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Influence of rangeland protection and seasonal grazing on aboveground vegetation,forage quality and weight gain of small ruminants–a study in Thar Desert,Pakistan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第2期20卷 403-414页

作者： ISLAM Muhammad razzaq Abdul HASSAN Sawsan ZUBAIR Muhammad KALROO Muhammad waseem KHAN Attaullah GUL Shamim AHMAD Sarfraz RISCHKOWSKY Barbara Ann LOUHAICHI Mounir International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas(ICARDA) South AsiaIslamabad 44050Pakistan Animal Science Division Pakistan Agricultural Research CouncilIslamabad 44050Pakistan International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas(ICARDA) Amman 11185Jordan Department of Forestry and Range Management Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan 66000Pakistan PARC-Arid Zone Research Institute Umerkot 69100Pakistan Department of Botany University of BalochistanQuetta 87300Pakistan Department of Natural Resource Sciences McGill UniversityQuebec H9X3V9Canada Natural Resource Division Pakistan Agricultural Research CouncilIslamabad 44050Pakistan International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas(ICARDA) SSAILRI campusAddis Ababa 5689Ethiopia International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas(ICARDA) Tunis 1004Tunisia

The Thar Desert,Sindh,Pakistan is characterized by low ***,economy is based on agriculture,livestock and mining,nevertheless,livestock graze freely on public and private *** aim of this research was to determine biomass production and to evaluate the effects of continuous and seasonal grazing on protected and unprotected plots.A 45 ha protected rangeland area of Hurrabad in the Umerkot Thar desert was selected and divided into three blocks of 15 ha *** of the same size were also established in unprotected *** data for vegetation biomass,canopy cover,forage nutrients and weight gain of animals in two seasons(spring and summer)was collected from both protected and unprotected *** results showed that biomass significantly increased in summer in both ***,the biomass values in protected sites were significantly ***,the vegetation cover also seemed to increase in summer in both protected(90.7%±0.29%)and unprotected sites(39.2%±0.09%).The foliar concentrations of all nutrients varied significantly with *** average final live-weight gain for does on the protected grazing sites during the 42-day period in spring and the 96 days after the monsoon was almost double that of does grazing on the unprotected site during 2016 and 2017(P<0.05).The study concludes that the protection of grazing lands during certain periods can lead to better production of vegetation and livestock and improve range conditions.

关键词： Rangeland productivity Seasonal grazing Stocking rate Thar Desert Vegetation quality

Improved tabledng behavior of paracetamol in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone additive: Effect of mixing conditions

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Particuology 2019年第2期17卷 9-18页

作者： Ayuk Agbor Rose waseem Kaialy School of Pharmacy Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Wolverhampton Wolverhampton WV1 1LY UK

Monoclinic paracetamol (PA) is notorious as a poorly compactible model drug. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is a polymer that can act as an effective binder to improve the mechanical properties of PA. It is surprising however that the role of mixing conditions on the physicochemical and mechanical properties of PA-PVP mixtures has not been reported previously. The results of this work showed that PA-PVP mixtures containing 5%(w/w) PVP prepared using high energy mixing conditions had considerably smaller particle size distributions and higher cohesivities than mixtures prepared using low energy mixing conditions. Solid-state analysis did not detect any change in the monoclinic crystalline form of PA after mixing with PVP. The following rank order of tabletability for PA-PVP mixtures was obtained according to the mixing condition: low shear-medium shear< dry high shear< wet high shear< high-speed homogenization. A higher level of hydrogen bonding was detected in the mixtures prepared via high energy mixing conditions than in those prepared using low energy mixing conditions. Mixing is therefore a critical process that needs to be optimized during the preparation of in teractive mixtures for tableting.

关键词： Direct compression Interactive mixtures Hydrogen bonding Mechanical properties Physicochemical properties Tableting

Natural resource scarcity,fossil fuel energy consumption,and total greenhouse gas emissions in top emitting countries

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第2期15卷 85-99页

作者： Jiannan Wang waseem Azam College of Economics and Management South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina Groupe Ecole de Commerce de Lyon LyonFrance Institute Supérieur de l’Environnement-ISE LYON France

