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Characteristics of the recirculation zone in a cylindrical confined space and its suppression by an annular orifice plate

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Building Simulation 2023年第8期16卷 1391-1408页

作者： Yu Zhou Wan-Rong Ren Mengfan Quan lei Jia Manning Wang Yi Wang State Key Laboratory of Green Building in Western China Xi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi'an 710055China School of Building Services Science and Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyNo.13 Yanta RD.Xi’an 710055China

The accumulation of pollutants in the recirculation zone can worsen *** is critical to reduce recirculation zones to improve the ventilation efficiency of ***,the variation rule of the recirculation zone in a cylindrical confined space(CCS)is unclear,and there are few solutions to suppress or eliminate the recirculation zone at *** this paper,an annular deflector orifice plate for suppressing the recirculation zone was developed based on the structural characteristics of the *** device is simple in structure and can be used *** experiments and numerical simulations,the variation rule of the recirculation zone length and the influence of structural parameters of the device on the vortex suppression were ***,empirical formulas for calculating the length of the recirculation zone in the CCS were *** addition,it was proved that placing the annular orifice plate inside the CCS effectively reduced the recirculation zone and improved the ventilation *** to the system without the annular orifice plate,the dimensionless length of the recirculation zone was decreased by 76.3%,and the time to completely discharge the pollutants from the CCS was decreased by 16.7%.Finally,parameters of the annular orifice plate that form the best vortex suppression effect were proposed:the porosity range was 40%–50%,uniform in shape with equal ring spacing,and placed more than one inlet diameter away from the *** results help guide the ventilation design of CCS.

关键词： cylindrical confined space recirculation zone vortex suppression orifice plate

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Processing and oxidation behavior of Pt-diffused coatings

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Rare Metals 2020年第8期39卷 902-908页

作者： Liang-Liang Wei Hui Peng lei Zheng Jing-Yong Sun Hong-Bo Guo School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Key Laboratory of Aerospace Materials and Performance(Ministry of Education) Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Energy and Power Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Pt-diffused coatings were synthesized on Ni10 Al alloy by electroplating a thin layer of Pt(1-5μm)followed by a diffusion treatment in vacuum at 1000-1100℃.Effects of processing parameters(Pt thickness and vacuum diffusion temperature)on the microstructures and chemical composition of Pt-diffused coatings were ***,the oxidation behavior of the coatings was studied at1100℃.Pt film reveals nano-sized grain size of 93-113 *** diffusion treatment leads to the grain growth.1-μm Pt film with 1000℃/1 h vacuum diffusion fabricates nano-sized Pt-diffused coating which exhibits the best oxidation *** a single continuous Al2O3 scale forms on the coating with low Al(~9 at%)and Pt(~6 at%)*** initial Pt thickness would introduce more defects and cracks,leading to a duplex scale and decreasing the oxidation resistance of Ptdiffused coatings.

关键词： Platinum-modifiedγ+γ′coatings Pt-diffused coatings Electroplating Oxidation Nano-structure

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Highly efficient and selective photocatalytic dehydrogenation of benzyl alcohol for simultaneous hydrogen and benzaldehyde production over Ni-decorated Zn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S solid solution

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2019年第3期28卷 71-77页

作者： lei Zhang Daochuan Jiang Rana Muhammad Irfan Shan Tang Xin Chen Pingwu Du Hefei National Laboratory of Physical Science at the Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion Department of Materials Science and Engineering iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials) University of Science and Technology of China (USTC)

Photocatalytic conversion of solar energy into hydrogen and high value-added fine chemicals has attracted increasing attention. Herein, we demonstrate an efficient photocatalytic system for simultaneous hydrogen evolution and benzaldehyde production by dehydrogenation of benzyl alcohol over Nidecorated Zn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S solid solution under visible light. The photocatalytic system shows an excellent hydrogen production rate of 666.3 μmol h^(-1) with high stability. The optimal apparent quantum yield of52.5% is obtained at 420 nm. This noble-metal-free photocatalytic system displays much higher activity than pure Zn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S and Pt-loaded Zn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S solid solution. Further studies reveal that the metallic Ni nanocrystals play an important role in accelerating the separation of photogenerated charge carriers and the subsequent cleavage of α-C–H bond during dehydrogenation of benzyl alcohol.

