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Spatiotemporal evolution of wildfire activity during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum in China

Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第2期68卷 509-522页

作者： xue-Ting WANG Zuoling CHEN Linlin CUI xu WANG State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric and Environmental Coevolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Earth and Planetary SciencesBeijing 100049China Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum(PETM)was the most prominent warming event in the Cenozoic and serves as a geological analog for the current global warming driven by anthropogenic CO_(2)emissions from burning fossil *** a primary disruptor of Earth's ecosystems,wildfire activity affects the balance of ecosystems,the global carbon cycle,and climate ***,studying the evolution and driving mechanisms of wildfires during the PETM is essential for predicting wildfire activity under global warming scenarios and for understanding the carbon cycle in the context of wildfire *** research on wildfires during the PETM has mainly focused on the Northern Hemisphere,particularly Europe and North America,whereas studies on Chinese mainland remain *** this study,we analyzed black carbon(BC)concentration and carbon isotope(δ13C)in the Beigou section of the Nanyang Basin and the Xilutian section of the Fushun Basin to reconstruct the spatiotemporal evolution of wildfires in arid/semi-arid and humid *** integrated these findings with those of previous studies on the paleoclimate of the research area to elucidate the driving mechanisms behind wildfire *** results indicate that wildfire activity weakened at the onset of the PETM,with the negative carbon isotope period characterized by low wildfire activity,except for a brief resurgence in the Nanyang *** the recovery phase of the PETM,wildfire activity gradually increased,returning to the pre-PETM *** prolonged low wildfire state was likely caused by extremely high temperatures and precipitation as well as the resulting vegetation *** the PETM recovery phase,increased wildfire activity transformed“short-term carbon sinks”of the biological-atmospheric carbon cycle into“long-term carbon sinks”through the burial of *** process of carbon sink conversion may have acted as a negative feedback mechanism,contributing to carbon sequestration and the e

关键词： PETM Wildfire Carbon cycle Nanyang Basin Fushun Basin

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The pivotal role of microglia in injury and the prognosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1829-1848页

作者： Wenjing Ning Shi Lv Qian Wang Yuzhen xu Department of Rehabilitation The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical UniversityTaianShandong ProvinceChina Department of Central Laboratory The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao UniversityTaianShandong ProvinceChina

Subarachnoid hemorrhage leads to a series of pathological changes,including vascular spasm,cellular apoptosis,blood–brain barrier damage,cerebral edema,and white matter ***,which are the key immune cells in the central nervous system,maintain homeostasis in the neural environment,support neurons,mediate apoptosis,participate in immune regulation,and have neuroprotective *** evidence has shown that microglia play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of subarachnoid hemorrhage and affect the process of injury and the prognosis of subarachnoid ***,microglia play certain neuroprotective roles in the recovery phase of subarachnoid *** approaches aimed at modulating microglia function are believed to attenuate subarachnoid hemorrhage *** provides new targets and ideas for the treatment of subarachnoid ***,an in-depth and comprehensive summary of the role of microglia after subarachnoid hemorrhage is still *** review describes the activation of microglia after subarachnoid hemorrhage and their roles in the pathological processes of vasospasm,neuroinflammation,neuronal apoptosis,blood–brain barrier disruption,cerebral edema,and cerebral white matter *** also discusses the neuroprotective roles of microglia during recovery from subarachnoid hemorrhage and therapeutic advances aimed at modulating microglial function after subarachnoid ***,microglia in subarachnoid hemorrhage are targeted with TLR inhibitors,nuclear factor-κB and STAT3 pathway inhibitors,glycine/tyrosine kinases,NLRP3 signaling pathway inhibitors,Gasdermin D inhibitors,vincristine receptorαreceptor agonists,ferroptosis inhibitors,genetic modification techniques,stem cell therapies,and traditional Chinese ***,most of these are still being evaluated at the laboratory *** clinical studies and data on subarachnoid hemorrhage are required to improve the treatment of subarachnoid hemor

关键词： apoptosis blood–brain barrier brain edema microglia neuroinflammation neuron neuroprotection subarachnoid hemorrhage vasoconstriction white matter injury

