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The pyrolysis preparation of the compact and full-coverage AgSbS_(2) thin films and the photovoltaic performance of the corresponding solar cells

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第3期98卷 268-271页

作者： Kai Lv chengwu Shi Yang Yang Qi Wang Xun Sun wangchao chen School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction EngineeringHefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China

The preparation of the compact and full-coverage AgSbS;thin films is firstly reported using the pyrolysis of the Ag-butyldithiocarbamate and Sb-butyldithiocarbamate complex solution in *** influence of the preparation temperature on the crystal phase,optical absorption,morphology of the AgSbS;thin films is systematically *** AgSbS;thin films at 150°C for 30 min are composed of the individual nanoparticles with the particle sizes of 30–60 *** the AgSbS_(2)thin films are further heated at 350℃for 2 min,the individual AgSbS_(2)nanoparticles are melted together and the grain boundary between the AgSbS_(2)nanoparticles *** solar cells with the architecture of FTO/compact TiO_(2)/AgSbS_(2)/spiro-OMe TAD/Au achieve the photoelectric conversion efficiency(PCE)of 2.09%,along with the open-circuit voltage of 0.44 V,the short-circuit photocurrent density of 10.49 m A cm^(-2),the fill factor of *** PCE of 2.09%is the highest value for the AgSbS_(2)solar cells.

关键词： AgSbS_(2)thin film Ag-butyldithiocarbamate Sb-butyldithiocarbamate Pyrolysis Solar cell

Molecular exchange and passivation at interface afford high-performing perovskite solar cells with efficiency over 24%

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第7期82卷 219-227,I0005页

作者： Jianjun Sun wangchao chen Yingke Ren Yunjuan Niu Zhiqian Yang Li'e Mo Yang Huang Zhaoqian Li Hong Zhang Linhua Hu Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials Institute of Solid State PhysicsHFIPSChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031AnhuiChina School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction EngineeringHefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009AnhuiChina College of Science Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050018HebeiChina Hebei Computational Optical Imaging and Photoelectric Detection Technology Innovation Center Hebei International Joint Research Center for Computational Optical Imaging and Intelligent SensingSchool of Mathematics and Physics Science and EngineeringHebei University of EngineeringHandan 056038HebeiChina University of Science and Technology of Chin1 Anhui 230026HefeiChina

The interface is crucial for perovskite solar cells(PSCs).However,voids at interfaces induced by the trapped hygroscopic dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)can reduce charge extraction and accelerate the film degradation,seriously damaging the efficiency and *** this work,4,4’-dinonyl-2,2’-dipyridine(DN-DP),a Lewis base with long alkyl chains is introduced to solve this *** calculated and experimental results confirm that the dipyridyl group on DN-DP can more strongly coordinate with Pb^(2+)than that of the S=O group on *** strong coordination effect plays a crucial role in removing the DMSO-based adduct and reducing the formation of *** to the electron-donating properties of pyridine,the existence of DN-DP in the perovskite film can passivate the defects and optimize the energy level alignment of the perovskite *** open-circuit voltage(VOC)of the DN-DP-based PSC is improved from 1.107 V(control device)to 1.153 V,giving rise to a power conversion efficiency(PCE)of24.02%.Furthermore,benefiting from the moisture resistance stemming from the hydrophobic nonyl group,the PCE retains 90.4%of the initial performance after 1000 h of storage in the ambient condition.

关键词： Perovskite solar cell Anti-solvent 4 4′-Dinonyl-2 2′-dipyridine Optimized interfaceStability

Inside-out Ostwald ripening： A facile process towards synthesizing anatase TiO2 microspheres for high- efficiency dye-sensitized solar cells

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Nano Research 2016年第7期9卷 1891-1903页

作者： Yong Ding Xin Xia wangchao chen Linhua Hu Li'e Mo Yang Huang Songyuan Dai Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells North China Electric Power University Beijing 102205 China Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-film Solar Cells Institute of Applied Technology Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy ot Sciences Hefei 230031 China

A facile inside-out Ostwald ripening route to the morphology-controlled preparation of TiO2 microspheres is developed. Here, TiO2 hollow microspheres （HM） and solid microspheres （SM） are prepared by adjusting the volume ratio of isopropanol （IPA） to acetylacetone （Acac） in the solvothermal process. During the formation process of HM, precipitation of solid cores, subsequent deposition of outer shells on the surface of cores, and simultaneous core dissolution and shell recrystallizafion are observed, which validate the inside-out Ostwald ripening mechanism. Design and optimization of the properties （pore size, surface area, and trap state） of TiO2 microspheres are vital to the high performance of dye- sensitized solar cells （DSSCs）. The optimized TiO2 rnicrospheres （rHM and rSM） obtained by post-processing on recrystallization, possess large pore sizes, high surface areas and reduced trap states （Ti3~ and oxygen vacancy）, and are thus ideal materials for photovoltaic devices. The power conversion efficiency of DSSCs fabricated using rHM photoanode is 11.22%, which is significantly improved compared with the 10.54% efficiency of the rSM-based DSSC. Our work provides a strategy for synthesizing TiO2 microspheres that simultaneously accommodate different physical properties, in terms of surface area, crystallinity, morphology, and mesoporosity.