关键词： Photocatalysis Benzyl alcohol oxidation Hydrogen production Nickel Solid solution Charge separation

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Less attention paid to waterborne SARS-CoV-2 spreading in Beijing urban communities

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021年第5期15卷 1-5页

作者： Chunyan Wang Jiangshan Wang Yi Liu lei Zhang Yong Sun Jiuhui Qu School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China School of Environment Renmin University of ChinaBeijing100872China Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085China

SARS-CoV-2 has been detected in various environmental *** and individual-engaged precautions are recommended to stop or slow environmentally-mediated *** better understand the individual’s awareness of and precaution to environmental dissemination of SARS-CoV-2,an online survey was conducted in Beijing during March 14–25,*** is found that the waterborne(especially wastewater mediated)spreading routes are far less perceived by urban *** precautions for wastewater transmission are less favored by the public than airborne and solid waste mediated spreading *** risk communication asymmetry in waterborne transmission will be further enlarged in places with fragile water ***,education level is the most significant attribution(Sig.<0.05)that causes the difference of awareness and precautions of the waterborne transmission among the respondents,according to the variance analysis *** survey results emphasize the urgent need for evidence-based,multifactorial precautions for current and future outbreaks of COVID-19.

关键词： Environmental dissemination Risk communication Individual perception

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Experimental Investigation on Vertical Hydraulic Transport of Ores in Deepsea Mining

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第1期38卷 42-53页

作者： LIU lei LIU Jian-cheng LI Xin XU Li-xin ZHANG Xiu-zhan State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Naval Architecture Ocean and Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Sanya Yazhou Bay Institution of Deep-sea Sci-Tech Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversitySanya 572000China China Merchants Marine And Offshore Research Institute Co. Ltd.Shenzhen 518067China China Merchants Deepsea Research Institute(Sanya)Co. Ltd.Sanya 572000China School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212100China

Deepsea mining has been proposed since the 1960s to alleviate the lack of resources on *** hydraulic transport of collected ores from the seabed to the sea surface is considered the most promising method for industrial *** the present study,an indoor model test of the vertical hydraulic transport of particles was conducted.A noncontact optical method has been proposed to measure the local characteristics of the particles inside a vertical pipe,including the local concentration and particle *** hydraulic gradient of ore transport was evaluated with various particle size distributions,particle densities,feeding concentrations and mixture flow *** transport,the local concentration is larger than the feeding concentration,whereas the particle velocity is less than the mixture *** qualitative effects of the local concentration and local fluid velocity on the particle velocity and slip velocity were *** local fluid velocity contributes significantly to particle velocity and slip velocity,whereas the effect of the local concentration is marginal.A higher feeding concentration and mixture flow velocity result in an increased hydraulic *** effect of the particle size gradation is slight,whereas the particle density plays a crucial role in the transport.

关键词： deepsea mining vertical hydraulic transport experiment flow characteristics

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ZIF-67@Cellulose nanofiber hybrid membrane with controlled porosity for use as Li-ion battery separator

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第1期30卷 170-180,I0006页

作者： Xiuxuan Sun Wangwang Xu Xiuqiang Zhang Tingzhou lei Sun-Young Lee Qinglin Wu School of Renewable Natural Resources Louisiana State University AgCenterBaton RougeLA 70803United States Key Biomass Energy Laboratory of Henan Province Zhengzhou 450008HenanChina Forest Products Department National Institute of Forest Science57 HoegiroDongdaemun-guSeoul 02455Republic of Korea

Zeolitic imidazolate framework-67(ZIF-67) was synthesized on the surface of cellulose nanofibers(CNFs)in methonal to address the problems of unhomogeneous pore size and pore distribution of pure CNF membrane.A combination of Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy(EDS),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and X-ray powder diffraction(XRD) patterns were used to determine the successful synthesis of ZIF-67@*** size of the ZIF-67 particles and pore size of the ZIF-67@CNF membrane were50-200 nm and 150-350 nm, *** prepared ZIF-67@CNF membrane exhibited excellent thermal stability,lower thermal shrinkage and high surface *** discharge capacity retention of the Li-ion batteries(LIBs) made with ZIF-67@CNF,glass fiber(GF),CNF and commercial polymer membranes after 100 th cycle at 0.5 C rate were 88.41%,86.22%,83.27%,and 81.03%,*** with ZIF-67@CNF membrane exhibited a better rate capability than these with other *** damage of porous structure or peel-off of ZIF-67 was observed in the SEM images of ZIF-67@CNF membrane after100 th *** improved cycling performance,rate capability,and good electrochemical stability implied that ZIF-67@CNFs membrane can be considered as a good alternative LIB separator.