Natural resource scarcity,fossil fuel energy consumption,and total greenhouse gas emissions are critical issues that require immediate *** the global population steadily increasing and economies expanding,the demand for natural resources,particularly fossil fuels,has experienced an unprecedented *** surge in consumption is directly linked to the alarming rise in greenhouse gas *** study examines the nexus between agricultural nitrous oxide emissions and natural resource scarcity,taking into account the dynamics of agriculture,forestry,fishing value addition,fossil fuels,and total greenhouse gas emissions in top-emitting countries between 1971 and *** resource scarcity positively correlates with agriculture,forestry,fishing,fossil fuel energy consumption,and total greenhouse gas *** is a decrease in natural resource scarcity in countries that emit agricultural nitrous oxide,forestry,fishing emissions,fossil fuel energy consumption,and greenhouse gas ***-makers may promote sustainable development,mitigate climate change,and ensure the longterm viability of agricultural systems by addressing the dynamics of agriculture,forestry,and fishing value addition in top-emitting *** strategic policy interventions,supported by technology transfer,capacity building,and market-based instruments,the agricultural,forestry,and fishing sector can achieve a more sustainable future while addressing the challenges of natural resource scarcity.

关键词： Resource scarcity Non-renewable energy CO_(2)emissions Top-emitting countries

Estimation of Cloud Node Acquisition

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2014年第1期19卷 1-12页

作者： waseem Ahmed Yongwei Wu Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology (TNLIST) Tsinghua University Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen

Over the past decade, there has been a paradigm shift leading consumers and enterprises to the adoption of cloud computing services. Even though most cases are still in the early stages of transition, there has been a steady increase in the implementation of the pay-as-you-go or pay-as-you-grow models offered by cloud providers. Whether applied as an extension of virtual infrastructure, software, or platform as a service, many users are still challenged by the estimation of adequate resource allocation and the wide variations in pricing. Customers require a simple method of predicting future demand in terms of the number of nodes to be allocated in the cloud environment. In this paper, we review and discuss existing methodologies for estimating the demand for cloud nodes and their corresponding pricing policies. Based on our review, we propose a novel approach using the Hidden Markov Model to estimate the acquisition of cloud nodes.

关键词： cloud computing resource allocation hidden states probability distribution

TRUSED:A Trust-Based Security Evaluation Scheme for A Distributed Control System

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 4381-4398页

作者： Saqib Ali Raja waseem Anwar Sultan Qaboos University Muscat123Sultanate of OMAN Arab Open University Muscat130Sultanate of OMAN

Distributed control systems(DCS)have revolutionized the communication process and attracted more interest due to their pervasive computing nature(cyber/physical),their monitoring capabilities and the benefits they ***,due to distributed communication,flexible network topologies and lack of central control,the traditional security strategies are inadequate formeeting the unique characteristics ***,malicious and untrustworthy nodes pose a significant threat during the formation of a DCS ***-based secure systems not only monitor and track the behavior of the nodes but also enhance the security by identifying and isolating the malicious node,which reduces the risk and increases network *** this research,we offer TRUSED,a trust-based security evaluation scheme that both,directly and indirectly,estimates each node’s level of trustworthiness,incorporating the cumulative trust *** addition,simulation results show that the proposed technique can effectively identify malicious nodes,determine their node’s trustworthiness rating,and improve the packet delivery ratio.

关键词： Malicious network lifetime risk management security trust untrustworthy

A probabilistic model of quantum states for classical data security

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Frontiers of physics 2023年第5期18卷 281-292页

作者： Muhammad waseem Hafiz Seong Oun Hwang Department of IT Convergence Engineering Gachon UniversitySeongnam 13120South Korea Department of Computer Engineering Gachon UniversitySeongnam 13120South Korea

The phenomenal progress of quantum information theory over the last decade has substantially broadened the potential to simulate the superposition of states for exponential speedup of quantum algorithms over their classical ***,the conventional and modern cryptographic standards(encryption and authentication)are susceptible to Shor’s and Grover’s algorithms on quantum *** significant improvement in technology permits consummate levels of data protection by encoding classical data into small quantum states that can only be utilized once by leveraging the capabilities of quantum-assisted classical *** the frequent data breaches and increasingly stringent privacy legislation,we introduce a hybrid quantum-classical model to transform classical data into unclonable states,and we experimentally demonstrate perfect state transfer to exemplify the classical *** alleviate implementation complexity,we propose an arbitrary quantum signature scheme that does not require the establishment of entangled states to authenticate users in order to transmit and receive arbitrated states to retrieve classical *** consequences of the probabilistic model indicate that the quantum-assisted classical framework substantially enhances the performance and security of digital data,and paves the way toward real-world applications.