关键词： Ostwald ripening dye-sensitized solar cell TiO2 microsphere hollow structure acetylacetone

Surface states in TiO2 submicrosphere films and their effect on electron transport

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Nano Research 2017年第11期10卷 3671-3679页

作者： Li'e Mo wangchao chen Ling Jiang Yong Ding Zhaoqian Li Linhua Hu Songyuan Dai Key Laboratory of Novel Thin Film Solar Cells Institute of Applied Technology Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei 230088 China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin Film Solar Cells North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206 China

Owing to their special three-dimensional network structure and high specific surface area,TiO2 submicrospheres have been widely used as electron conductors in photoanodes for solar *** recent years,utilization of TiO2 submicrospheres in solar cells has greatly boosted the photovoltaic ***,however,numerous surface states in the TiO2 network affect electron *** this work,the surface states in TiO2 submicrospheres were thoroughly investigated by charge extraction methods,and the results were confirmed by the cyclic voltammetry *** results showed that ammonia can effectively reduce the number of surface states in TiO2 ***,in-depth characterizations indicate that ammonia shifts the conduction band toward a more positive potential and improves the interfacial charge ***,charge recombination is effectively ***,the cell performance is essentially dependent on the effect of the surface states,which affects the electron transfer and recombination process.

关键词： surface states TiO2 submicrospheres solar cells charge extraction methods cyclic voltammetry

Improving the performance of arylamine-based hole transporting materials in perovskite solar cells： Extending π-conjugation length or increasing the number of side groups？

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2018年第5期27卷 1409-1414页

作者： Xuepeng Liu Fantai Kong wangchao chen Ting Yu Yin Huang Tasawar Hayat Ahmed Alsaedi Hongxia Wang Jian chen Songyuan Dai Key Laboratory of Photovolatic and Energy Conservation Materials CAS Institute of Applied Technology Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei 230088 Anhui China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 Anhui China NAAM Research Group. Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia School of Chemistry Physics and Mechanical Engineering. Queensland University of Technology Brisbane OLD 4001 Australia Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin-Film Solar Cells. North China Electric Power University. Beijing 102206 China

In this work, we prepared three simple arylamine-based hole transporting materials from commercially available starting materials. The effect of extending z-conjugation length or increasing the number of side groups compared with reference compound on the photophysical, electrochemical, hole mobility properties and performance in perovskite solar cells were further studied. It is noted that these two kinds of molecular modifications can significantly lower the HOMO level and improve the hole mobility, thus improving the hole injection from valence band of perovskite. On the other hand, the compound with more side groups showed higher hole injection efficiency due to lower HOMO level and higher hole mo- bility compared with the compound with extending π-conjugation length. The perovskite solar cells with the modified molecules as hole transporting materials showed a higher efficiency of 15.40% and 16.95%, respectively, which is better than that of the reference compound （13.18%）. Moreover, the compound with increasing number of side groups based devices showed comparable photovoltaic performance with that of conventional spiro-OMeTAD （16.87%）.

关键词： Hole transporting materials Perovskite π-conjugation length Side groups

Meridional deflection of global eddy propagation derived from tandem altimetry: Mechanism and implication

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第3期67卷 811-825页

作者： Ge chen Xiaoyan chen Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System School of Marine TechnologyOcean University of ChinaQindao 266100China Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Laoshan LaboratoryQindao 266237China

A common view on meridional deflection of eddy propagation is poleward for cyclones and equatorward for anticyclones. This widely accepted polarity-sensitive pattern has been increasingly undermined given that it is systematically violated on both zonal and regional scales as recently reported. Here, we approach the problem by exploring these violations in terms of eddy effects of spatiotemporal geostrophy, thermal fading, and flow dragging, yielding the following main conclusions.(1) The polarity-dependent deflection discrepancy is a pseudo feature resulting from a biased fit to the normalized eddy tracks which are spatially asymmetric(though azimuthally symmetric) between the two signs;Instead, the primary pattern of eddy deflection appears to be geographically correlated and polarity independent.(2) Geostrophic adjustment plays a critical role in defining the meridional movement of an eddy. Specifically, a consistent poleward(equatorward) trajectory bending of spatially(temporally) ageostrophic eddies is observed irrespective of their polarity.(3) The mechanism of eddy deflection is also determined by its zonal propagation direction. Westward propagating eddies are substantially affected by thermal fading, while opposite ones by flow dragging. A realistic and comprehensive understanding of eddy deflection mechanisms serves as a significant contribution to the prediction of eddy trajectory, and the protection of ocean environment.