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Mutual-structure weighted guided image filtering for depth map restoration

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年第1期21卷 51-56页

作者： LIU Zijian SONG Jian CHEN Quanmin xu Jiangtao Tianjin Key Laboratory of Imaging and Sensing Microelectronic Technology School of MicroelectronicsTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Spikesee Technology Co. Ltd.Beijing 100083China

Although guided image filtering(GIF) is known for preserving edges and fast computation,it may produce inaccurate outputs in depth map *** this paper,a novel confidence-weighted GIF called mutual-structure weighted GIF(MSWGIF) is proposed,which replaces the mean filtering strategy in GIF during handling overlapping *** confidence value is composed of a depth term and a mutual-structure term,where the depth term is utilized to protect the edges of the output,and the mutual-structure term helps to select accurate windows during the structure characteristics of the guidance image are transferred to the *** results show that MSWGIF reduces the root mean square error(RMSE) by an average of 12.37%,and the average growth rate of correlation(CORR) is 0.07% on ***,the average growth rate of structure similarity index measure(SSIM) is 0.34%.

关键词： filtering image mutual

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Deformation mechanism and NPR anchor cable truss coupling support in tunnel through fault fracture zone

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Journal of Mountain Science 2025年第1期22卷 354-374页

作者： HUO Shusen TAO Zhigang HE Manchao WANG Fengnian xu Chuang State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing 100083China School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing 100083China

To address the issue of extensive deformation in the Tabaiyi Tunnel caused by the fault zone,nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)technology was employed to analyze the physical and mechanical properties of waterabsorbing *** analysis aimed to understand the mechanism behind the significant *** from the principle of excavation stress compensation,a support scheme featuring NPR anchorcables and an asymmetric truss support system was *** validate the scheme,numerical analysis using a combination of the Discrete Element Method(DEM)-Finite Element Method(FEM)was ***,similar material model tests and engineering measurements were carried *** experiments were also performed to evaluate the NPR anchor-cable and truss support system,focusing on anchor cable forces,pressures between the truss and surrounding rock,pressures between the initial support and secondary lining,as well as the magnitude of settlement and convergence deformation in the surrounding *** results indicate that the waterinduced expansion of clay minerals,resulting from damage caused by fissure water,accelerated the softening of the mudstone's internal structure,leading to significant deformations in the Tabaiyi Tunnel under high tectonic *** original support design fell short as the length of the anchor rods was smaller than the expansion depth of the plastic *** a result,the initial support structure bore the entire load from the surrounding rock,and a non-coupled deformation contact was observed between the double-arch truss and the surrounding *** adoption of NPR asymmetric anchor-cable support effectively restrained the expansion and asymmetric distribution characteristics of the plastic *** the mechanical degradation caused by water absorption in mudstone,the rigid constraint provided by the truss proved crucial for controlling the stability of the surrounding *** research findings hold significant implicatio

关键词： Fault fracture zone Large deformation Nuclear magnetic resonance NPR anchor cable truss support Coupled simulation

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Research on the hazards of gas leakage and explosion in a full-scale residential building

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Defence Technology(防务技术) 2025年第1期43卷 168-181页

作者： Chengjun Yue Li Chen Zhan Li Bin Feng Ruizhi xu Engineering Research Center of Safety and Protection of Explosion&Impact of Ministry of Education Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China

The gas explosion in residential building has always been a highly concerned *** in homogeneous mixtures have been extensively ***,mixtures are often inhomogeneous in the practical scenarios due to the differences in the densities of methane and *** order to investigate the effects of gas explosions in inhomogeneous mixtures,experimental studies involving gas leakage and explosion are conducted in a full-scale residential building to reproduce the process of gas *** fitting the dimensionless buoyancy as a function of dimensionless height and dimensionless time,a distribution model of gas in large-scale spaces is established,and the mechanism of inhomogeneous distribution of methane is also be ***,the stratified reconstruction method(SRM)is introduced for efficiently setting up inhomogeneous concentration fields in *** simulation results highlight that for the internal overpressure,the distribution of methane has no effect on the first overpressure peak(ΔP1),while it significantly influences the subsequent overpressure peak(ΔP2),and the maximum difference between the overpressure of homogeneous and inhomogeneous distribution is174.3%.Moreover,the initial concentration distribution also has a certain impact on the external overpressure.

