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A New Kind of Atomic Force Microscopy Scan Control Enabled by Artificial Intelligence:Concept for Achieving Tip and Sample Safety Through Asymmetric Control

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2024年第2期7卷 50-59页

作者： Johannes Degenhardt Mohammed wassim Bounaim Nan Deng Rainer Tutsch Gaoliang Dai Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Bundesallee 10038116 BrunswickGermany Institut Für Prozessmess-und Sensortechnik Technische Universität Ilmenau EhrenbergstraBe 2998693 IlmenauGermany Institute of Production Metrology TU Braunschweig SchleinitzstraBe 2038106 BrunswickGermany

This paper introduces a paradigm shift in atomic force microscope(AFM)scan control,leveraging an artificial intelligence(AI)-based *** contrast to conventional control methods,which either show a limited performance,such as proportional integral differential(PID)control,or which purely focus on mathematical optimality as classical optimal control approaches,our proposed AI approach redefines the objective of control for achieving practical *** presented AI controller minimizes the root-mean-square control deviations in routine scans by a factor of about 4 compared to PID control in the presented setup and also showcases a distinctive asymmetric response in complex situations,prioritizing the safety of the AFM tip and sample instead of the lowest possible control *** development and testing of the AI control concept are performed on simulated AFM scans,demonstrating its huge potential.

关键词： Atomic force microscopy Artificial intelligence Deep reinforcement learning Optimal control

Cardiac differentiation is modulated by anti-apoptotic signals in murine embryonic stem cells

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第5期16卷 551-559页

作者： Amani Yehya Joseph Azar Mohamad Al-Fares Helene Boeuf wassim Abou-Kheir Dana Zeineddine Ola Hadadeh Department of Anatomy Cell Biology and Physiological SciencesAmerican University of BeirutBeirut 1107-2020Lebanon Inserm BiotisU1026University BordeauxBordeaux F-33000France Rammal Rammal Lab Physio-Toxicity Environmental TeamFaculty of SciencesLebanese UniversityNabatieh 0000Lebanon

BACKGROUND Embryonic stem cells(ESCs)serve as a crucial ex vivo model,representing epiblast cells derived from the inner cell mass of blastocyst-stage *** exhibit a unique combination of self-renewal potency,unlimited proliferation,and *** latter is evident by the ability of the isolated cells to differ-entiate spontaneously into multiple cell lineages,representing the three primary embryonic germ *** regulatory networks guide ESCs,directing their self-renewal and lineage-specific ***,or programmed cell death,emerges as a key event involved in sculpting and forming various organs and structures ensuring proper embryonic ***-ever,the molecular mechanisms underlying the dynamic interplay between diffe-rentiation and apoptosis remain poorly *** To investigate the regulatory impact of apoptosis on the early differentiation of ESCs into cardiac cells,using mouse ESC(mESC)models-mESC-B-cell lym-phoma 2(BCL-2),mESC-PIM-2,and mESC-metallothionein-1(MET-1)-which overexpress the anti-apoptotic genes Bcl-2,Pim-2,and Met-1,*** mESC-T2(wild-type),mESC-BCL-2,mESC-PIM-2,and mESC-MET-1 have been used to assess the effect of potentiated apoptotic signals on cardiac *** hanging drop method was adopted to generate embryoid bodies(EBs)and induce terminal differentiation of *** size of the generated EBs was measured in each condition compared to the wild *** the functional level,the percentage of cardiac differentiation was measured by calculating the number of beating cardiomyocytes in the manipulated mESCs compared to the *** the molecular level,quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to assess the mRNA expression of three cardiac markers:Troponin T,GATA4,and ***,troponin T protein expression was evaluated through immunofluorescence and western blot *** Our findings showed that the upregulation of Bcl-

关键词： Mouse embryonic stem cells Self-renewal Apoptosis Cardiac differentiation B-cell lymphoma 2 PIM-2 Metallothionein-1

Tissue-specific cancer stem/progenitor cells:Therapeutic implications

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2023年第5期15卷 323-341页

作者： Amani Yehya Joe Youssef Sana Hachem Jana Ismael wassim Abou-Kheir Department of Anatomy Cell Biology and Physiological SciencesAmerican University of BeirutBeirut 1107-2020Lebanon

Surgical resection,chemotherapy,and radiation are the standard therapeutic modalities for treating *** approaches are intended to target the more mature and rapidly dividing cancer ***,they spare the relatively quiescent and intrinsically resistant cancer stem cells(CSCs)subpopulation residing within the tumor ***,a temporary eradication is achieved and the tumor bulk tends to revert supported by CSCs'resistant *** on their unique expression profile,the identification,isolation,and selective targeting of CSCs hold great promise for challenging treatment failure and reducing the risk of cancer ***,targeting CSCs is limited mainly by the irrelevance of the utilized cancer models.A new era of targeted and personalized anti-cancer therapies has been developed with cancer patient-derived organoids(PDOs)as a tool for establishing pre-clinical tumor ***,we discuss the updated and presently available tissue-specific CSC markers in five highly occurring solid ***,we highlight the advantage and relevance of the threedimensional PDOs culture model as a platform for modeling cancer,evaluating the efficacy of CSC-based therapeutics,and predicting drug response in cancer patients.

