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On Modules Satisfying S-Noetherian Spectrum Condition

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Communications in Mathematics and Statistics 2023年第3期11卷 649-662页

作者： MehmetÖzen Osama A.Naji Ünsal Tekir Suat koç Department of Mathematics Sakarya UniversitySakaryaTurkey Department of Mathematics Marmara UniversityIstanbulTurkey

Let R be a commutative ring having nonzero identity and M be a unital *** that S⊆R is a multiplicatively closed subset of ***,M satisﬁes S-Noetherian spectrum condition if for each submodule N of M,there exist s∈S and aﬁnitely generated submodule F⊆N such that sN⊆radM(F),where radM(F)is the prime radical of F in the sense(McCasland and Moore in Commun Algebra 19(5):1327–1341,1991).Besides giving many properties and characterizations of S-Noetherian spectrum condition,we prove an analogous result to Cohen’s theorem for modules satisfying S-Noetherian spectrum ***,we characterize modules having Noetherian spectrum in terms of modules satisfying the S-Noetherian spectrum condition.

关键词： Noetherian modules S-Noetherian modules Noetherian spectrum S-Noetherian spectrum condition

Carbon storage potential of avenue trees:a comparison of Barringtonia racemosa,Cyclobalanopsis glauca,and Alnus formosana

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第2期26卷 307-314页

作者： Jyh-Shyan Tsay Pei-Hsin ko Pai-Tsang Chang Department of Horticultural Science National Chiayi University

Trees in cities play a valuable public health role for they are able to use photosynthesis to absorb atmospheric carbon dioxide（CO2）,which is then stored as tree *** present study compared the potential for carbon storage in the aboveground tree biomass of 3-year-old specimens of Barringtonia racemosa,Cyclobalanopsis glauca,and Alnus formosana grown in Chiayi City,*** of the carbon storage of avenue trees was based on measurement of the photosynthetic rate and leaf area,as well as the biomass of timbers,from October 2008 to *** on photosynthetic rates and leaf area,the estimated carbon stocks of ***,***,and *** are 756,615,and2738 kg Cha-1a-1,*** addition,carbon storage can be estimated based on timber volume,and these results are 1170,720,and 1995 kg Cha-1a-1for ***,***,and ***,*** on these findings,*** has the highest carbon fixation potential of these three *** the photosynthetic rate measurements can provide detailed data on the diurnal changes in carbon stocks,this requires more time and *** contrast,timber volume measurements provide a rapid and convenient way to estimate carbon stocks.

关键词： Carbon dioxide Carbon stock Greenhouse gas Leaf area Timber volume

CNN-Based RF Fingerprinting Method for Securing Passive Keyless Entry and Start System

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第8期76卷 1891-1909页

作者： Hyeon Park SeoYeon Kim Seok Min ko TaeGuen Kim Department of Smart Convergence Security Soonchunhyang UniversityAsanKorea Department of Information Security Engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsanKorea

The rapid growth of modern vehicles with advanced technologies requires strong security to ensure customer *** key system that needs protection is the passive key entry system(PKES).To prevent attacks aimed at defeating the PKES,we propose a novel radio frequency(RF)fingerprinting *** method extracts the cepstral coefficient feature as a fingerprint of a radio frequency *** feature is then analyzed using a convolutional neural network(CNN)for device *** evaluation,we conducted experiments to determine the effectiveness of different cepstral coefficient features and the convolutional neural network-based *** experimental results revealed that the Gammatone Frequency Cepstral Coefficient(GFCC)was the most compelling feature compared to Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficient(MFCC),Inverse Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficient(IMFCC),Linear-Frequency Cepstral Coefficient(LFCC),and Bark-Frequency Cepstral Coefficient(BFCC).Additionally,we experimented with evaluating the effectiveness of our method in comparison to existing approaches that are similar to ours.

