the group initiating DAA treatment(0.016 kPa/month;CI:-0.051,0.084)or in the untreated group(0.001 kPa/mo;CI:-0.090,0.092),controlling for covariates.A higher baseline kPa score was independently associated with decreased liver *** DAA treatment was not associated with a differential change in liver stiffness over time in patients with CHC compared to untreated patients.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis C Liver stiffness Cirrhosis Transient elastography Direct-acting antiviral therapy

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The moderating effect of physical activity on the relationship between bullying and mental health among sexual and gender minority youth

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第1期12卷 106-115页

作者： Sally J.Kirklewski Ryan J.watson Carolyn Lauckner Department of Health Promotion and Behavior University of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA Human Development and Family Sciences University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269 USA Department of Behavioral Science University of Kentucky College of MedicineUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40506USA

Background:Sexual and gender minority youth frequently experience bullying,which often contributes to higher depressive symptoms and lower *** that physical activity(PA)can mitigate depressive symptoms and improve self-esteem,we examined the moderating effect of PA on the relationship between bullying and mental health among sexual and gender minority ***:Data from the Lesbian,Gay,Bisexual,Transgender,and Queer National Teen Survey(n=9890)were *** regression analyses examined the influence of history and frequency of being bullied,PA,and the interaction of these variables on depressive symptoms and *** slopes analyses were used to probe significant ***:Results indicated the importance of accounting for bullying history when examining effects of PA on mental *** was negatively related to depression(t=-4.18,p<0.001)and positively related to self-esteem(t=12.11,p<0.001).Bullying frequency was positively related to depression(t=19.35,p<0.001)and negatively related to self-esteem(t=-12.46,p<0.001).There was a significant interaction between bullying frequency and PA for depression(t=4.45,p<0.001)and self-esteem(t=-4.69,p<0.001).Post hoc analyses suggested that the positive effects of PA on mental health may be limited to those not bullied because it had a negligible effect on those who were ***:Results suggest that sexual and gender minority youth exercise interventions aiming to improve mental health should first address bullying history;otherwise,their effectiveness may be limited to those who have been bullied.

关键词： Bullying Depression Exercise LGBTQ Self-esteem Youth

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Associations between meeting 24-hour movement guidelines and academic achievement in Australian primary school-aged children

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第4期11卷 521-529页

作者： Amanda watson Dorothea Dumuid Carol Maher Tim Olds Alliance for Research in Exercise Nutrition and Activity(ARENA)Allied Health and Human PerformanceUniversity of South AustraliaAdelaideSA5001Australia

Background:Few studies have investigated associations between academic achievement and meeting recommendations from the 24-hour(24-h)movement *** specific guidelines associated with the most benefit academic achievement are *** both self-report and objective movement data,this study examined associations between academic achievement and meeting individual recommendations and combinations of recommendations from the 24-h movement guidelines(sleep,physical activity,and screen time).Methods:Data from CheckPoint,a cross-sectional study nested between Waves 6 and 7 of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children,were *** behaviors were measured using 24-h wrist-worn accelerometry(GENEActiv(Activinsights,Kimbolton,UK))and were selfreported by children using the Multimedia Activity Recall for Children and *** achievement was measured using a nationally administered standardized test in literacy and *** of covariance,with t tests with sequential Bonferroni adjustments,was used to compare academic achievement with all possible combinations of meeting recommendations,adjusting for demographic *** models were considered:guideline compliance assessed by self-report(n=1270,mean age=11.99 years,52%males)and by accelerometry(for moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity(MVPA)and sleep))and self-report(screen time)in combination(n=927,mean age=11.97 years,52%males).Results:Literacy achievement significantly differed based on self-report(F_((7,1258))=3.08,p=0.003)and accelerometer derived(F_((7,915))=2.40,p=0.02)guideline *** achievement significantly differed based on self-report(F_((7,1258))=2.92,p=0.005)but not accelerometer derived guideline compliance(F_((7,915))=0.80,p=0.58).When assessed by self-report,children who met all guidelines(t_((334))=-4.05,p=0.0001)or met the screen time and sleep guidelines in combination(t_((125))=-5.02,p<0.001)had superior literacy ***

关键词： Academic achievement Physical activity Sedentary behavior Sleep

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Coupling physics in machine learning to investigate the solution behavior of binary Mg alloys

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第10期10卷 2817-2832页

作者： Tao Chen Qian Gao Yuan Yuan Tingyu Li Qian Xi Tingting Liu Aitao Tang Andy watson Fusheng Pan National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium Alloys College of Materials Science and EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400000PR China State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmissions College of Materials Science and EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400000PR China Faculty of Materials and Energy Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715PR China Hampton Thermodynamics Hampton TW121NLUnited Kingdom

The solution behavior of a second element in the primary phase(α(Mg))is important in the design of high-performance *** this work,three sets of features have been collected:a)interaction features of solutes and Mg obtained from first-principles calculation,b)intrinsic physical properties of the pure elements and c)structural *** on the maximum solid solubility values,the solution behavior of elements inα(Mg)are classified into four types,e.g.,miscible,soluble,sparingly-soluble and *** machine learning approach,including random forest and decision tree algorithm methods,is performed and it has been found that four features,e.g.,formation energy,electronegativity,non-bonded atomic radius,and work function,can together determine the classification of the solution behavior of an element inα(Mg).The mathematical correlations,as well as the physical relationships among the selected features have been *** model can also be applied to other systems following minor modifications of the defined features,if required.

关键词： Mg alloys Solid solubility Machine learning First-principles calculation Diagrammatic method

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