关键词： Cancer stem cells Therapy resistance Tissue-specific cancer stem cell markers Patient-derived organoids Pre-clinical cancer models

Molecular mechanisms targeting drug-resistance and metastasis in colorectal cancer:Updates and beyond

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第9期29卷 1395-1426页

作者： Samar Al Bitar Marwan El-Sabban Samer Doughan wassim Abou-Kheir Department of Anatomy Cell Biology and Physiological SciencesAmerican University of BeirutBeirut 1107-2020Lebanon Department of Surgery American University of Beirut Medical CenterBeirut 1107-2020Lebanon

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most diagnosed malignancy and a major leading cause of cancer-related deaths *** advances in therapeutic regimens,the number of patients presenting with metastatic CRC(mCRC)is increasing due to resistance to therapy,conferred by a small population of cancer cells,known as cancer stem *** therapies have been highly successful in prolonging the overall survival of patients with *** are being developed to target key molecules involved in drug-resistance and metastasis of CRC,and these include vascular endothelial growth factor,epidermal growth factor receptor,human epidermal growth factor receptor-2,mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase,in addition to immune ***,there are several ongoing clinical trials of newly developed targeted agents,which have shown considerable clinical efficacy and have improved the prognosis of patients who do not benefit from conventional *** this review,we highlight recent developments in the use of existing and novel targeted agents against drug-resistant CRC and ***,we discuss limitations and challenges associated with targeted therapy and strategies to combat intrinsic and acquired resistance to these therapies,in addition to the importance of implementing better preclinical models and the application of personalized therapy based on predictive biomarkers for treatment selection.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Metastatic colorectal cancer Targeted therapy Drugresistance Personalized medicine

Feasibility of Solar Tracking System for PV Panel in Sunbelt Region

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2021年第2期9卷 395-403页

作者： Soulayman Soulayman Mohamad Hamoud Mohamad-Amir Hababa wassim Sabbagh the Department of Applied Physics Higher Institute for Applied Sciences and TechnologyDamascusP O Box 31983Syria

In the study of the feasibility of solar tracking systems for crystalline silicon photovoltaic(PV)panels in hot and cold regions,it is argued recently that a tracking system is not necessary for sunbelt countries owing to the overheating that results from excessive exposure to solar *** conclusion has been formulated based on a mathematical model,which in turn is based on the assumption that the PV module temperature can be calculated using an empirical relation of this temperature to ambient temperature,available solar irradiance,and nominal operation cell temperature(NOCT).To support this conclusion,it is claimed that the mathematical model is validated ***,this assumption is vague and widely used in the *** objective of the present work is to reevaluate the above-mentioned assumption and to discuss the results deriving from *** is shown experimentally in the present work that the above-mentioned assumption overestimates the PV module *** a solar irradiance of 900 W/m2,ambient temperature of 25℃,and wind speed of 5 m/s,the measured PV module temperature is lower than the value calculated based on the mentioned assumption by 29.26%.

关键词： Photovoltaic(PV)module temperature wind speed influence PV module efficiency experimental verification Damascus clear-sky conditions

Drug resistance in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer:an update on the status quo

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2022年第3期5卷 667-690页

作者： Amani Yehya Fatima Ghamlouche Amin Zahwe Yousef Zeid Kevork Wakimian Deborah Mukherji wassim Abou-Kheir Department of Anatomy Cell Biology and Physiological SciencesFaculty of MedicineAmerican University of BeirutBeirut 1107-2020Lebanon Division of Hematology/Oncology Faculty of MedicineAmerican University of Beirut Medical CenterBeirut 1107-2020Lebanon

Prostate cancer(PCa)is a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality in men *** improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of PCa,a significant proportion of patients with high-risk localized disease and all patients with advanced disease at diagnosis will experience progression to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer(mCRPC).Multiple drugs are now approved as the standard of care treatments for patients with mCRPC that have been shown to prolong *** the majority of patients will respond initially,primary and secondary resistance to these therapies make mCRPC an incurable *** molecular mechanisms underlie the development of mCRPC,with the androgen receptor(AR)axis being the main driver as well as the key drug *** resistance mechanisms is crucial for discovering novel therapeutic strategies to delay or reverse the progression of the *** this review,we address the diverse mechanisms of drug resistance in *** addition,we shed light on emerging targeted therapies currently being tested in clinical trials with promising potential to overcome mCRPC-drug resistance.

关键词： Prostate cancer mCRPC androgen receptor drug resistance novel targeted therapeutics

Ownership Structure,National Institutions and Digital Service Innovation:A Configuration Perspective of Global Telecom Operators

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Ownership Structure,National Institutions and Digital Servic...