关键词： RF fingerprint cepstral coefficient convolutional neural network

Tuning the reactivity of TiO_(2)layer with uniform distribution of Sub-5 nm Fe_(2)O_(3)particles via in situ voltage-assisted oxidation for robust catalytic reduction

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Nano Materials Science 2024年第2期6卷 223-234页

作者： Nisa Nashrah Abdelkarim Chaouiki Wail Al Zoubi Young Gun ko Integrated Materials Chemistry Laboratory School of Materials Science and EngineeringYeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Republic of Korea

The trade-off between efficiency and stability has limited the application of TiO_(2)as a catalyst due to its poor surface ***,we present a modification of a TiO_(2)layer with highly stable Sub-5 nm Fe_(2)O_(3)nanoparticles(NP)by modulating its structure-surface reactivity relationship to attain efficiency-stability balance via a voltage-assisted oxidation *** situ simultaneous oxidation of the Ti substrate and Fe precursor using high-energy plasma driven by high voltage resulted in uniform distribution of Fe_(2)O_(3)NP embedded within porous TiO_(2)*** surface characterizations with density functional theory demonstrated an improved electronic transition in TiO_(2)due to the presence of surface defects from reactive oxygen species and possible charge transfer from Ti to Fe;it also unexpectedly increased the active site in the TiO_(2)layer due to uncoordinated electrons in Sub-5 nm Fe_(2)O_(3)NP/TiO_(2)catalyst,thereby enhancing the adsorption of chemical functional groups on the *** unique embedded structure exhibited remarkable improvement in reducing 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol,achieving approximately 99%efficiency in 20 min without stability decay after 20 consecutive cycles,outperforming previously reported TiO_(2)-based *** finding proposes a modified-electrochemical strategy enabling facile construction of TiO_(2)with nanoscale oxides extandable to other metal oxide systems.

关键词： Titanium dioxide Oxide nanoparticle Electrochemical oxidation Surface reactivity Efficiency Stability

Chinese Economy at the Era of Globalization

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学术界 2019年第7期 185-195页

作者： Grzegorz W.ko?odko kozminski University

Two centuries ago,Asia delivered over 60 percent of world production;in the middle of the 20th century it was less than 20 ***,it is twice as large and this share is still increasing,above all but not only,because of China whose production is still growing at a rate twice as fast as the world *** is trying to maintain high economic dynamics,inter alia,through investment external *** aim is to be served,among others,by the infrastructure project,drawn up with enormous verve,known as the New Silk Road,which the Middle Kingdom addresses to 65 countries on three *** some hope for accelerating their own economic growth,others warn against the risk of becoming dependent on *** article analyzes these challenges,pointing to the desired directions of irreversible evolution globalization by giving it a more inclusive character,which is also strongly emphasized by the Chinese authorities in their official enunciations.

关键词： Belt and Road Initiative China New Silk Road globalizaiton inclusive Asia

Comparison between FLO-2D and Debris-2D on the Application of Assessment of Granular Debris Flow Hazards with Case Study

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Journal of Mountain Science 2013年第2期10卷 293-304页

作者： WU Ying-Hsin LIU ko-Fei CHEN Yi-Chin Department of Civil Engineering National Taiwan University Hydrotech Research Institute National Taiwan University

Numerical simulation has been widely applied to the assessment of debris flow hazards. In East Asia and especially Taiwan, the most widely used numerical programs are FLO-2D and Debris-aD. Although these two programs are applied to the same engineering tasks, they are different in many aspects. These two programs were compared according to their fundamental theories, input and output data, computational algorithms and results. Using both programs, the simulations of a real debris flow with abundant granular material induced by landslides at Xinfa village in southern Taiwan are performed for comparison. The simulation results show that Debris- 2D gives better assessment in hazard area delineating and flow depth predicting. Therefore, Debris-2D is better for simulation of granular debris flows.

关键词： Debris flow assessment Programcomparison FL0-2D Debris-2D

Effects of ozonation and coagulation on effluent organic matter characteristics and ultrafiltration membrane fouling

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第6期26卷 1325-1331页

作者： Kwon Jeong Dae-Sung Lee Do-Gun Kim Seok-Oh ko Department of Civil Engineering Kyung Hee UniversityYongin 446-701 Korea Institute of Construction Technology KUMHO Engineering & ConstructionYongin 449-822 Korea

Effluent organic matter （EfOM） is the major cause of fouling in the low pressure membranes process for wastewater reuse. Coagulation and oxidation of biological wastewater treatment effluent have been applied for the fouling control of microfiltration membranes. However, the change in EfOM structure by pre-treatments has not been clearly identified. The changes of EfOM characteristics induced by coagulation and ozonation were investigated through size exclusion chromatography, UV/Vis spectrophotometry, fluorescence spectrophotometry and titrimetric analysis to identify the mechanisms in the reduction of ultrafiltration （UF） membrane fouling. The results indicated that reduction of flux decline by coagulation was due to modified characteristics of dissolved organic carbon （DOC） content. Total concentration of DOC was not reduced by ozonation. However, the mass fraction of the molecules with molecular weight larger than 5 kDa, fluorescence intensity, aromaticity, highly condensed chromophores, average molecular weight and soluble microbial byproducts decreased greatly after ozonation. These results indicated that EfOM was partially oxidized by ozonation to low molecular weight, highly charged compounds with abundant electron- withdrawing functional groups, which are favourable for alleviating UF membrane flux decline.