关键词： Mesoscale eddies Eddy propagation Eddy meridional deflection Satellite observation Geostrophic adjustment

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A refined representation method of the particle size distribution curve based on grading entropy

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Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 302-311页

作者： Xing Li Qun chen Zhaozhao Liu cheng Zhou chen Wang chen chen State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering College of Water Resource and HydropowerSichuan UniversityChengdu610065China

The particle size distribution(PSD)curve is an important expression of the basic properties of the *** characteristic parameters such as median particle size D_(50),effective particle size D_(10),and some combinations of characteristic parameters can only represent some points of the PSD curve,failing to represent all information of the PSD *** this paper,a fraction characteristic parameter F that could reflect the fraction size variation of the PSD curve was introduced based on grading *** a new presentation method of the A-B-F three parameters was proposed for a refined representation of the PSD *** was found that the newly constructed model not only better represents the differences in the width of PSD curves but also has a higher sensitivity than the A-B two-parameter model proposed by Lő*** PSD curves with similar distributions,the new presentation method has a higher degree of discrimination than that of the D_(50)-C_(u)-C_(c) three-parameter or the four-parameter combination G_(c) proposed by ***,the application of this new method in describing the spatial nonuniformity distribution of depositions and predicting the soil hydraulic conductivity was *** research results can provide a reference for the refined representation of PSD curves.

关键词： Grading entropy Particle size distribution curve Refined representation

Track correlation algorithm based on CNN-LSTM for swarm targets

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2024年第2期35卷 417-429页

作者： chen Jinyang WANG Xuhua chen Xian Research Institute for National Defense Engineering Academy of Military SciencesLuoyang 471023China Information Engineering University Zhengzhou 450001China School of Computer Science and Technology Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071China

The rapid development of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) swarm, a new type of aerial threat target, has brought great pressure to the air defense early warning system. At present, most of the track correlation algorithms only use part of the target location, speed, and other information for *** this paper, the artificial neural network method is used to establish the corresponding intelligent track correlation model and method according to the characteristics of swarm ***, a route correlation method based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM)Neural network is designed. In this model, the CNN is used to extract the formation characteristics of UAV swarm and the spatial position characteristics of single UAV track in the formation,while the LSTM is used to extract the time characteristics of UAV swarm. Experimental results show that compared with the traditional algorithms, the algorithm based on CNN-LSTM neural network can make full use of multiple feature information of the target, and has better robustness and accuracy for swarm targets.

关键词： track correlation correlation accuracy rate swarm target convolutional neural network(CNN) long short-term memory(LSTM)neural network

Two-stage Planning Method for Energy Router Considering Its Optimal Operation in Distribution Networks

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第2期10卷 605-616页

作者： Meifu chen Mingchao Xia Qifang chen School of Electrical Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China

An energy router can effectively optimize the network loss and power quality of distribution networks. The optimal configuration of the energy router is relatively complex because issues dynamically influence each other, such as the location of the energy router, optimal number and capacity of its ports, and building new distribution lines for the ports. Presently, there has been very few research studies on the practical problems for the energy router. In this paper, a planning model of an energy router combined with the distribution network is established, which fully exploits the active and reactive power control abilities of the energy router to optimize the operation of the grid. The configuration problem is decoupled into two stages. The upper layer determines the location of the energy router and the parameters of the candidate new distribution lines for the ports. The lower layer calculates the optimal configuration of the energy router by minimizing the total annual cost. Because of the same rated bus voltage in the distribution network, the existing structure of the energy router is changed to be more applicable for the distribution network, and then the power flow model of the energy router is also modified. Due to the nonlinearity of the model, the planning model is converted into a mixed-integer second-order cone model to solve efficiently. In addition, some core factors influencing the optimal scheme of the energy router are also analyzed in this paper. Simulation results show that the optimal scheme of the energy router can significantly improve the economic deployment of the energy router, and optimize the network loss and power quality of the distribution network.

关键词： Capacity allocation distribution network energy router optimal operation