关键词： Cellulose nanofibers ZIF-67 Li-ion battery Membrane property Battery performance

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Comparison of the Structural Evolution ofβPolypropylene during the Sequential and Simultaneous Biaxial Stretching Process

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2021年第5期39卷 620-631,I0008页

作者： Dao-Xin Zhang lei Ding Feng Yang Fang Lan Ya Cao Ming Xiang State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

In this work,the lamellar structural evolution and microvoids variations of βpolypropylene(β-PP)during the processing of two different stretching methods,sequential biaxial stretching and simultaneous biaxial stretching,were investigated in *** was found that different stretching methods led to significantly different lamellae deformation modes,and the microporous membranes obtained from the simultaneous biaxial stretching exhibited better mechanical *** the sequential biaxial stretching,abundant coarse fibers originated from the tight accumulation of the lamellae parallel to the longitudinal stretching direction,whereas the lamellae perpendicular to the stretching direction were easily deformed and *** coarse fibers were difficult to be separated to form micropores during the subsequent transverse stretching process,resulting in a poor micropores ***,for the simultaneous biaxial stretching,theβcrystal had the same deformation mode,that is,the lamellae distributed in different directions were all destroyed,forming abundant microvoids and little coarse fibers.

关键词： βPolypropylene Simultaneous biaxial stretching Sequential biaxial stretching Structure evolution

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GMW sequences over Galois rings and their linear complexities

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Frontiers of Electrical and Electronic Engineering in China 2009年第2期4卷 141-144页

作者： Nigang SUN lei HU Department of Computer Science and Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China State Key Laboratory of Information Security Graduate University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

A new family of GMW sequences over an arbitrary Galois ring was defined by using the trace functions and *** generalizes the concept of GMW sequences over finite *** the Fourier representation,we derived an estimate of the linear complexities of this family of GMW *** the result shows that such sequences have large linear complexities.

关键词： cryptography GMW sequence linear complexity Galois ring

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Rice bioinformatics in the genomic era: Status and perspectives

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The Crop Journal 2021年第3期9卷 609-621页

作者： lei Jia Lingjuan Xie Sangting Lao Qian-Hao Zhu Longjiang Fan Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University Yonyou Industrial ParkSanya 572025HainanChina Instituteof Crop Science&Institute of Bioinformatics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058ZhejiangChina CSIRO Agriculture and Food Black Mountain LaboratoriesGPO Box 1700CanberraACT 2601Australia

Rice is one of cereal crops and a model species for *** the release of the first draft rice genome sequences in 2002,considerable progress has been achieved in rice genomic researches,thanks to rapid development and efficient utilization of bioinformatics methods and *** this review,we summarize the progress of studies of rice genome sequencing and other omics and introduce the wellmaintained bioinformatics databases and tools developed for rice genome resources and *** reviewing the history of rice bioinformatics,we use single-cell sequencing and machine learning as examples showing how bioinformatics integrates emerging technologies and how it continues to develop for future rice research.

关键词： Rice Bioinformatics Genomic data Database Tool

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Rapid operando gas monitor for commercial lithium ion batteries: Gas evolution and relation with electrode materials

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第9期31卷 14-25,I0002页

作者： Siqi Lyu Na Li lei Sun Shuqiang Jiao Haosen Chen Wei-Li Song Institute of Advanced Structure Technology.Bejing Institute of Technology.Bejing 100081 China School ofifomation and Eletronics Beijing nstute of Technology.Bejing 100081China StateKey Laboratory of Advanced Metalurgy University of Science and Technology Bejing Bejing 100083China

Internal gases caused by side reactions are crucial signals for evaluating health and safety states of Li-ion batteries(LIBs)while it is still a great challenge to timely realize accurate *** address the issues of implanting various gas sensors into commercial batteries,here a novel method is developed to fast operando monitoring gas evolution via equipping non-dispersive infrared multi-gases sensors into a sealed tank,where real commercial batteries with one open end could be settled for *** generated CO_(2)concentration is strongly linked with both voltage and temperature,while the concentrations of CH_(4) and C_(2)H_(4) are solely dependent on *** a typical trace gas,evolution behaviors of CO_(2)have been related to 0_(2) generation from LiNi_(o.5)Mn_(0.3)CoO_(2)0_(2) positive electrode,implying stable CO_(2)release below a critical voltage of 4.5 *** tracking CO_(2)concentration,an increased amount of Li_(2)CO_(3) was monitored on the surface of graphite negative electrode during discharge process at dfferent temperatures and cutoff voltages,which contributes to the component variation of solid electrolyte *** operando techniques promise a plaform for well understanding the interaction of side reactions linked with gas evolution between positive and negative electrodes in commercial LIBs.

关键词： Operando monitoring CO_(2)evolution Fast response Li-ion batteries

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