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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022年第7期16卷 1149-1163页

作者： Xuesong Lu Xiaojiao Luo warren A.Thompson Jeannie Z.Y.Tan MMercedes Maroto-Valer Research Centre for Carbon Solutions School of Engineering and Physical SciencesHeriot-Watt UniversityEdinburgh EH144ASUK

The production of solar fuels via the photoreduction of carbon dioxide to methane by titanium oxide is a promising process to control greenhouse gas emissions and provide alternative renewable fuels. Although several reaction mechanisms have been proposed, the detailed steps are still ambiguous, and the limiting factors are not well defined. To improve our understanding of the mechanisms of carbon dioxide photoreduction, a multiphysics model was developed using COMSOL. The novelty of this work is the computational fluid dynamic model combined with the novel carbon dioxide photoreduction intrinsic reaction kinetic model, which was built based on three-steps, namely gas adsorption, surface reactions and desorption, while the ultraviolet light intensity distribution was simulated by the Gaussian distribution model and Beer-Lambert model. The carbon dioxide photoreduction process conducted in a laboratory-scale reactor under different carbon dioxide and water moisture partial pressures was then modeled based on the intrinsic kinetic model. It was found that the simulation results for methane, carbon monoxide and hydrogen yield match the experiments in the concentration range of 10^(−4) mol·m^(–3) at the low carbon dioxide and water moisture partial pressure. Finally, the factors of adsorption site concentration, adsorption equilibrium constant, ultraviolet light intensity and temperature were evaluated.

关键词： carbon dioxide photoreduction computational fluid dynamic simulation kinetic model Langmuir adsorption

Sustainability: A view from the wind-eroded field

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2007年第4期19卷 470-474页

作者： Andrew warren Department of Geography University College London LondonWCIH OAPUK.

This article explores the assessment of sustainability in fields subject to wind erosion. In the first part, simple sustainability audits are examined, as of soil depth and nutrients. Direct measurement of these characteristics has many problems, largely because of huge variability in space and time at all scales. Modelling still has its problems, but it may be possible to overcome many of them soon. It is true that wind erosion preferentially removes soil nutrients, but there are imponderables even here. The nutrient balance in many of these soils includes considerable input from dust. In West Africa, it has been shown that the amounts of calcium and potassium that are added in dust are sufficient to fertilize dispersed crops. In mildly acidic sandy soils, such as those found on the widespread palaeo- aeolian deposits, much of the phosphorus is fixed and unavailable to plants by the time it is removed by wind erosion, so that erosion has no added downside. Most of the nutrients carried by dust have been shown to travel close to the ground （even when they are attached to dust-sized particles）, and so are trapped in nearby fallow strips, and are thus not lost to the farming system. Second, the sustalnabillty of a whole semi-arid farming system is explored. Wind erosion in semi-arid areas （like China, the Sahel and Norflawestern Europe） generally takes place on aeolian deposits of the recent geological past. Most of these soils are deep enough to withstand centuries of wind erosion before they are totally lost to production, and some of these soils have greater fertility at greater depth （so that wind erosion may even improve the soil）. Finally some remarks are made about environmental change in relation to sustainability.

关键词： sustartinability wind erosion nutrient budget environmental change

Phylogenetic positions of two marine ciliates, Metanophrys similis and Pseudocohnilembus hargisi (Protozoa, Ciliophora,Scuticociliatia), inferred from complete small subunit rRNA gene sequences

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第4期16卷 373-378页

作者： Alan warren Department of Zoology The Natural History Museum Cromwell Road London SW7 5BD UK

The small subunit rRNA (SSrRNA) gene was sequenced for two marine scuticociliates Metanophrys similis and Pseudocohnilembus hargisi. The results show that this gene comprises 1763 and 1753 nucleotides in the two marine ciliates respectively. Metanophrys similis is phylogenetically closely related to the clade containing Mesanophrys carcini and Anophyroides haemophila, which branches basally to other species within the order Philasterida. Pseudocohnilembus hargisi groups with its congener, P. marinus, with strong bootstrap support. Paranophrys magna groups with the clade including Cohnilembus and Uronema, representing a sister clade to that containing the two Pseudocohnilembus species.

关键词： phytogeny protozoa scuticociliate Metanophrys similis Pseudocohnilembus hargisi.