关键词： Methane distribution Inhomogeneous mixture Gradient layer Gas explosion Explosive simulation

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Performance Analysis of a Coupled System based on Organic Rankine Cycle and Double Effect Absorption Refrigeration for Waste Heat Recovery in Data Center

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 188-205页

作者： LI Peng xu Jiaqi WANG Binbin LIU Jianyang ZHAO Wensheng HAN Zhonghe School of Energy Power and Mechanical Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBaoding 071003China Hebei Key Laboratory of Low Carbon and High Efficiency Power Generation Technology North China Electric Power UniversityBaoding 071003China

During data center operation,it generates a significant volume of low-grade waste *** recover waste heat,a coupled system including solar collector,double effect absorption refrigeration and organic Rankine cycle is *** system performance is analyzed in *** the organic Rankine cycle,five organic working fluids(R245fa,R245ca,R123,R11,and R113)are selected.R245fa,R113 and R245ca obtain the maximum net power output,thermal efficiency and exergy efficiency,*** the double effect absorption refrigeration system,the evaporation temperature,condensation temperature,and generation pressure affect the COP and exergy *** the generator pressure is unchanged,the COP increases with increasing evaporation temperature and decreasing condensation *** the COP reaches 1.3,the COP slightly decreases as the evaporation temperature or condensation temperature ***,the exergy efficiency of refrigeration systems exhibits the same trend as the COP,and the exergy efficiency maximum value appears at approximately 0.32.A new performance indicator,rPUE,was defined to evaluate the data center power utilization *** flow distribution ratio and heat source temperature were optimized with multi-objective *** the mass flow distribution rate is 0.6 and the heat source temperature is 441.5 K,rPUE and the total unit production costs of the system obtain the optimal solution.

关键词： data center solar heat collection organic Rankine cycle double effect absorption refrigeration waste heat recovery

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SDG space: Revealing the structure and complementarities among sustainable development goals in China

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Fundamental Research 2025年第1期5卷 360-369页

作者： Gong, Mimi Yu, Ke Zhou, Changchang Liu, Zhouyi xu, Zhenci xu, Ming Qu, Shen Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Michigan State University East Lansing 48824 MI United States Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research Beijing Institute of Technology Haidian District Beijing 100081 China School of Geography Nanjing Normal University 1 Wenyuan Road Qixia Nanjing 210023 China Department of Geography The University of Hong Kong 999077 Hong Kong School of Environment Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

To achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030, it is essential to understand the interlinkages between the goals. Previous research has investigated these interactions by focusing on their correlations. However, few studies have systematically prioritized them from a structural perspective through the complementarity measurements and empirically validated their policy effectiveness, such as which goals and indicators impact other SDGs most, especially in China. This study introduces a new concept known as the ‘SDG space’ by employing the “Product Space” approach in network science and economics. It measures the complementarities between SDGs and indicators through their network structures in investigating effective policy design. Using the most recent available but unpublished data for 31 Chinese provinces, the SDG space was constructed at the 17 SDG and 118 indicator levels by analyzing the probability of comparative advantage between each SDG or indicator pair co-occurring in the same place. Historical data confirm that in the ‘SDG Space’ network, a goal connected to other well-developed goals would enjoy better future growth and vice versa. The structure reveals that SDG 4 (Quality Education), 15 (Life on Land), and 1 (No Poverty) are critical goals with transformative synergies to other SDGs. Furthermore, we identified strong complementarities between land-based ecosystems and clean water and climate actions using the finer-grained indicator-level space. These findings help pave the way for China toward a sustainable future by providing science-based policy recommendations for decision-makers. They can be generally applied to other countries and regions to assist in navigating toward sustainable development. © 2024

关键词： China Network analysis Product space SDG space Sustainable development goals

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Optimizing canopy-spacing configuration increases soybean yield under high planting density

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Crop Journal 2025年第1期13卷 233-245页