关键词： effluent organic matter fouling ultrafiltration oxidation molecular weight distribution acidity

End-of-life batteries management and material flow analysis in South korea

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2018年第3期12卷 55-67页

作者： Hyunhee Kim Yong-Chul Jang Yeonjung Hwang Youngjae ko Hyunmyeong Yun Department of Environmental Engineering Chungnam National University Daejeon 34134 South Korea Waste to Energy Research Division Environmental Resources Research Department National Institute of Environmental Research Incheon 22689 South Korea Daejeon Green Environment Center Daejeon 34134 South Korea

Consumers increasingly have worn-out batteries as electrical and electronic equipment with new technical developments are introduced into the market and quickly replace older models. As a result, large amounts of end-of-life （EOL） or waste batteries are generated. Such batteries may contain a variety of materials that includes valuable resources as well as toxic elements. Thus, the proper recycling and management of batteries is very important from the perspective of resource conservation and environmental effect. The collection and recycling of EOL batteries is relatively low in South korea compared to other countries, although an extended producer responsibility （EPR） policy was adopted for battery recycling in 2003. In this study, the management and material flow of EOL batteries is presented to determine potential problems and quantitative flow, based on literature review, site visits to battery recycling facilities, and interviews with experts in the korea Battery Recycling Association （KBRA）, manufacturers, and regulators in government. The results show that approximately 558 tons of manganese-alkaline batteries, the largest fraction among recycling target items, was disposed in landfills or incinerators in 2015, while approximately 2,000 tons of batteries were recovered at a recycling facility by simple sorting and crushing processes. By raising environmental awareness, more diverse and effective collection systems could be established for consumers to easily dispose of EOL batteries in many places. Producers, retailers and distributors in South korea should also play an important role in the collection of EOL batteries from consumers. Lithium-ion batteries from many electronic devices must be included in the EPR system for resource recovery.

关键词： End-of-life battery Recycling Material flow analysis (MFA)Extended producer responsibility (EPR)Resource recovery

Remarkable N_(2)-selectivity enhancement of NH_(3)-SCR over HPMo modified MnCo-BTC@SiO_(2) catalyst

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 482-495页

作者： Songjin ko Xiaolong Tang Fengyu Gao Honghong Yi Hengheng Liu Ning Luo Department of Environmental Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Department of Chemistry Pyongyang University of ArchitecturePyongyangDPR of Korea

In this work,the phosphomolybdate(HPMo)modification strategy was applied to improve the N_(2) selectivity of Mn Co-BTC@SiO_(2)catalyst for the selective catalytic reduction of NO_(x),and further,the mechanism of HPMo modification on enhanced catalytic performance was *** Mn Co-BTC@SiO_(2-x) catalysts with different HPMo concentrations,Mn CoBTC@SiO_(2)-0.75 catalyst exhibited not only the highest NH_(3)-SCR performance(95% at 200-300℃)but also the best N_(2)selectivity(exceed 80% at 100-300℃)due to the appropriate redox capacity,greater surface acidity.X-ray photoelectron spectrometer(XPS)and temperature programmed reduction of H_(2)(H_(2)-TPR)results showed that the modification with HPMo reduced the oxidation-reduction performance of the catalyst due to electron transfer from Mo^(5+)to Mn^(4+)/Mn^(3+)and prevent the excessive oxidation of ammonia adsorption ***_(3)temperature-programmed desorption of(NH_(3)-TPD)results showed that the modification with HPMo could significantly improve the surface acidity and NH_(3)adsorption,which enhance the catalytic activity and N_(2)***-situ diffused reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy(in-situ DRIFTS)revealed that modification with HPMo increased significantly the amount of adsorbed NH_(3)species on the Bronsted acid site and C_(B)/C_(L),it suppressed the production of N_(2)O by inhibiting the production of NH species,the deep dehydrogenation of ammonia adsorption *** study provided a simple design strategy for the catalyst to improve the low-temperature catalytic performance and N_(2)selectivity.

关键词： Metal organic framework(MOF) MnCo-BTC@SiO_(2) NH_(3)-SCR HPMo N_(2)selectivity