Phylogeny of the anaerobic ciliate genus Sonderia(Protista:Ciliophora:Plagiopylea),including the description of three novel species and a brief revision of the genus

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2022年第4期4卷 493-512页

作者： Ran Li Wenbao Zhuang Xiaochen Feng Saleh A.Al-Farraj Alan warren Xiaozhong Hu College of Fisheries &Key Laboratory of MaricultureMinistry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao266003China Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity Ocean University of ChinaQingdao266003China Zoology Department College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia Department of Life Sciences Natural History MuseumLondonSW75BDUK

Anaerobic protists in general,and ciliates in particular,are important components of anoxic or hypoxic environments,however,their diversity remains *** is a poorly studied genus that is distributed worldwide and is commonly found in anaerobic *** the present study,the taxonomy and phylogeny of three new species,namely Sonderia aposinuata ***.,Sonderia paramacrochilus *** Sonderia steini ***.,collected from China,were investigated based on microscopic observations and SSU rRNA gene sequencing *** aposinuata *** diagnosed mainly by having a relatively large body size,a crescent-shaped oral opening,numerous slender extrusomes,one suture on the ventral side and two on the dorsal side,and a buccal cavity that occupies the anterior third of the *** paramacrochilus *** resembles *** but differs mainly by its oral opening being located closer to the anterior cell margin and its spindle-shaped *** steini *** a freshwater species that can be recognized by its shallow buccal cavity,sparsely distributed rod-shaped extrusomes,and having 68–79 monokinetidal somatic kineties that form sutures on both sides of the *** analyses based on small subunit ribosomal RNA(SSU rRNA)gene sequence data support the monophyly of the family Sonderiidae,however,Sonderia is *** genus Sonderia is briefly revised and a key to the identification of species belonging to this genus is supplied.

关键词： Anaerobic ciliates Ciliature New species SSU rRNA gene Taxonomy

On four epibiotic peritrichous ciliates(Protozoa,Ciliophora)found in Lake Weishan Wetland:morphological and molecular data support the establishment of a new genus,Parapiosoma ***.,and two new species

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2023年第3期5卷 337-358页

作者： Tong Wu Ting Cheng Xiao Cao Yaohan Jiang Khaled A.S.Al-Rasheid Alan warren Zhe Wang Borong Lu Marine College Shandong UniversityWeihai 264209China Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Zoology Department College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Department of Life Sciences Natural History MuseumLondon SW75BDUK Weishan Fishery Development Service Center Jining 277600China

During a study on the diversity of ciliated protists in Lake Weishan Wetland,the largest wetland in northern China,four epibiotic sessilid peritrichs were isolated from aquatic host *** of them,i.e.,Epistylis cambari Kellicott,1885 and Epistylis lwof Fauré-Fremiet,1943,were known species whereas the other two,i.e.,Parapiosoma typicum ***.,*** Orborhabdostyla gracilis ***.,are new to *** new genus Parapiosoma *** characterized by its branched non-contractile stalk,everted peristomial lip,obconical macronucleus and transverse *** species are assigned to the new genus,namely Parapiosoma typicum *** Parapiosoma gasterostei(Fauré-Fremiet,1905)***,*** *** recognized by its goblet-shaped zooids,single-layered peristomial lip,dichotomously branched stalk,and infundibular polykinety 3(P3)containing three equal-length *** gracilis *** characterized by its slender zooid,curved macronucleus,and three equal-length rows in infundibular *** diagnoses and redescriptions of *** and *** are provided including,for the frst time,data on the ciliature of *** analyses based on SSU rDNA,ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2,and LSU rDNA sequence data strongly support the assertion that the family Epistylididae comprises morphospecies with diferent evolutionary lineages and indicate that Parapiosoma *** represent a new taxon at family level.

关键词： Ectoparasite Parapiosoma gen.nov. Sessilid peritrichs Systematics

A simple model for reconstructing geomagnetic field intensity with (10)~Be production rate and its application in Loess studies

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第6期51卷 855-861页

作者： J. warren BECK NSF-AMS Laboratory University of Arizona

A simple model for reconstructing the paleomagnetic field intensity with (10)~Be production rate was used for the first time in Loess (10)~Be studies of Luochuan profile. Using the LGM (Last Glacial Maxmium) method, the climatic effects and geomagnetic modulation effects on loess (10)~Be was separated and in turn the 80 ka geomagnetic excursion sequence reconstructed, of which the globally remarkable geomagnetic excursion events such as the Laschamp (42 ka), Mono Lake (32 ka) during the Last Glacial period were revealed and the paleo-geomagnetic intensity curve from Loess (10)~Be over the past 80 ka was quantitatively reconstructed. The reconstructed paleo-intensity fits well with the paleo-intensity curves (SINT200 and NAPIS75), which indicates the significance of global criterion of the (10)~Be paleo- intensity curve and the future direction of loess (10)~Be tracing studies. Results show the irregular vari-ability of the East Asian monsoon precipitation in Loess Plateau is the main cause that has resulted in the ambiguity of the geomagnetic modulation of the (10)~Be record in the loess, and the intrinsic source component of the loess (10)~Be and inherited fraction of magnetic susceptibility (SUS) are characterized by the 'quasi-homogeneous distribution' manner.