关键词： information security quantum-classical cryptography quantum information processing quantum spin states spin-1/2 algebra user authentication

Flow-injection Determination of Cysteine,N-Acetyl Cysteine and Glutathione in Pharmaceuticals via Potassium Ferricyanide-Fe(Ⅲ) Spectrophotometric System

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2010年第6期26卷 893-898页

作者： waseem Amir YAQOOB Mohammad NABI Abdul Department of Chemistry COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Department of Chemistry University of Balochistan

A simple flow injection spectrophotometric method is reported for the determination of cysteine,N-acetyl cysteine and glutathione based on the reduction of Fe（Ⅲ）/ferricyanide,the in situ reduced ions are reacted with unreduced portion of ferricyanide/Fe（Ⅲ） to form soluble Prussian blue,which is monitored at 735 *** calibration graphs are linear in the concentration ranges of（1―100）×10-6 mol/L for cysteine and N-acetyl cysteine,and（1―50）×10-6 mol/L for *** relative standard deviations of 1.8%,2.5% and 1.9% were found for eleven replicate analyses of 5×10-6 mol/L cysteine,N-acetyl cysteine and *** limits of detection（3σ blank） at 5×10-7 mol/L for cysteine,and 3×10-7 mol/L for N-acetyl cysteine and glutathione were *** proposed method allowed 60 injections/*** effects of common substances present in pharmaceuticals and human physiological fluids were *** method was applied to determining cysteine in pharmaceutical formulations with the recoveries in a range of 97% to 106% and the results obtained are agreed well with labeled values.

关键词： Flow injection Spectrophotometry Cysteine Prussian blue Fe(Ⅲ) Ferricyanide Pharmaceutical

A Seismic Hazard Map Based on Geology and Shear-wave Velocity in Rawalpindi–Islamabad,Pakistan

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2021年第2期95卷 659-673页

作者： Sarfraz KHAN Muhammad waseem M.Asif KHAN National Centre of Excellence in Geology University of Peshawar 25130KPPakistan University of Peshawar 25120 KPPakistan

The‘twin cities’district of Rawalpindi–Islamabad is among the most endangered seismic regions in Pakistan,with the seismic hazard assessed(0.32 g)to intensity IX MMI for a 475-year return period.A seismic hazard map for Rawalpindi–Islamabad is presented herein,based on 85 shear-wave velocity(VS)profiles obtained through geophysical H/V measurements and from the geological map of the *** between the average top thirty-meter shear-wave velocities(VS30)and surficial geological units have been *** peak ground acceleration(PGA)maps for 150,475 and 2475-year return periods were converted into a seismic intensity *** increments for different soils were used to compute PGA values for 150,475 and 2475-year return *** located on softer ground experienced a higher degree of damage from moderate *** to the presence of soft clay or liquefiable soil and lateral spreading,a few locations may be classified as hybrid sites class C and *** map is a critical step in facilitating code-based site classification and seismic design throughout Rawalpindi–*** the seismic hazard map based on seismic intensities is no longer used in engineering geology,it is still important in seismological analysis and for civil protection purposes.

关键词： seismic hazard site classification intensity increment engineering geology Rawalpindi-Islamabad

Assessing Multidimensional Vulnerability of Rural Areas to Flooding:An Index‑Based Approach

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第1期15卷 88-106页

作者： Samavia Rasool Irfan Ahmad Rana Hassam Bin waseem Department of Urban and Regional Planning School of Civil and Environmental Engineering(SCEE)National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)Islamabad 44000Pakistan

Vulnerability assessment is essential for understanding and launching effective flood risk reduction *** study aimed to examine the vulnerability of flood-prone rural communities in southern Punjab,Pakistan to external *** concept of vulnerability encompasses a range of dimensions,including physical,social,institutional,environmental,economic,and *** a composite index method,indices were developed for each dimension and combined to create a multidimensional measure of vulnerability.A sample of 365 communities was selected using the Yamane sampling technique,and data were collected through a questionnaire containing 65 indicators across all *** statistics and ANOVA tests were used to analyze the *** results show that communities near the Chenab River had higher attitudinal and institutional vulnerability compared to other *** attitudinal vulnerabilities were as sociated with poorly perceived flood risks and low preparedness measures,whereas institutional vulnerabilities were driven by conventional flood protection strategies,lack of institutional trust,and lack of flood risk *** research provides insights into the various components of vulnerability in flood-prone rural communities in Pakistan and demonstrates a useful methodology that can be applied to other disasters at different spatial scales.

关键词： Chenab River Flood hazard Indus River Pakistan-Rural areas:Vulnerability to flooding