作者： Li, Ruidong xu, Cailong Wu, Zongsheng xu, Yifan Sun, Shi Song, Wenwen Wu, Cunxiang Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National soybean Industrial Technology R & D Center Beijing 100081 China

Dense cropping increases crop yield but intensifies resource competition, which reduces single plant yield and limits potential yield growth. Optimizing canopy spacing could enhance resource utilization, support crop morphological development and increase yield. Here, a three-year study was performed to verify the feasibility of adjusting row spacing to further enhance yield in densely planted soybeans. Of three row-spacing configurations (40–40, 20–40, and 20–60 cm) and two planting densities (normal 180,000 plants ha−1 and high 270,000 plants ha−1). The differences in canopy structure, plant morphological development, photosynthetic capacity and their impact on yield were analyzed. Row spacing configurations have a significant effect on canopy transmittance (CT). The 20–60 cm row spacing configuration increased CT and creates a favorable canopy light environment, in which plant height is reduced, while branching is promoted. This approach reduces plant competition, optimizes the developments of leaf area per plant, specific leaf area, leaf area development rate, leaf area duration and photosynthetic physiological indices (Fv/Fm, ETR, Pn). The significant increase of 11.9%–34.2% in canopy apparent photosynthesis (CAP) is attributed to the significant optimization of plant growth and photosynthetic physiology through CT, an important contributing factor to yield increases. The yield in the 20–60 cm treatment is 4.0% higher than in equidistant planting under normal planting density, but 5.9% under high density, primarily driven by CAP and pod number. These findings suggest that suitable row spacing configurations optimize the light environment for plants, promote source-sink transformation in soybeans, and further improve yield. In practice, a 20–60 cm row spacing configuration could be employed for high-density soybean planting to achieve a more substantial yield gain. © 2024 Crop Science Society of China and In

关键词： Canopy transmittance Planting density Row-spacing configuration Soybean Yield

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Recent progress and perspectives on highly-safe and energy-dense solid-state Li-CO_(2) batteries

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Science Bulletin 2025年第2期70卷 135-139页

作者： Yunyun xu Zichen xu Sang-Young Lee Zhong-Shuai Wu State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Chinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Li-CO_(2)batteries are highly anticipated as promising candidates for advanced electrochemical energy storage systems owing to their high theoretical specific energy of 1876 Wh kg^(-1),based on the discharge products of Li_(2)CO_(3)and C,their environmentally benign CO_(2)utilization [1].Since CO_(2)is the main component of the atmosphere on Mars,Li-CO_(2)batteries can serve as an excellent power source for Mars exploration ***,several key issues remain unresolved,such as the slow kinetics of CO_(2)reduction reaction(CRR) and CO_(2)evolution reaction(CER),the severe side reaction between Li with CO_(2),and the risk of the electrolyte combustion due to thermal runaway,all of which hinder the practical application of Li-CO_(2)batteries.

关键词： energy hinder electrolyte

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不同治疗方法对软组织肉瘤患者生存率的影响

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肿瘤基础与临床 2010年第4期23卷 325-327页

作者：何祖胜徐万龙锡林宝勒日新疆医科大学附属肿瘤医院骨与软组织肿瘤科新疆乌鲁木齐830011

目的探讨不同治疗方法对软组织肉瘤患者生存率的影响。方法总结92例软组织肉瘤患者的临床资料,分析单纯手术(27例)、手术后加辅助放疗(51例)、手术后加辅助化疗(14例)患者的生存率。结果单纯手术、手术后加辅助放疗和手术后加辅助化疗... 详细信息

目的探讨不同治疗方法对软组织肉瘤患者生存率的影响。方法总结92例软组织肉瘤患者的临床资料,分析单纯手术(27例)、手术后加辅助放疗(51例)、手术后加辅助化疗(14例)患者的生存率。结果单纯手术、手术后加辅助放疗和手术后加辅助化疗患者的5年生存率分别为35.1%、50.9%和22.7%。结论软组织肉瘤术后辅助放疗可以提高患者的生存率。

关键词：软组织肉瘤生存率外科治疗化疗放疗

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