关键词： (10)~Be LGM geomagnetic excursion paleointensity quasi-homogeneous distribution

New considerations on the phylogeny of Sessilida(Protista:Ciliophora:Peritrichia)based on multiple-gene information,with emphasis on colonial taxa

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2022年第4期4卷 569-583页

作者： Zhe Wang Xiaoting Feng Lifang Li Khaled A.S.Al-Rasheid Alan warren Chundi Wang Zemao Gu Marine College Shandong UniversityWeihai264209China College of Fisheries/Shuangshui ShuanglüInstitute Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070China Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Diseases Control and Prevention Wuhan430070China Department of Zoology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia Department of Life Sciences Natural History MuseumLondonSW75BDUK

The subclass Peritrichia,containing two orders Sessilida and Mobilida,is a major group of ciliates with worldwide distribution and high species *** studies have investigated the phylogeny of peritrichs;however,the evolutionary relationships and classification of some families and genera within the Sessilida remain *** the present study,we isolated and identified 22 peritrich populations representing four families and six genera and obtained 64 rDNA sequences to perform phylogenetic analyses and assess their systematic *** character reconstruction was also carried out to infer evolutionary routes within the *** results indicate:(1)family Vaginicolidae is monophyletic and acquisition of the typical peritrich lorica represents a single evolutionary divergence;(2)core epistylidids evolved from a Zoothamnium-like ancestor and experienced spasmoneme loss during evolution;(3)Campanella clusters with species in the basal clade and shows stable morphological differences with other epistylidids,supporting its assignment to a separate family;(4)the structure of the peristomial lip may be a genus-level character rather than a diagnostic character for discriminating Epistylididae and Operculariidae,thus a redefinition of Operculariidae should be carried out when more species have been investigated;(5)some characters,such as lifestyle(solitary or colonial),spasmoneme and living habit(sessile or free-swimming),evolved repeatedly among sessilids indicating that species with non-contractile stalks or that are free-swimming have multiple evolutionary routes and might derive from any sessilid lineage without a *** close phylogenetic relationships of some morphologically distinct sessilids imply that the diagnoses of some genera and families should be improved.

关键词： Ancestral state reconstruction Ciliates Morphology Peritrichs Phylogenetic analyses

Thinking Probabilistically Revisited

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Chinese Business Review 2022年第1期21卷 1-4页

作者： warren Richard Hughes University of Waikato HamiltonNew Zealand

Probability distributions are derived for real-world situations where the environment may be subject to high volatility involving radical revisions in probability judgments.A simple procedure is outlined deriving an initial probability distribution which may then be adjusted to reflect additional or new *** trade-off between minimal computation and maximum information is examined.

关键词： probability assessment pairwise judgments reciprocal matrices eigenvalues geometric means

A New Approach to Probability Assessment

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Chinese Business Review 2022年第1期21卷 16-18页

作者： warren Richard Hughes University of Waikato HamiltonNew Zealand

Using spreadsheets and ranges for pairwise judgments,candidate probability distributions are generated for the decision-maker to *** replaces event-by-event determination of *** statistics of the distributions are the... 详细信息

关键词： probability assessment pairwise judgments spreadsheet analysis statistical measures

Silicon nitride passive and active photonic integrated circuits:trends and prospects

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Photonics Research 2022年第6期10卷 I0001-I0015页

作者： CHAO XIANG warren JIN JOHN E.BOWERS Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraSanta BarbaraCalifornia 93106USA

The use of silicon nitride in integrated photonics has rapidly progressed in recent ***-low-loss waveguides based on silicon nitride are a favorable platform for the research of nonlinear and microwave photonics and their application to a wide variety of fields,including precision metrology,communications,sensing,imaging,navigation,computation,and quantum *** recent years,the integration of Si and Ⅲ-Ⅴ materials has enabled new large-scale,advanced silicon nitride-based photonic integrated circuits with versatile *** this perspective article,we review current trends and the state-of-the-art in silicon nitride-based photonic devices and *** highlight the hybrid and heterogeneous integration of Ⅲ-Ⅴ with silicon nitride for electrically pumped soliton microcomb generation and ultra-low-noise lasers with fundamental linewidths in the tens of m Hz *** also discuss several ultimate limits and challenges of silicon nitride-based photonic device performance and provide routes and prospects for future development.

关键词： passive pumped nitride