作者： JALIL wassim 北京邮电大学

学位级别：硕士

Existing literature explores the determinants of digital service innovation(DSI)from various perspectives,including country,industry,and firm factors,*** than a list of independent and distinct conditions,the determinants of DSI are more like a complex network of these *** the existing literature has not answered the question of what kind of ownership structure leads to high DSI under various national *** advance a configuration perspective that acknowledges the fit between ownership structure,national institutions,and *** a sample of 33 telecom operators across 11 countries,and by using fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis,the findings show that high DSI depends on a complex configuration of combinations of ownership structure,national institutions,and firm *** findings highlight the multiple context-dependent paths,which link ownership structure to high digital service *** a result,this work provides both scholars and practitioners with fresh theoretical and empirical insights,as well as consequences for both groups.

关键词： Digital service innovation Telecom operators National institutions Ownership structure Qualitative comparative analysis

Deposition of Phosphate Nanoparticles onto Textile Fabrics via Sol-gel Method and Their Kinetics Desorption Studies

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2020年第5期36卷 877-884页

作者： Mohamed El messoudi Aicha BOUKHRISS Laila SADALLAH Laila SAJID M'hamed El KOUALI Said GMOUH Laboratory REMTEX ESITHHigher School of Textile and Clothing Industties(ESITH)Kni8Route d'EL JADIDACasablancaMorocco Laboratory LIN1AT Faculty of Sciences Ben M'SikHassan II University of CasablancaB.P 5366 KiaarifCasablancaMorocco Laboratory LCAPCM Faculty of Sciences Ben M'SikHassan II Universityof CasablancaB.P 5366 MaarifCasablancaMorocco Laboratory L3GIE Mohamntadia School of EngineersMohammad V UniversityBP.765 Av.Ibn SinaAgdalRabatMorocco Laboratory LEC Higher School of Textile and Clothing Industries(ESITH)Km 8Route d'EL JADIDACasablancaMorocco

In this paper,phosphate nanoparticles were coated on cotton(CO)and polyester(PES)textile surfaces by sol-gel method using tetraethylorthosilicate(TEOS)and chloropropyltriethoxysilane(CPTS)as silica *** deposited nanoparticles were observed with scanning electronic microscopy energv-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(SEM-EDX).The release kinetics of phosphorus(P)from these textiles into the aqueous medium(Aq),acid(Ac),and basic(Ba)artificial sweats were then *** released amount of phosphorus was evaluated by the inductively coupled plasma(ICP)according to ISO NF EN 16711-2 *** results revealed that the release of P into the aqueous medium is lower than in the artificial *** kinetics data[the phosphoras desorption amount(mg/g)as a iunction of time]were modeled according to five models:the first order,the second order,the third order,simple Elovich and parabolic *** suitable model was chosen based on the coefficient of determination(R2)and the calculation of the sum of the absolute errors(EABS),which describes the error between the theoretical and experimental *** observations were also carried out on the fabrics after desorption in order to show the impact of desorption on their ***,the impact of P release on the tensile strength of CO and PES fabrics was investigated using a uniaxial tensile *** thennal stability of all samples before and after desorption was assessed by thermogravimetric aiialysis(ATG).

关键词： Sol-gel Coating Kinetic Desorption Phospliate nanoparticle

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面向边缘智能的两阶段对抗知识迁移方法

软件学报 2022年第12期33卷 4504-4516页

作者：钱亚冠马骏何念念王滨顾钊铨凌祥 wassim Swaileh 浙江科技学院大数据学院浙江杭州310023 杭州海康威视网络与信息安全实验室浙江杭州310052 广州大学网络空间先进技术研究院广东广州510006 浙江大学计算机科学与技术学院浙江杭州310058 CY Cergy Paris University ETIS Research LaboratoryParis 95032

对抗样本的出现,对深度学习的鲁棒性提出了挑战.随着边缘智能的兴起,如何在计算资源有限的边缘设备上部署鲁棒的精简深度学习模型,是一个有待解决的问题.由于精简模型无法通过常规的对抗训练获得良好的鲁棒性,提出两阶段对抗知识迁移的... 详细信息

对抗样本的出现,对深度学习的鲁棒性提出了挑战.随着边缘智能的兴起,如何在计算资源有限的边缘设备上部署鲁棒的精简深度学习模型,是一个有待解决的问题.由于精简模型无法通过常规的对抗训练获得良好的鲁棒性,提出两阶段对抗知识迁移的方法,先将对抗知识从数据向模型迁移,然后将复杂模型获得的对抗知识向精简模型迁移.对抗知识以对抗样本的数据形式蕴含,或以模型决策边界的形式蕴含.具体而言,利用云平台上的GPU集群对复杂模型进行对抗训练,实现对抗知识从数据向模型迁移;利用改进的蒸馏技术将对抗知识进一步从复杂模型向精简模型的迁移,最后提升边缘设备上精简模型的鲁棒性.在MNIST,CIFAR-10和CIFAR-100这3个数据集上进行验证,实验结果表明:提出的这种两阶段对抗知识迁移方法可以有效地提升精简模型的性能和鲁棒性,同时加快训练过程的收敛性.

关键词：对抗样本对抗训练知识迁移知识蒸馏